Effective NET formation in neutrophils from individuals with G6PD Taiwan-Hakka is associated with enhanced NADP⁺ biosynthesis

References

• Nathan C. Neutrophils and immunity: challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Immunol 2006;6:173–182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkmann V, Reichard U, Goosmann C, Fauler B, Uhlemann Y, Weiss DS, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria. Science 2004;303:1532–1535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Logters T, Margraf S, Altrichter J, Cinatl J, Mitzner S, Windolf J, Scholz M. The clinical value of neutrophil extracellular traps. Med Microbiol Immunol 2009;198:211–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papayannopoulos V, Zychlinsky A. NETs: a new strategy for using old weapons. Trends Immunol 2009;30:513–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs TA, Abed U, Goosmann C, Hurwitz R, Schulze I, Wahn V, et al. Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps. J Cell Biol 2007;176:231–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Kockritz-Blickwede M, Goldmann O, Thulin P, Heinemann K, Norrby-Teglund A, Rohde M, Medina E. Phagocytosis-independent antimicrobial activity of mast cells by means of extracellular trap formation. Blood 2008;111:3070–3080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urban CF, Reichard U, Brinkmann V, Zychlinsky A. Neutrophil extracellular traps capture and kill Candida albicans yeast and hyphal forms. Cell Microbiol 2006;8:668–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkmann V, Zychlinsky A. Beneficial suicide: Why neutrophils die to make NETs. Nat Rev Microbiol 2007;5:577–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guimaraes-Costa AB, Nascimento MT, Froment GS, Soares RP, Morgado FN, Conceicao-Silva F, Saraiva EM. Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes induce and are killed by neutrophil extracellular traps. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009;106:6748–6753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchanan JT, Simpson AJ, Aziz RK, Liu GY, Kristian SA, Kotb M, et al. DNase expression allows the pathogen group A Streptococcus to escape killing in neutrophil extracellular traps. Curr Biol 2006;16:396–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta AK, Hasler P, Holzgreve W, Gebhardt S, Hahn S. Induction of neutrophil extracellular DNA lattices by placental microparticles and IL-8 and their presence in preeclampsia. Hum Immunol 2005;66:1146–1154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessenbrock K, Krumbholz M, Schonermarck U, Back W, Gross WL, Werb Z, et al. Netting neutrophils in autoimmune small-vessel vasculitis. Nat Med 2009;15:623–625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yousefi S, Gold JA, Andina N, Lee JJ, Kelly AM, Kozlowski E, et al. Catapult-like release of mitochondrial DNA by eosinophils contributes to antibacterial defense. Nat Med 2008;14:949–953.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Kichik V, Mondragon-Flores R, Mondragon-Castelan M, Gonzalez-Pozos S, Muniz-Hernandez S, Rojas-Espinosa O, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps are induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2009;89:29–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcos V, Zhou Z, Yildirim AO, Bohla A, Hector A, Vitkov L, et al. CXCR2 mediates NADPH oxidase-independent neutrophil extracellular trap formation in cystic fibrosis airway inflammation. Nat Med 2010;16:1018–1023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakkim A, Furnrohr BG, Amann K, Laube B, Abed UA, Brinkmann V, et al. Impairment of neutrophil extracellular trap degradation is associated with lupus nephritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010;107:9813–9818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remijsen Q, Kuijpers TW, Wirawan E, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Vanden Berghe T. Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality. Cell Death Differ 2011;18:581–588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remijsen Q, Vanden Berghe T, Wirawan E, Asselbergh B, Parthoens E, De Rycke R, et al. Neutrophil extracellular trap cell death requires both autophagy and superoxide generation. Cell Res 2011;21:290–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakkim A, Fuchs TA, Martinez NE, Hess S, Prinz H, Zychlinsky A, Waldmann H. Activation of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway is required for neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Nat Chem Biol 2011;7:75–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yost CC, Cody MJ, Harris ES, Thornton NL, McInturff AM, Martinez ML, et al. Impaired neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation: A novel innate immune deficiency of human neonates. Blood 2009;113:6419–6427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho HY, Cheng ML, Chiu DT. G6PD–an old bottle with new wine. Chang Gung Med J 2005;28:606–612.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheng ML, Ho HY, Wu YH, Chiu DT. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient cells show an increased propensity for oxidant-induced senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 36:580–591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho HY, Cheng ML, Chiu DT. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase–from oxidative stress to cellular functions and degenerative diseases. Redox Report 2007;12:109–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao LP, Cheng ML, Chou HJ, Yang YH, Ho HY, Chiu DT. Ineffective GSH regeneration enhances G6PD-knockdown Hep G2 cell sensitivity to diamide-induced oxidative damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2009;47:529–535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng ML, Ho HY, Liang CM, Chou YH, Stern A, Lu FJ, Chiu DT. Cellular glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status modulates the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on human foreskin fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 2000;475:257–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin CJ, Ho HY, Cheng ML, You TH, Yu JS, Chiu DT. Impaired dephosphorylation renders G6PD-knockdown HepG2 cells more susceptible to H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2010;49:361–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper MR, DeChatelet LR, McCall CE, LaVia MF, Spurr CL, Baehner RL. Complete deficiency of leukocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase with defective bactericidal activity. J Clin Invest 1972;51:769–778.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• English D, Andersen BR. Single-step separation of red blood cells. Granulocytes and mononuclear leukocytes on discontinuous density gradients of Ficoll-Hypaque. J Immunol Methods 1974;5:249–252.
   Google Scholar
• Aga E, Katschinski DM, van Zandbergen G, Laufs H, Hansen B, Muller K, et al. Inhibition of the spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophil granulocytes by the intracellular parasite Leishmania major. J Immunol 2002;169:898–905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang CS, Hung KL, Huang MJ, Li YC, Liu TH, Tang TK. Neonatal jaundice and molecular mutations in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient newborn infants. Am J Hematol 1996;51:19–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho HY, Cheng ML, Shiao MS, Chiu DT. Characterization of global metabolic responses of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient hepatoma cells to diamide-induced oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2013;54:71–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak N, Niere M, Ziegler M. NAD kinase levels control the NADPH concentration in human cells. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:33562–33571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark RA, Nauseef WM. Isolation and functional analysis of neutrophils. Curr Protoc Immunol 2001;Chapter 7:Unit 7.23.
   Google Scholar
• Azad MB, Chen Y, Gibson SB. Regulation of autophagy by reactive oxygen species (ROS): implications for cancer progression and treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009;11: 777–790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherz-Shouval R, Elazar Z. Regulation of autophagy by ROS: physiology and pathology. Trends Biochem Sci 2011; 36:30–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arruda MA, Barja-Fidalgo C. NADPH oxidase activity: In the crossroad of neutrophil life and death. Front Biosci 2009;14:4546–4556.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amulic B, Cazalet C, Hayes GL, Metzler KD, Zychlinsky A. Neutrophil function: from mechanisms to disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2012;30:459–489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hattori H, Subramanian KK, Sakai J, Luo HR. Reactive oxygen species as signaling molecules in neutrophil chemotaxis. Commun Integr Biol 2010;3:278–281.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de la Vega L, Grishina I, Moreno R, Kruger M, Braun T, Schmitz ML. A redox-regulated SUMO/acetylation switch of HIPK2 controls the survival threshold to oxidative stress. Mol Cell 2012;46:472–483.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Circu ML, Maloney RE, Aw TY. Disruption of pyridine nucleotide redox status during oxidative challenge at normal and low-glucose states: implications for cellular adenosine triphosphate, mitochondrial respiratory activity, and reducing capacity in colon epithelial cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:2151–2162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu DT, Zuo L, Chao L, Chen E, Louie E, Lubin B, et al. Molecular characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in patients of Chinese descent and identification of new base substitutions in the human G6PD gene. Blood 1993;81:2150–2154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr AC, Winterbourn CC. Oxidation of neutrophil glutathione and protein thiols by myeloperoxidase-derived hypochlorous acid. Biochem J 1997;327:275–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roos D, van Zwieten R, Wijnen JT, Gomez-Gallego F, de Boer M, Stevens D, et al. Molecular basis and enzymatic properties of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase volendam, leading to chronic nonspherocytic anemia, granulocyte dysfunction, and increased susceptibility to infections. Blood 1999;94:2955–2962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Bruggen R, Bautista JM, Petropoulou T, de Boer M, van Zwieten R, Gomez-Gallego F, et al. Deletion of leucine 61 in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase leads to chronic nonspherocytic anemia, granulocyte dysfunction, and increased susceptibility to infections. Blood 2002;100:1026–1030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agudelo-Florez P, Costa-Carvalho BT, Lopez JA, Redher J, Newburger PE, Olalla-Saad ST, Condino-Neto A. Association of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and X-linked chronic granulomatous disease in a child with anemia and recurrent infections. Am J Hematol 2004;75: 151–156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ardati KO, Bajakian KM, Tabbara KS. Effect of glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on neutrophil function. Acta Haematol 1997;97:211–215.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wolach B, Ashkenazi M, Grossmann R, Gavrieli R, Friedman Z, Bashan N, Roos D. Diurnal fluctuation of leukocyte G6PD activity. A possible explanation for the normal neutrophil bactericidal activity and the low incidence of pyogenic infections in patients with severe G6PD deficiency in Israel. Pediatr Res 2004;55:807–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asghar AH, Ardati KO, Tabbara KS, Bajakian KM. Bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in individuals severely deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Ann Saudi Med 1998;18:363–365.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar