Mortality Risks Associated with Average Drinking Level and Episodic Heavy Drinking

REFERENCES

• American Psychological Association (APA). (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR). 4th ed., Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Baan, R., Straif, K., Grosse, Y., Secretan, B., El Ghissassi, F., Bouvard, V., Altieri, A., … WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group. (2007). Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages. Lancet Oncology, 8, 292–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botman, S. L., Moore, T. F., Moriarity, C. L., & Parsons, V. L. (2000). Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 1995–2004. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics, 2(130), 1–31.
   Google Scholar
• Britton, A., Marmot, M. G., & Shipley, M. (2008). Who benefits most from the cardioprotective properties of alcohol consumption—health freaks or couch potatoes? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 62, 905–908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Schoenborn, C. A., & Loustalot, F. (2010). Trend and prevalence estimates based on the 2008 physical activity guidelines for Americans. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 39, 305–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008). Smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses –United States, 2000–2004. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 57, 1226–1228.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2012). Vital signs: Binge drinking prevalence, frequency, and intensity among adults –United States, 2010. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 61, 14–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Costanzo, S., Di Castelnuovo, A., Donati, M. B., Iacoviello, L., & de Gaetano, G. (2010). Alcohol consumption and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 55, 1339–1347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Castelnuovo, A., Costanzo, S., Bagnardi, V., Donati, M. B., Iacoviello, L., & de Gaetano, G. (2006). Alcohol dosing and total mortality in men and women: An updated meta-analysis of 34 prospective studies. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 2437–2445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ezzati, M., & Lopez, A. D. (2003). Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. Lancet, 362, 847–852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fedirko, V., Tramacere, I., Bagnardi, V., Rota, M., Scotti, L., Islami, F., Negri, E., … Jenab, M. (2011). Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer risk: An overall and dose-response meta-analysis of published studies. Annals of Oncology, 22, 1958–1972.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flegal, K. M., Graubard, B. L., Williamson, D. F., & Gail, M. H. (2005). Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA, 293, 1861–1867.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flegal, K. M., Graubard, B. L., Williamson, D. F., & Gail, M. H. (2007). Cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA, 298, 2028–2037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontaine, K. R., Redden, D. T., Wang, C., Westfall, A. O., & Allison, D. B. (2003). Years of life lost due to obesity. JAMA, 289, 187–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gmel, G., & Rehm, J. (2003). Harmful alcohol use. Alcohol Research & Health, 27, 52–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2012: Recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2011). Washington, DC: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/ clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/guide/index. html
   Google Scholar
• Heron, M. P. (2007). Deaths: Leading causes for 2004. National Vital Statistics Reports, 56, 1–95.
   Google Scholar
• Kopper, L. L., Dekker, J. M., Hendriks, H. F., Bouter, L. M., & Heine, R. J. (2005). Moderate alcohol consumption lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Diabetes Care, 28, 719–725.
   Google Scholar
• Marmot, M. (2005). The status syndrome: How social standing affects our health and longevity. New York: Times Books.
   Google Scholar
• Masunaga, N., Kimura, A., Miyataka, M., Nishioka, N., Hirano, Y., Hayashi, T., & Ishikawa, K. (2006). Effects of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular events in male patients with healed myocardial infarction. Circulation Journal, 70, 1263–1268.
   Google Scholar
• Muntwyler, J., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E., & Gaziano, J. M. (1998). Mortality and light to moderate alcohol consumption after myocardial infarction. Lancet, 352, 1882–1885.
   Google Scholar
• National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). (2009). The National Health Interview Survey (1986–2004) linked mortality files, mortality follow-up through 2006: Matching methodology. Hyattsville: National Center for Health Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). (2010). National Health Interview Survey (1986–2004) linked mortality files: Analytic guidelines. Hyattsville: National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/ nchs/data/datalinkage/nhis_mort_analytic_guidelines.pdf
   Google Scholar
• National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). (1995). Diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol Alert, 30. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa30.htm
   Google Scholar
• National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2005). A pocket guide for alcohol screening and brief intervention, 2005. Rockville: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/ publications/Practitioner/PocketGuide/pocket.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Patra, J., Taylor, B., Irving, H., Roerecke, M., Baliunas, D., Mohapatra, S., & Rehm, J. (2010). Alcohol consumption and the risk of morbidity and mortality for different stroke types — a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 10, 258. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2458/10/258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulhus, D. L. (2002). Socially desirable responding: The evolution of a construct. In H. Brown, D. N. Jackson, & D. E. Wiley (Eds.), The role of constructs in psychological and educational measurement. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Rehm, J., Mathers, C., Popova, S., Thavorncharoensap, M., Teerawattananon, Y., & Patra, J. (2009). Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet, 373, 2223–2233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiller, J. S., Lucas, J. W., Ward, B. W., & Peregoy, J. A. (2012). Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Vital and Health Statistics, 10, 1–207.
   Google Scholar
• Schoenborn, C. A., Adams, P. F., & Peregoy, J. (2013). Health behaviors of adults: United States, 2008–2010. Vital and Health Statistics, 10, 1–173.
   Google Scholar
• Schoenborn, C. A., & Stommel, M. (2011). Adherence to the 2008 adult physical activity guidelines and mortality risk. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 40, 514–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokol, R. J., Delaney-Black, V., & Nordstrom, B. (2003). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. JAMA, 290, 2996–2999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StataCorp. (2011). Stata statistical software: Release 12. College Station: StataCorp LP.
   Google Scholar
• Stockwell, T., Donath, S., Cooper-Stanbury, M., Chikritzhs, T., Catalano, P., & Mateo, C. (2004). Under-reporting of alcohol consumption in household surveys: A comparison of quantity–frequency, graduated–frequency and recent recall. Addiction, 99, 1024–1033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stommel, M., & Schoenborn, C. A. (2009). Accuracy and usefulness of BMI measures based on self-reported weight and height: Findings from the NHANES & NHIS 2001–2006. BMC Public Health, 9, 421. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784464/
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, A. A., Turkkan, J. S., Bachrach, C. A., Jobe, J. B., Kurtzman, H. S., & Cain, V. S. (Eds.). (2000). The science of self-report: implications for research and practice. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). (2011). 2010 dietary guidelines for Americans. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved July 17, 2013, from http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2010.asp
   Google Scholar
• Vliegenthart, R., Oei, H. H. S., van den Elzan, A. P. M., van Rooij, F. J. A., Hofman, A., Oudkerk, M., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2004). Alcohol consumption and coronary calcification in a general population. Archives of Internal Medicine, 164, 2355–2360.
   Google Scholar
• Warren, K. R., & Hewitt, B. G. (2010). NIAAA: Advancing alcohol research for 40 years. Alcohol Research & Health, 33, 5–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, C. P., Cheng, T. Y. D., Tsai, S. P., Chan, H. T., Hsu, H. L., Hsu, C. C., & Eriksen, M. P. (2009). Are Asians at greater mortality risks for being overweight than Caucasians? Redefining obesity for Asians. Public Health Nutrition, 12, 497–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2000). International guide for monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm. Geneva: Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence, Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Cluster.
   Google Scholar
• Zajacova, A., & Hummer, R. A. (2009). Gender differences in education effects on all-cause mortality for white and black adults in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 69, 529–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar