Thiomer nanoparticles: Stabilization via covalent cross-linking

References

• Artursson, P., Lindmark, T., Davis, S.S., Illum, L. (1994). Effect of chitosan on the permeability of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Pharm Res. 11:1358–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2000). Mucoadhesive polymers. In: Dumitriu, S., ed. Polymeric biomaterials. New York: Marcel Dekker, 147–65.
   Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2005). Thiomers: A new generation of mucoadhesive polymers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 57:1569–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Freudl, J. (1999). Comparative in vitro study of different chitosan-complexing agent conjugates. Pharmazie 54:369–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Guggi, D., Pinter, Y. (2004). Thiolated chitosans: Development and in vitro evaluation of a mucoadhesive, permeation enhancing oral drug delivery system. J Contr Rel. 94:177–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Heinrich, A., Greimel, A. (2006a). Development of a novel method for the preparation of submicron particles based on thiolated chitosan. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 63:166–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Schwarz, V., Steininger, S. (1999). Polymers with thiol groups: A new generation of mucoadhesive polymers? Pharm Res. 16:876–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Steininger, S. (2000). Synthesis and characterisation of mucoadhesive thiolated polymers. Int J Pharm. 194:239–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Weithaler, A., Albrecht, K., Greimel, A. (2006b). Thiomers: Preparation and in vitro evaluation of a mucoadhesive nanoparticulate drug delivery system. Int J Pharm. 317:76–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Csaba, N., Koping-Hoggard, M., Alonso, M.J. (2009). Ionically crosslinked chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles for oligonucleotide and plasmid DNA delivery. Int J Pharm. 382:205–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhawan, S., Singla, A.K., Sinha, V.R. (2004). Evaluation of mucoadhesive properties of chitosan microspheres prepared by different methods. AAPS PharmSciTech. 5:e67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Getz, E.B., Xiao, M., Chakrabarty, T., Cooke, R., Selvin, P.R. (1999). A comparison between the sulfhydryl reductants tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and dithiothreitol for use in protein biochemistry. Anal Biochem. 273:73–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grabovac, V., Guggi, D., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2005). Comparison of the mucoadhesive properties of various polymers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 57:1713–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greimel, A., Werle, M., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2007). Oral peptide delivery: In-vitro evaluation of thiolated alginate/poly(acrylic acid) microparticles. J Pharm Pharmacol. 59:1191–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greindl, M. (2008). Oral drug delivery: Design and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of novel permeation enhancers and efflux pump inhibitors. Innsbruck: University of Innsbruck.
   Google Scholar
• Groll, J., Singh, S., Albrecht, K., Moeller, M. (2009). Biocompatible and degradable nanogels via oxidation reactions of synthetic thiomers in inverse miniemulsion. J Polym Sci Part A-Polym Chem. 47:5543–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, B., Pan, C., Sun, Y., Hou, Z., Ye, H., Zeng, X. (2008). Optimization of fabrication parameters to produce chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles for delivery of tea catechins. J Agric Food Chem. 56:7451–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kafedjiiski, K., Foger, F., Hoyer, H., Bernkop-Schnürch, A., Werle, M. (2007). Evaluation of in vitro enzymatic degradation of various thiomers and cross-linked thiomers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 33:199–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kast, C.E., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2001). Thiolated polymers–thiomers: Development and in vitro evaluation of chitosan-thioglycolic acid conjugates. Biomaterials. 2:2345–52.
   Google Scholar
• LaVan, D.A., Mcguire, T., Langer, R. (2003). Small-scale systems for in vivo drug delivery. Nat Biotechnol. 21:1184–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Leon, T., Carvalho, E.L., Seijo, B., Ortega-Vinuesa, J.L., Bastos-Gonzalez, D. (2005). Physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles: Electrokinetic and stability behavior. J Colloid Interface Sci. 283:344–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luessen, H.L., De Leeuw, B.J., Langemeyer, M.W., De Boer, A.B., Verhoef, J.C., Jinginger, H.E. (1996). Mucoadhesive polymers in peroral peptide drug delivery. VI. Carbomer and chitosan improve the intestinal absorption of the peptide drug buserelin in vivo. Pharm Res. 13:1668–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mi, F.L., Shyu, S.S., Lee, S.T., Wong, T.B. (1999). Kinetic study of chitosan-tripolyphosphate complex reaction and acid-resistive properties of the chitosan-tripolyphosphate gel beads prepared by in-liquid curing method. J Polym Sci Part B-Polym Phys. 37:1551–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, Y., Li, Y.J., Zhao, H.Y., Zheng, J.M., Xu, H., Wei, G., Hao, J.S., Cui, F.D. (2002). Bioadhesive polysaccharide in protein delivery system: Chitosan nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin in vivo. Int J Pharm. 249:139–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roldo, M., Hornof, M., Caliceti, P., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2004). Mucoadhesive thiolated chitosans as platforms for oral controlled drug delivery: Synthesis and in vitro evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 57:115–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salata, O. (2004). Applications of nanoparticles in biology and medicine. J Nanobiotechnol. 2:3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmitz, T., Bravo-Osuna, I., Vauthier, C., Ponchel, G., Loretz, B., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2007). Development and in vitro evaluation of a thiomer-based nanoparticulate gene delivery system. Biomaterials 28:524–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitz, T., Grabovac, V., Palmberger, T.F., Hoffer, M.H., Bernkop-Schnürch, A. (2008). Synthesis and characterization of a chitosan-N-acetyl cysteine conjugate. Int J Pharm. 347:79–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Oh, M., Allen, C., Kumacheva, E. (2004). Monodisperse chitosan nanoparticles for mucosal drug delivery. Biomacromolecules. 5:2461–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar