Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement in Pregnancy: the Current State of the Art

References

• Department of Health. Report on confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in the UK 1988–1990. HMSO, London 1994
   Google Scholar
• Redman C WG. Pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia—why is it dangerous?. Maternal Mortality—The Way Forward, N. Patel. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. 1992; 14–20
   Google Scholar
• Rosenberg K, Twaddle S. Screening and surveillance of pregnancy hypertension—an economic approach to the use of day care. Bailleres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1990; 4(1)89–107
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anthony J. Improving antenatal care. The role of the antenatal assessment unit. Health Trends 1992; 24: 123–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Redman C WG. Screening for pre-eclampsia. Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care, M Enkin, I Chalmers. Spastics International Medical Publications—William Heineman Medical Books, London 1982; 69–80
   Google Scholar
• Pickering T G, James G D, Boddie C, Harshfield G A, Blank S, Laragh J H. How common is white coat hypertension?. JAMA 1988; 259(2)225–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Bertinieri G, Grassi G. Effects of blood pressure measurement by the doctor and patient's blood pressure and heart rate. Lancet 1983; 835: 695–8
   Google Scholar
• Pickering T G, Harshfield G A, Devereux R B, Laragh J H. What is the role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the management of hypertensive patients?. Hypertension 1985; 7: 171–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickering T G, Harshfield G A, Kleinert H D, Blank S, Laragh J H. Comparisons of blood pressure during normal daily activities, sleep and exercises in normal and hypertensive subjects. JAMA 1982; 247: 992–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perloff D, Sokolow M, Cowan R. The prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressure. JAMA 1983; 249: 2793–98
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parati G, Pomidossi G, Albini F. Relationship of 24 hour blood pressure mean and variability to severity of target organ damage in hypertension. J Hypertens 1987; 52: 93–8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokolow M. Relationship between level of blood pressure measured casually and by portable records and severity of complications in essential hypertension. Circulation 1966; 34: 279–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowlands D D, Ireland M A, Glover D R. The relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiographically assessed left ventricular hypertrophy. Clin Sci 1981; 61: 101–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greer I A. Ambulatory blood pressure in pregnancy: measurements and machines. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 100: 887–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Redman C WG, Beilin L J, Bonnar J. Variability of blood pressure in normal and abnormal pregnancy. Perspect Nephrol Hypertens 1976; 5: 53–60
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pickering T G, O'Brien E. Second international consensus meeting on 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement: consensus and conclusions. J Hypertens 1991; 9(8)S2–S6
   Google Scholar
• Shennan A H, Kissane J, de Swiet M. Validation of the Spacelabs 90207 ambulatory blood pressure monitor for use in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 100: 904–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Franx A, Van der Post J, Elfering I, Veerman D, Merkus H, Boerk, et al. Validation of automated blood pressure recording in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1994; 101: 66–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clarke S, Hofmeyr G J, Coats A JS, Redman C WG. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring during pregnancy: validation of the TM-2420 monitor. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77(1)152–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown M A, Adsett D. Automated blood pressure recording in pregnancy. J Clin Exp Hypertens Pregn 1991; B10: 7–19
   Google Scholar
• O'Brien E, Mee F, Atkins N, Halligan A, O'Malley K. Accuracy of the Spacelabs 90207 ambulatory blood pressure measuring system in normotensive pregnant women determined by the British Hypertension Society Protocol. J Hypertens 1993; 11(Suppl 5)S282–S283
   Google Scholar
• Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. American National Standard for Electronic or Automated Sphygmomanometers. AAMI, Washington, DC 1987
   Google Scholar
• O'Brien E, Petrie J, Littler W, de Swiet M, Padfield P L, O'Malley K, et al. The British Hypertension Society protocol for the evaluation of automated and semi-automated blood pressure measuring devices with special reference to ambulatory systems. J Hypertens 1993; 2(Suppl 2)543–62, (Update)
   Google Scholar
• Quinn M J. Blood pressure measurement in pregnancy. Lancet 1991; 338: 130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National high blood pressure education programme: working group report on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 163: 1689–1712
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organisation Study Group. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. World Health Organization, Geneva 1987, WHO Tech Rep Ser No. 758
   Google Scholar
• Petrie J C, O'Brien E T, Littler W A, de Swiet M. Recommendations of blood pressure measurement. BMJ 1986; 293: 611–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrie J C, O'Brien E T, Littler W A, de Swiet M, Padfield P L, Dillon M J. Recommendations of blood pressure management. 2nd ed. British Medical Association, London 1990
   Google Scholar
• de Swiet M. Blood pressure measurement in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 98: 239–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johenning A R, Barron W M. Indirect blood pressure measurement in pregnancy: Korotkoff phase IV versus phase V. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 167(3)577–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyman D, Goldshine A D. Blood pressure determination by patients with essential hypertension: the difference between clinic and home readings before treatment. Am J Med Sci 1940; 200: 465–74
   Google Scholar
• Pickering T G, James G D, Boddie C, Harshfield G A, Blank S, Laragh J H. How common is “white coat” hypertension. JAMA 1988; 259(2)225–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White W B. Assessment of patients with office hypertension by 24 hour noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Arch Intern Med 1986; 146: 2196–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickering T G. Clinic measurement of blood pressure and “white coat” hypertension in ambulatory monitoring and blood pressure variability. Sci Press. 1990; 7.1–7.14
   Google Scholar
• O'Brien E, Murphy J, Tindle A, Atkins N, Mee F, MacArthy G, et al. Twenty four hour ambulatory blood pressure in men and women aged 17 to 80 years. The Allied Irish Bank Study. J Hypertens 1991; 9: 355–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staessen J, Bulpitt C, O'Brien E, Cox J, Fagard R, Stanton A, et al. The diurnal blood pressure profile: a population study. Am J Hypertens 1992; 5: 386–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staessen J, Bulpitt C, Fagard R, Mancia G. Reference values for the ambulatory blood pressure and the blood pressure measured at home: a population study. J Hum Hypertens 1991; 5(5)355–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halligan A, O'Brien E, Walshe J, Darling M, O'Malley K. Clinical application of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in pregnancy. J Hypertens 1991; 9(8)S75–S77
   Google Scholar
• Halligan A, O'Brien E, O'Malley K, Mee F, Atkins N, Conroy R, et al. Twenty four hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement in a primigravid population. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 869–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Achiwa S, Imanishi Y, Kato J, Kato K, Tamuna K. Studies on the changes of blood pressure during pregnancy on healthy pregnant women. Am J Hypertens 1991; 4(5, II)1088
   Google Scholar
• Cugini P, Di Palma L, Bastisti P, Leeve G, Pachi A, Paesano R. Describing and interpreting blood pressure patterns in physiologic pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 166(1)54–60, (I)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Contard S, Chanudet X, Coisne D, Battistella P, Marichal J, Pitiot M, et al. Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in normal pregnancy. Am J Hypertens 1993; 6: 880–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churchill D, Beevers D GZ. Ambulatory blood pressure measurement versus office blood pressure readings throughout pregnancy. J Hypertens 1993, supplement
   Google Scholar
• Margulies M, Zin C, Margulies N D, Voto L S. Non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure control in normotensive pregnant women. Am J Hypertens 1989; 2: 924–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyle P M, Clark S J, Buckley D, Kissane J, Coats A JS, de Swiet M, et al. Second trimester ambulatory blood pressure in nulliparous pregnancy: a useful screening test for pre-eclampsia?. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 100: 914–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Swiet M. Blood pressure measurement in pregnancy. Handbook of Hypertension, E O'Brien, A O'Malley. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1991; v. 14: 139–47
   Google Scholar
• Page E W, Christianson R. The impact of mean arterial pressure in the middle trimester upon the outcome of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1976; 125: 740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Degaute J P, Vande Borne P, Kerkhofs M, Dramaix M, Linkowski P. Does noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring disturb sleep?. J Hypertens 1992; 10: 879–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murnaghan G A, Mitchell R H, Ruff S. Circadian variation of blood pressure in pregnancy. Pregnancy Hypertension, J Banner, I MacGillivray, E M Simmonds. MTP Press, Lancaster 1980; 107–12
   Google Scholar
