40
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Central Nervous System Noradrenergic Control of Sympathetic Outflow in Normotensive and Hypertensive Humans

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 409-423 | Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • Esler M., Lambert G., Jennings G. Increased regional sympathetic nervous activity in human hypertension: causes and consequences. J Hypertens. 1990; 8(Suppl 7)S53–S57
  • Esler M., Jennings G., Korner P., Willett I., Dudley F., Hasking G., Anderson W., Lambert G. Assessment of human sympathetic nervous system activity from measurements of norepinephrine turnover. Hypertension. 1988; 11: 3–20
  • Anderson E. A., Sinkey C. A., Lawton W. J., Mark A. L. Elevated sympathetic nerve activity in borderline hypertensive humans. Hypertension. 1989; 14: 177–183
  • Yamada Y., Miyajima E., Tochikubo O., Matsukawa T., Ishii M. Age-related changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1989; 13: 870–877
  • Huangfu D., Koshiya N., Guyenet P. A5 noradrenergic unit activity and sympathetic nerve discharge in rats. Am J Physiol. 1991; 261: R393–R402
  • Huangfu D., Hwang L.-J., Riley T. A., Guyenet P. Splanchnic nerve responses to A5 area stimulation in rats. Am J Physiol. 1992; 263: R437–R446, (Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol. 32)
  • Singewald N., Philippu A. Catecholamine release in the locus coeruleus is modified by experimenntally induced changes in haemodynamics. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol. 1993; 347: 21–27
  • Koepke J. P., Jones S., DiBona G. F. A2-adrenoceptors in amygdala control renal sympathetic nerve activity and renal function in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res. 1987; 404: 80–88
  • Tibirica E., Feldman J., Bousquet P. Contribution of catecholaminergic neurons of the dorsomedial and ventrolateral medulla oblongata to the hypotensive effect of clonidine in spontaneously hypertensive rats: in vivo voltammetric studies. J Hypertens. 1992; 10: 1327–1334
  • Qualy J. M., Westfall T. C. Age-dependent overflow of endogenous norepinephrine from paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus of hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol. 1993; 265: H39–H46
  • Esler M., Jennings G., Lambert G., Meredith I., Horne M., Eisenhofer G. Overflow of catecholamine neurotransmitters to the circulation: Source, fate, and functions. Physiol Reviews. 1990; 70: 963–985
  • Eide I., Kolloch R., De Quattro V., Miano L., Dugger R., Van der Meulen J. Raised cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine in some patients with primary hypertension. Hypertension. 1979; 1: 255–260
  • Glowinski J., Kopin I. J., Axelrod J. Metabolism of [3H] norepinephrine in the rat brain. J Neurochem. 1965; 12: 25–30
  • Hardebo J. E., Owman C. H. Characterization of the in vitro uptake of monoamines into brain microvessels. Acta Physiol Scand. 1980; 108: 223–229
  • Svenssen T. H, Usdin T. Feedback inhibition of brain noradrenaline neurons by tricyclic antidepressant: α-receptor mediation. Science 1978; 8: 1089–1091
  • Ferrier C., Esler M. D., Eisenhofer G., Wallin B. G., Horne M., Cox H. S., Lambert G., Jennings G. Increased norepinephrine spillover into the jugular veins in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1992; 19: 62–69
  • Ferrier C., Jennings G. L., Eisenhofer G., Lambert G., Cox H., Kalff V., Kelly M., Esler M. D. Evidence for increased noradrenaline release from subcortical brain regions in essential hypertension. J Hypertens. 1993; 11: 1217–1227
  • Esler M., Meredith I. Responses of the human sympathetic nervous system to stressors Stress and Reproduction. Ares Symposium Publications, K. E. Sheppard, J. H. Boublik, J. W. Funder. Raven Press, New York 1992; Volume 86: 19–30
  • Lambert G. W., Ferrier C., Kaye D. M., Kalff V., Kelly M. J., Cox H. S., Turner A. G., Jennings G. L., Esler M. D. Monoaminergic neuronal activity in subcortical brain regions in essential hypertension. Blood Pressure, In press
  • Lambert G. W., Eisenhofer G., Cox H. S., Horne M., Kalff V., Kelly M., Jennings G. L., Esler M. D. Direct determination of homovanillic acid release from the human brain, an indicator of central dopaminergic activity. Life Sci. 1991; 49: 1061–1072
  • Dahlstrom A., Fuxe K. Evidence for existence of monoamine-containing neurones in the central nervous system I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurones. Acta Physiol Scand. 1964; 232(Suppl)1–55
  • Chalmers J. P. Brain amines and models of experimental hypertension. Circ Res. 1975; 36: 469–480
  • Foote S. L., Bloom F. E., Aston-Jones G. Nucleus coeruleus: New evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity. Physiol Rev. 1983; 63: 844–914
  • Fleetwood-Walker S. M., Coote J. H. The contribution of brain stem catecholamine cell groups to the innervation of the lateral cell column. Brain Res. 1981; 205: 141–155
  • Sakai K., Yoshimoto Y., Luppu P. H., Fort P., El Mansari M, Salvert D., Jouvet M. Lower brainstem afferents to the cat posterior hypothalamus: a double-labeling study. Brain Res Bull. 1990; 24: 437–455
  • Chalmers J., Pilowsky P. Brainstem and bulbospinal neurotransmitter system in the control of blood pressure. J Hypertens. 1991; 9: 675–694
  • Folkow B. Physiological aspects of primary hypertension. Physiol Rev. 1982; 62: 347–504
  • Perini C, Muller F. B., Rauchfleisch U., Battegay R., Hobi V., Buhler F. R. Psychosomatic factors in borderline hypertensive subjects and offspring of hypertensive parents. Hypertension. 1990; 16: 627–634

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.