HIV Prevalence and Risk Among Heterosexual Methamphetamine Injectors in California

REFERENCES

• Bateson, N., & Hunter, P. (1991). The use of computer assisted personal interviewing for official British surveys. Survey Methodology Bulletin, 28, 26–33.
   Google Scholar
• Bluthenthal, R. N., Heinzerling, K., Anderson, R., Flynn, N. M., & Kral, A. H. (2008). Approval of syringe exchange programs in California: Results from a local approach to HIV prevention. American Journal of Public Health, 98, 278–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluthenthal, R. N., Ridgeway, G., Schell, T., Anderson, R., Flynn, N. M., & Kral, A. H. (2007). Examination of the association between syringe exchange program (SEP) dispensation policy and SEP client-level syringe coverage among injection drug users. Addiction, 102(4), 638–646.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boddiger, D. (2005). Metamphetamine use linked to rising HIV transmission. Lancet, 365(9466), 1217–1218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogart, L. M., Kral, A. H., Scott, A., Anderson, R., Flynn, N., Gilbert, M. L., (2005). Sexual risk among injection drug users recruited from syringe exchange programs in California. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 32(1), 27–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braine, N., Des Jarlais, D. C., Goldblatt, C., Zadoretzky, C., & Turner, C. (2005). HIV risk behavior among amphetamine injectors at U.S. syringe exchange programs. AIDS Education and Prevention, 17(6), 515–524.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brecht, M. L., O'Brien, A., von Mayrhauser, C., & Anglin, M. D. (2004). Methamphetamine use behaviors and gender differences. Addictive Behaviors, 29(1), 89–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter, C. L., Longshore, D., Annon, K., Annon, J. J., & Anglin, M. D. (1999). Prevalence of HIV-1 among recent arrestees in Los Angeles County, California: Serial cross-sectional study, 1991–1995. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 21(2), 172–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control. (1989). Interpretation and use of the western blot assay for serodiagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 38(Suppl 7), 1–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control. (2006). Methamphetamine use and HIV risk behaviors among heterosexual men—preliminary results from five northern California counties, December 2001–November 2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 55(10), 273–277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chesney, M. A., Koblin, B. A., Barresi, P. J., Husnik, M. J., Celum, C. L., Colfax, G., (2003). An individually tailored intervention for HIV prevention: Baseline data from the EXPLORE Study. American Journal of Public Health, 93(6), 933–938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colfax, G., Coates, T. J., Husnik, M. J., Huang, Y., Buchbinder, S., Koblin, B., (2005). Longitudinal patterns of methamphetamine, popper (amyl nitrite), and cocaine use and high-risk sexual behavior among a cohort of San Francisco men who have sex with men. Journal of Urban Health, 82(Suppl 1), i62–i70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colfax, G., & Shoptaw, S. (2005). The methamphetamine epidemic: Implications for HIV prevention and treatment. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 2(4), 194–199.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Colfax, G. N., Mansergh, G., Guzman, R., Vittinghoff, E., Marks, G., Rader, M., (2001). Drug use and sexual risk behavior among gay and bisexual men who attend circuit parties: A venue-based comparison. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 28(4), 373–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costigan, P., & Thomson, K. (1992). In A. Westlake, R. Banks, O. Payne, & T. Orchard (Eds.), Issues in the design of CAPI questionnaires for complex surveys. London: North Holland.
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, R. J., Childers, M. E., Cherner, M., Lazzaretto, D., Letendre, S., & Grant, I. (2003). Increased human immunodeficiency virus loads in active methamphetamine users are explained by reduced effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 188(12), 1820–1826.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, D. G., Reynolds, G. L., Jaffe, A., & Perez, M. J. (2006). Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection among injection drug users in Los Angeles County, California. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 25(2), 25–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garfein, R. S., Monterroso, E. R., Tong, T. C., Vlahov, D., Des Jarlais, D. C., Selwyn, P., (2004). Comparison of HIV infection risk behaviors among injection drug users from East and West Coast US cities. Journal of Urban Health, 81(2), 260–267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorman, M., & Halkitis, P. (2003). Methamphetamine and club drug use and HIV. Focus, 18(7), 5–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Granade, T. C., Philips, S. K. Parekh, B., Gomez, P., Kitson-Piggott, W., Oleander, H., (1998). Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in oral fluids: A large-scale evaluation of immunoassay performance. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 5(2), 171–175.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirshfield, S., Remien, R. H., Walavalkar, I., & Chiasson, M. A. (2004). Crystal methamphetamine use predicts incident STD infection among men who have sex with men recruited online: A nested case-control study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(4), e41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kral, A. H., Anderson, R., Flynn, N. M., & Bluthenthal, R. N. (2004). Injection risk behaviors among clients of syringe exchange programs with different syringe dispensation policies. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 37(2), 1307–1312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kral, A. H., & Bluthenthal, R. N. (2003). What is it about needle and syringe programs that make them effective for preventing HIV transmission? International Journal of Drug Policy, 14, 361–363.
   Google Scholar
• Kral, A. H., Bluthenthal, R. N., Lorvick, J., Gee, L., Bacchetti, P., & Edlin, B. R. (2001). Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injection drug users in San Francisco, USA: Risk-factor analysis. Lancet, 357(9266), 1397–1401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krawczyk, C. S., Molitor, F., Dahlgren, C., Stopka, T., & Truax, S. R. (2006). Examining risk behaviors, partner characteristics and HIV prevalence, by use of methamphetamine versus other stimulants among male injectors. Paper presented at the XVI International AIDS Conference. Toronto, ON.
   Google Scholar
• Lorvick, J., Martinez, A., Gee, L., & Kral, A. H. (2006). Sexual and injection risk among women who inject methamphetamine in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health, 83(3), 497–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansergh, G., Colfax, G. N., Marks, G., Rader, M., Guzman, R., & Buchbinder, S. (2001). The circuit party men's health survey: Findings and implications for gay and bisexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 91(6), 953–958.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molitor, F., Ruiz, J. D., Flynn, N., Mikanda, J. N., Sun, R. K., & Anderson, R. (1999). Methamphetamine use and sexual and injection risk behaviors among out-of-treatment injection drug users. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 25(3), 475–493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molitor, F., Truax, S. R., Ruiz, J. D., & Sun, R. K. (1998). Association of methamphetamine use during sex with risky sexual behaviors and HIV infection among non-injection drug users. Western Journal of Medicine, 168(2), 93–97.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Needle, R. N., Fisher, D. G., Weatherby, N., Chitwood, D., Brown, B., Cesari, H., (1995). Reliability of self-reported HIV risk behaviors of drug users. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 9, 242–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reback, C. J., Larkins, S., & Shoptaw, S. (2003). Methamphetamine abuse as a barrier to HIV medication adherence among gay and bisexual men. AIDS Care, 15(6), 775–785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds, G. L., Latimore, A., Fisher, D. G., & Jaffe, A. (2006). Heterosexual anal sex among female drug users: Role of methamphetamine. Paper presented at the American Public Health Association 134th Annual Meeting. Boston, MA.
   Google Scholar
• Rusch, M., Lampinen, T. M., Schilder, A., & Hogg, R. S. (2004). Unprotected anal intercourse associated with recreational drug use among young men who have sex with men depends on partner type and intercourse role. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 31(8), 492–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sainsbury, R., Ditch, J., & Hutton, S. (1993). Computer assisted personal interviewing. Social Research Update, 3, 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Semple, S. J., Grant, I., & Patterson, T. L. (2004). Female methamphetamine users: Social characteristics and sexual risk behavior. Women Health, 40(3), 35–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semple, S. J., Patterson, T. L., & Grant, I. (2004). The context of sexual risk behavior among heterosexual methamphetamine users. Addictive Behaviors, 29(4), 807–810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoptaw, S., Peck, J., Reback, C. J., & Rotheram-Fuller, E. (2003). Psychiatric and substance dependence comorbidities, sexually transmitted diseases, and risk behaviors among methamphetamine-dependent gay and bisexual men seeking outpatient drug abuse treatment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 35(Suppl 1), 161–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration. (2004). Drug abuse warning network, 2003: Interim national estimates of drug-related emergency department visits. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration. (2006). The DASIS Report: Trends in Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Admissions to Treatment: 1993–2003. Rockville, MD: Office of Applied Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Weatherby, N., Needle, R., Cesari, H., Booth, R., McCoy, C., Watters, J., (1994). Validity of self-reported drug use among injection drug users recruited through street outreach. 17, 347–355.
   Google Scholar
• Wohl, A. R., Johnson, D. F., Lu, S., Frye, D., Bunch, G., & Simon, P. A. (2004). Recent increase in high-risk sexual behaviors among sexually active men who have sex with men living with AIDS in Los Angeles County. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 35(2), 209–211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2006). Management of substance abuse. Retrieved November 8, 2007, from http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/facts/psychoactives/en/
   Google Scholar
• Zule, W. A., Costenbader, E. C., Meyer, W. J., & Wechsberg, W. M. (2007). Methamphetamine use and risky sexual behaviors during heterosexual encounters. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 34(9), 689–694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar