References
- Arbit E. (2004). The physiological rationale for oral insulin administration. Diabetes Technol Ther 6:510–17
- Artursson P, Lindmark T, Davis SS, Illum L. (1994). Effect of chitosan on the permeability of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Pharm Res 11:1358–61
- Ashford M, Fell JT. (1994). Targeting drugs to the colon: delivery systems for oral administration. J Drug Target 2:241–58
- Bakhru SH, Furtado S, Morello AP, Mathiowitz E. (2013). Oral delivery of proteins by biodegradable nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 65:811–21
- Bayat A, Dorkoosh FA, Dehpour AR, et al. (2008). Nanoparticles of quaternized chitosan derivatives as a carrier for colon delivery of insulin: ex vivo and in vivo studies. Int J Pharm 356:259–66
- Bernkop-Schnürch A, Dünnhaupt S. (2012). Chitosan-based drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 81:463–9
- Bonferoni MC, Sandri G, Rossi S, et al. (2009). Chitosan and its salts for mucosal and transmucosal delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 6:923–39
- Chauhan A, Tikoo A, Kapur AK, Singh M. (2007). The taming of the cell penetrating domain of the HIV Tat: myths and realities. J Control Release 117:148–62
- Chen MC, Sonaje K, Chen KJ, Sung HW. (2011). A review of the prospects for polymeric nanoparticle platforms in oral insulin delivery. Biomaterials 32:9826–38
- Chen F, Zhang ZR, Yuan F, et al. (2008). In vitro and in vivo study of N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles for oral protein delivery. Int J Pharm 349:226–33
- Cui FD, Shi K, Zhang LQ, et al. (2006). Biodegradable nanoparticles loaded with insulin–phospholipid complex for oral delivery: preparation, in vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation. J Control Release 114:242–50
- Damgé C, Maincent P, Ubrich N. (2007). Oral delivery of insulin associated to polymeric nanoparticles in diabetic rats. J Control Release 117:163–70
- Ensign LM, Cone R, Hanes J. (2012). Oral drug delivery with polymeric nanoparticles: the gastrointestinal mucus barriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:557–70
- Ergün EL, Ercan MT, Selek H, et al. (2000). Evaluation of 99mTc labelled poly lactic acid microspheres for diagnostic radioembolization. J Microencapsul 17:509–18
- Foged C, Nielsen HM. (2008). Cell-penetrating peptides for drug delivery across membrane barriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 5:105–17
- Gulbake A, Jain SK. (2012). Chitosan: a potential polymer for colon-specific drug delivery system. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 9:713–29
- Hällbrink M, Florén A, Elmquist A, et al. (2001). Cargo delivery kinetics of cell-penetrating peptides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1515:101–9
- Haupt S, Rubinstein A. (2002). The colon as a possible target for orally administered peptide and protein drugs. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 19:499–551
- He B, Lin P, Jia ZR, et al. (2013). The transport mechanisms of polymer nanoparticles in Caco-2 epithelial cells. Biomaterials 34:6082–98
- Hejazi R, Amiji M. (2003). Chitosan-based gastrointestinal delivery systems. J Control Release 89:151–65
- Iyer H, Khedkar A, Verma M. (2010). Oral insulin – a review of current status. Diabetes Obes Metab 12:179–85
- Jin Y, Song YP, Zhu X, et al. (2012). Goblet cell-targeting nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery and the influence of mucus on insulin transport. Biomaterials 33:1573–82
- Johnson RM, Harrison SD, Maclean D. (2011). Therapeutic applications of cell-penetrating peptides. Methods Mol Biol 683:535–51
- Kamei N, Morishita M, Eda Y, et al. (2008). Usefulness of cell-penetrating peptides to improve intestinal insulin absorption. J Control Release 132:21–5
- Kamei N, Onuki Y, Takayama K, Takeda-Morishita M. (2013). Mechanistic study of the uptake/permeation of cell-penetrating peptides across a Caco-2 monolayer and their stimulatory effect on epithelial insulin transport. J Pharm Sci 102:3998–4008
- Kaplan IM, Wadia JS, Dowdy SF. (2005). Cationic TAT peptide transduction domain enters cells by macropinocytosis. J Control Release 102:247–53
- Kararli TT. (1995). Comparison of the gastrointestinal anatomy physiology, and biochemistry of humans and commonly used laboratory animals. Biopharm Drug Dispos 16:351–80
- Khafagy El-S, Morishita M. (2012). Oral biodrug delivery using cell-penetrating peptide. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:531–9
- Khafagy El-S, Morishita M, Onuki Y, Takayama K. (2007). Current challenges in non-invasive insulin delivery systems: a comparative review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 59:1521–46
- Koren E, Torchilin VP. (2012). Cell-penetrating peptides: breaking through to the other side. Trends Mol Med 18:385–92
- Kotzé AF, Lueβen HL, De Leeuw BJ, et al. (1997). N-Trimethyl chitosan chloride as a potential absorption enhancer across mucosal surfaces: in vitro evaluation in intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Pharm Res 14:1197–202
- Liu XL, Liu C, Zhang WJ, et al. (2013). Oligoarginine-modified biodegradable nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin. Int J Pharm 448:159–67
- Maroni A, Zema L, Del Curto MD, et al. (2012). Oral colon delivery of insulin with the aid of functional adjuvants. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:540–56
- Masaoka Y, Tanaka Y, Kataoka M, et al. (2006). Site of drug absorption after oral administration: assessment of membrane permeability and luminal concentration of drugs in each segment of gastrointestinal tract. Eur J Pharm Sci 29:240–50
- McGirr ME, McAllister SM, Peters EE, et al. (2009). The use of the InteliSite® companion device to deliver mucoadhesive polymers to the dog colon. Eur J Pharm Sci 36:386–91
- Milletti F. (2012). Cell-penetrating peptides: classes, origin, and current landscape. Drug Discov Today 17:850–60
- Patel MM. (2011). Cutting-edge technologies in colon-targeted drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 8:1247–58
- Patel MM. (2013). Colon targeting: an emerging frontier for oral insulin delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 10:731–9
- Peppas NA, Kavimandan NJ. (2006). Nanoscale analysis of protein and peptide absorption: insulin absorption using complexation and pH-sensitive hydrogels as delivery vehicles. Eur J Pharm Sci 29:183–97
- Philip AK, Philip B. (2010). Colon targeted drug delivery systems: a review on primary and novel approaches. Oman Med J 25:70–8
- Polyák A, Hajdu I, Bodnár M, et al. (2013). 99mTc-labelled nanosystem as tumour imaging agent for SPECT and SPECT/CT modalities. Int J Pharm 449:10–17
- Reissmann S. (2014). Cell penetration: scope and limitations by the application of cell-penetrating peptides. J Pept Sci 20:760–84
- Rekha MR, Sharma CP. (2013). Oral delivery of therapeutic protein/peptide for diabetes – future perspectives. Int J Pharm 440:48–62
- Santra S, Yang H, Stanley JT, et al. (2005). Rapid and effective labeling of brain tissue using TAT-conjugated CdS: Mn/ZnS quantum dots. Chem Commun 25:3144–6
- Shelma R, Sharma CP. (2011). Submicroparticles composed of amphiphilic chitosan derivative for oral insulin and curcumin release applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 88:722–8
- Shi CM, Zhu Y, Ran XZ, et al. (2006). Therapeutic potential of chitosan and its derivatives in regenerative medicine. J Surg Res 133:185–92
- Sinha VR, Singh A, Kumar RV, et al. (2007). Oral colon-specific drug delivery of protein and peptide drugs. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 24:63–92
- Skyler JS. (2007). Prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes: progress, problems and prospects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 81:768–71
- Soane RJ, Frier M, Perkins AC, et al. (1999). Evaluation of the clearance characteristics of bioadhesive systems in humans. Int J Pharm 178:55–65
- Subramanian S, Pandey U, Gugulothu D, et al. (2013). Modification of PLGA nanoparticles for improved properties as a 99mTc-labeled agent in sentinel lymph node detection. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 28:598–606
- Torchilin VP. (2008). Tat peptide-mediated intracellular delivery of pharmaceutical nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 60:548–58
- Trehan A, Ali A. (1998). Recent approaches in insulin delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 24:589–97
- Tréhin R, Krauss U, Beck-Sickinger AG, et al. (2004). Cellular uptake but low permeation of human calcitonin-derived cell penetrating peptides and Tat (47–57) through well-differentiated epithelial models. Pharm Res 21:1248–56
- Van den Mooter GV. (2006). Colon drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 3:111–25
- Van der Merwe SM, Verhoef JC, Verheijden JHM, et al. (2004). Trimethylated chitosan as polymeric absorption enhancer for improved peroral delivery of peptide drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 58:225–35
- Varum FJO, McConnell EL, Sousa JJS, et al. (2008). Mucoadhesion and the gastrointestinal tract. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 25:207–58
- Verheul RJ, Amidi M, Van der Wal S, et al. (2008). Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biological properties of O-methyl free N,N,N-trimethylated chitosan. Biomaterials 29:3642–9
- Wang FH, Wang Y, Zhang X, et al. (2014). Recent progress of cell-penetrating peptides as new carriers for intracellular cargo delivery. J Control Release 174:126–36
- Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, et al. (2004). Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 27:1047–53
- Yang LB, Chu JS, Fix JA. (2002). Colon-specific drug delivery: new approaches and in vitro/in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 235:1–15
- Yin LC, Ding JY, He CB, et al. (2009). Drug permeability and mucoadhesion properties of thiolated trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles in oral insulin delivery. Biomaterials 30:5691–700
- Zhang H, Alsarra IA, Neau SH. (2002). An in vitro evaluation of a chitosan-containing multiparticulate system for macromolecule delivery to the colon. Int J Pharm 239:197–205
- Zhang C, Ding Y, Ping QN, Yu LL. (2006). Novel chitosan-derived nanomaterials and their micelle-forming properties. J Agric Food Chem 54:8409–16
- Zhang XY, Sun MZ, Zheng AP, et al. (2012). Preparation and characterization of insulin-loaded bioadhesive PLGA nanoparticles for oral administration. Eur J Pharm Sci 45:632–8
- Zhang P, Zhang XZ, Brown J, et al. (2010). Global healthcare expenditure on diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 87:293–301