• Redman C WG, Beilin L J, Bonnar J. Reversed diurnal blood pressure rhythm in hypertensive pregnancies. Clin Sci Mol Med 1976; 51: 687–9
   Google Scholar
• Werko L, Brody S. The blood pressure in toxaemia pregnancy. Spontaneous diurnal variability. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1953; 60: 180–5
   Google Scholar
• Murnaghan G A. Hypertension in pregnancy. Postgrad Med J 1976; 52(7)123–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruff S C, Mitchell R H, Murnaghan G A. Long term variations of blood pressure in normotensive pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertension. Proceedings of the Second Congress of the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy, M Samour, M Simmonds, F Zuspan, N El-Temi. Ain Sharms University Press, 1981; 129–43
   Google Scholar
• Beilin L J, Deakin J, Michael L A. Diurnal rhythms of blood pressure, plasmarenin activity, angiotensin II and catecholamines in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies. J Clin Exp Hypertens 1983; B,2: 271–93
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyamoto S, Shimokawa H, Sakai K, Matsumoto N, Nakono H. A possible explanation for nocturnal hypertension in pre-eclamptics. J Clin Exp Hypertens 1989, B,8: 495–506
   Google Scholar
• Sawyer M M, Lipshitz J, Anderson G D, Dilts P V, Halperin L. Diurnal and short-term variation of blood pressure: comparison of pre-eclamptic, chronic hypertensive and normotensive patients. Obstet Gynecol 1981; 58(3)291–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churchill D, Luesley D M, Beavers D G. A preliminary study of non-invasive 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in normal and abnormal pregnancy. J Hypertens 1991; 9(8)587–8
   Google Scholar
• Butters L, Kennedy S, Reid J L. Ambulatory blood pressure recording in pregnancy: preliminary findings. J Hypertens 1991; 9(8)589
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rath W, Schrader J, Guhlke U, Buhr-Schinner H, Haupt A, Kraemer A, et al. Twenty four hour blood pressure measurement in normal pregnancy and hypertensive pregnant patients. Klin Wochenschr 1990; 68(15)768–73
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moutquin J, Desmarais L, Home G, Bastide A, Burrau M, Fontaine J, et al. Proceedings of the VIIIth World Congress of Hypertension in Pregnancy, Buenos AiresArgentina, 1992
   Google Scholar
• O'Brien W F. Predicting pre-eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 1990; 75(31)445–52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Page E W, Christianson R. The impact of mean arterial pressure in the second trimester upon the outcome of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1976; 125: 740–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallery E D, Hunyor S N, Ross M, Gyory A Z. Predicting the development of pregnancy associated hypertension: the place of standardised blood pressure measurement. Lancet 1977; 1: 1273–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiss R E, O'Shaughnessy R W, Quilligan T J, Zuspan F P. Retrospective comparison of blood pressure course during pre-eclamptic and matched control pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987; 156: 894–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moutquin J M, Rainville C, Giroux L, Raynauld P, Amyot G, Bilodeau R, et al. Prospective study of blood pressure in pregnancy: prediction of pre-eclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 151: 191–206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villar M A, Sibai B M. Clinical significance of elevated mean arterial blood pressure in second trimester and threshold increase in systolic or diastolic blood pressure during the third trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989; 160: 419–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan J M, Lede R, Bergel E F. What does an elevated mean arterial pressure in the second half of pregnancy predict—gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia?. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 169(3)509–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowther C A, Bouwmeester A M, Ashurst H M. Does admission to hospital for bed rest prevent disease progression or improve fetal outcome in pregnancy complicated by non-proteinuric hypertension?. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992; 99: 13–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anthony J. Improving antenatal care: the role of the antenatal assessment unit. Health Trends 1992; 24: 123–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Twaddle S, Harper J. An economic evaluation of day care in the management of hypertension in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992; 99(6)459–63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Higgins J, Walshe J, Halligan A, O'Brien E, Conroy R, Darling M. Prediction of preeclampsia in primigravidae: the role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Proceedings of IXth International Congress of the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy. 1994; 252
   Google Scholar
• Dalton K J, Manning K, Roberts P J. Computerised home telemetry of maternal blood pressure in hypertensive pregnancy. Int J Biomed Comput 1987; 21: 175–87
   PubMedGoogle Scholar