The defense response and alcohol intake: A coronary artery disease risk? The SABPA Study

References

• Malan L, Malan NT, Wissing MP, Seedat YK. Coping with urbanization: a cardiometabolic risk? Biol Psych 2008;79:323–328.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seedat YK. Perspectives on research in hypertension. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2009;20:39–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasumi T, Jacobsen KH. Hypertension in South African adults: results of a nationwide survey. J Hypertens 2012;30:2098–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rooyen JM, Kruger HS, Huisman HW, Wissing MP, Margetts BM, Venter CS, et al. An epidemiological study of hypertension and its determinants in a population in transition: the THUSA study. J Hum Hypertens 2000;14:779–87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amirkhan JH. A factor analytically derived measure of coping: the coping strategy indicator. J Pers Soc Psychol 1990;59:1066–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozanski A, Kubzansky LD. Psychologic functioning and physical health: a paradigm of flexibility. Psychosom Med 2005;67 Suppl 1:S47–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry JP, Stephens PM, Ely DL. Psychosocial hypertension and the defense and defeat reactions. J Hypertens 1986;4:687–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malan L, Hamer M, Schlaich MP, Lambert G, Ziemssen T, Reimann M, et al. Defensive coping facilitates higher blood pressure and early sub-clinical structural vascular disease via alterations in heart rate variability: the SABPA study. Atherosclerosis 2013;227:391–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper ML, Russell M, Skinner JB, Frone MR, Mudar P. Stress and alcohol use: moderating effects of gender, coping, and alcohol expectancies. J Abnorm Psychol 1992;101:139–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltzer K, Davids A, Njuho P. Alcohol use and problem drinking in South Africa: findings from a national population-based survey. Afr J Psychiatry (Johannesbg) 2011;14:30–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brien SE, Ronksley PE, Turner BJ, Mukamal KJ, Ghali WA. Effect of alcohol consumption on biological markers associated with risk of coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies Brit Med J 2011;342:d636.
   Google Scholar
• Zilkens RR, Burke V, Watts G, Beilin LJ, Puddey IB. The effect of alcohol intake on insulin sensitivity in men. Diabetes Care 2003;26(3):608–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gronbaek M. The positive and negative health effects of alcohol- and the public health implications. J Intern Med 2009;265:407–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malan L, Hamer M, Frasure-Smith N, Steyn HS, Malan NT. Cohort profile: sympathetic activity and ambulatory blood pressure in Africans (SABPA) prospective cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2014 /10/27 ed2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohara K, Nishida W, Maguchi M, Hiwada K. Autonomic nervous function in non-dipper essential hypertensive subjects. Evaluation by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Hypertension 1995;26:808–14.
   Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, Bohm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Blood Press 2013;34:2159–219.
   Google Scholar
• Hayman DM, Xiao Y, Yao Q, Jiang Z, Lindsey ML, Han HC. Alterations in pulse pressure affect artery function. Cell Mol Bioeng 2012;5:474–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uen S, Baulmann J, Dusing R, Glanzer K, Vetter H, Mengden T. ST-segment depression in hypertensive patients is linked to elevations in blood pressure, pulse pressure and double product by 24-h Cardiotens monitoring. J Hypertens 2003;21:977–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastedt M, Buchner M, Rothe M, Gapert R, Herre S, Krumbiegel F, et al. Detecting alcohol abuse: traditional blood alcohol markers compared to ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) measurement in hair. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2013;9:471–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvis M, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Feyerabend C, Vesey C, Salloojee Y. Biochemical markers of smoke absorption and self reported exposure to passive smoking. J Epidemiol Community Health 1984;38:335–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosteller RD. Simplified calculation of body-surface area. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi I, Morishita Y, Imai K, Nakamura M, Nakachi K, Hayashi T. High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum. Mutat Res 2007;631:55–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweig MH, Campbell G. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clin Chem 1993;39:561–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pai JK, Pischon T, Ma J, Manson JE, Hankinson SE, Joshipura K, et al. Inflammatory markers and the risk of coronary heart disease in men and women. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2599–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malan L, Hamer M, Schlaich MP, Lambert GW, Harvey BH, Reimann M, et al. Facilitated defensive coping, silent ischaemia and ECG left-ventricular hypertrophy: the SABPA study. J Hypertens 2012;30:543–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malan L, Schutte AE, Malan NT, Wissing MP, Vorster HH, Steyn HS, et al. Coping mechanisms, perception of health and cardiovascular dysfunction in Africans. Int J Psychophysiol 2006;61:158–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rhenen W, Schaufeli WB, van Dijk FJ, Blonk RW. Coping and sickness absence. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2008;81:461–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheepers J, Malan L, De Kock A, Malan NT, Cockeran M, von Kanel R. Ethnic disparity in defensive coping endothelial responses: the SABPA study. Physiol Behav 2015;147:306–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han TS, Bijnen FC, Lean ME, Seidell JC. Separate associations of waist and hip circumference with lifestyle factors. Int J Epidemiol 1998;27:422–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamer M, Malan L, Schutte AE, Huisman HW, van Rooyen JM, Schutte R, et al. Conventional and behavioral risk factors explain differences in sub-clinical vascular disease between black and Caucasian South Africans: the SABPA study. Atherosclerosis 2011;215:237–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudielka BM, Bellingrath S, Hellhammer DH. Cortisol in burnout and vital exhaustion: an overview. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2006;28:34–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yasmin, McEniery CM, Wallace S, Mackenzie IS, Cockcroft JR, Wilkinson IB. C-reactive protein is associated with arterial stiffness in apparently healthy individuals. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004;24:969–74.
   Google Scholar
• Bau PF, Bau CH, Rosito GA, Manfroi WC, Fuchs FD. Alcohol consumption, cardiovascular health, and endothelial function markers. Alcohol 2007;41:479–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjorntorp P. Do stress reactions cause abdominal obesity and comorbidities? Obes Rev 2001;2:73–86.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Deventer CA, Lindeque JZ, Jansen van Rensburg PJ, Malan L, Van der Westhuizen FH, Louw R. Use of metabolomics to elucidate the metabolic perturbation associated with hypertension in a black South African male cohort: the SABPA Study. J Am Soc Hypertens 2015;9(2):104–14.
   Google Scholar
• Oota H, Pakstis AJ, Bonne-Tamir B, Goldman D, Grigorenko E, Kajuna SL, et al. The evolution and population genetics of the ALDH2 locus: random genetic drift, selection, and low levels of recombination. Ann Hum Genet 2004;68:93–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edenberg HJ. The genetics of alcohol metabolism: role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants. Alcohol Res Health 2007;30:5–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Porter, RS. The Merck manual of diagnosis and therapy. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.;2011.
   Google Scholar
• Flockhart DA, Tanus-Santos JE. Implications of cytochrome P450 interactions when prescribing medication for hypertension. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:405–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser AG. Pharmacokinetic interactions between alcohol and other drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997;33:79–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieber CS. Metabolism of alcohol. Clin Liver Dis 2005;9:1–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hamer M, Von Känel R, Reimann, Malan NT, Schutte AE, Huisman HW, Malan L. Progression of cardiovascular risk factors in black Africans: 3 year follow up of the SABPA cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2015;238(1):52–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A. Alcohol and its biomarkers: clinical aspects and laboratory determination. Clinical aspects and laboratory determination of biomarkers. 1st Edition, Elsevier; eBook; 2015, ISBN: 9780128004098. Pp312.
   Google Scholar