Europe. An Analysis of Changes in the Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages: The Interaction Among Consumption, Related Harms, Contextual Factors and Alcoholic Beverage Control Policies

REFERENCES

• Alexander, B. K. (2008) The globalisation of addiction: A study in poverty of the spirit. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Allamani, A., & Beccaria, F. (Eds.). (2007). Changes in the consumption of alcoholic beverages in Italy: Studies of the decrease in consumption between 1970 and 2000. Contemporary Drug Problems, 34(2), 183–378.
   Google Scholar
• Allamani, A., Olimpi, N., Pepe, P., Cipriani, F. (2014). Trends in consumption of alcoholic beverages and policy interventions in Europe: An uncertainty “associated” perspective. Substance Use and Misuse, 49(in press, this issue).
   Google Scholar
• Allamani, A., Voller, F., Decarli, A., Casotto, V., Pantzer, K., Anderson, P., … Gmel, G. (2011). Contextual determinants of alcohol consumption changes and preventive alcohol policies: A 12-country european study in progress. Substance Use & Misuse, 46(10), 1288–1303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allamani, A., Voller, F., Pepe, P., Baccini, M., Carreras, G., Massini, G., … Kendig, H. (2012). Balance of power in alcohol policy. Balance across different groups and as a whole between societal changes and alcohol policy. In P. Anderson, F. Braddick, J. Reynolds, & A. Gual (Eds.), Alcohol Policy in Europe: Evidence from AMPHORA. (2nd ed.). The AMPHORA project (pp. 34–48). Available online: http://www.amphoraproject.net
   Google Scholar
• Allamani, A., Voller, F., Pepe, P., Massini, G., & Cipriani, F. (2014) Italy between drinking culture and control policies for alcoholic beverages. Substance Use & Misuse, 49(in press, this issue).
   Google Scholar
• AMPHORA Workpackage3. (2013). Report of an analysis of European alcohol-related cultural, social and policy interactions and their impact on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. http://amphoraproject.net/w2box/data/Deliverables/AMPHORA_WP3_D3.2.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, P. (2009). Evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, P., & Baumberg, B. (2006). Alcohol in Europe. A report for the European Commission. London: Institute of Alcohol Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, P., & Møller, L. (2012). Overview of effectiveness and cost–effectiveness. In P. Anderson, L. Møller, & G. Galea (Eds.). (2012) Alcohol in the European Union. Consumption, harm and policy approaches (pp. 103–110). Copenhagen: World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Baba, K., Ritei, S. & Masaaki, S. (2004). Partial correlation and conditional correlation as measures of conditional independence. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Statistics, 46(4), 657–664.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babor, T. F., Caetano, R., Casswell, S., Edwards, G., Giesbrecht, N., Graham, K., … Rossow, I. (2003). Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Babor, T. F., Caetano, R., Casswell, S., Edwards, G., Giesbrecht, N., Graham, K., … Rossow, I. (2010). Alcohol: No ordinary commodity. Research and public policy (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baccini, M., & Carreras, G. (2014). Analyzing the effect of policy measures and socio-demographic factors on alcohol consumption in Europe within the AMPHORA project: Statistical methods. Substance Use & Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.913388
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernhoft, I. M., & Behrensdorff, I. (2003) Effect of lowering the alcohol limit in Denmark. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 35(4), 515–525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloomfield, K., Wicki, M., Gustafsson, N.-K., Mäkelä, P., & Room, R. (2010). Changes in alcohol-related problems after alcohol policy changes in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 71(1), 32–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryden, A., Roberts, B., McKee, M., & Petticrew, M. (2012). A systematic review of the influence on alcohol use of community level availability and marketing of alcohol. Health and Place, 18(2), 349–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buscema, M. (1995). Squashing theory: A prediction approach for drug behavior. Drug & Society, 8(3–4), 103–109.
   Google Scholar
• Buscema, P. M., Massini, G., & Maurelli, G. (2014). Artificial Neural Networks: An overview. Substance Use and Misuse, 49 (in press, this issue).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cipriani, F., & Prina, F. (2007). The research outcome: Summary and conclusions on the reduction in wine consumption in Italy. Contemporary Drug Problem, 34(2), 361–378.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, D. (1998). Interdependent urbanization in an urban world: An historical overview. The Geographical Journal, 164(1), 85–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cogordan, C., Guillemont, J., & Kreft-Jais, C. (2014). Effects of alcohol policies and contextual factors on alcohol consumption and alcohol related harm in France since 1960 to 2000. Substance Use and Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.913391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rita, G. (2012). L'autoregolazione vent'anni dopo [Sel-regulation 20 years afterwards]. In M. Contel, & E. Tempesta (Eds.), Alcol e giovani [Alcohol and Youth], Carocci, Roma: 131–134.
   Google Scholar
• DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986). Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials, 7, 177–188.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edwards, G., Anderson, P., Babor, T., Casswell, S., Ferrence, R., Giesbrecht, N., … Skog, O. J (1994). Alcohol policy and the public good. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenbach-Stangl, I. (2014) Alcohol consumption, alcohol related harm and alcohol policy in Austria: Do they link up? Substance Use and Misuse, 49 (in press, this issue).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elekes, Z. (2014). Hungarian country report. Substance Use and Misuse, 49 (in press, this issue).
   Google Scholar
• EUROSTAT. (2012). Mean age of women at childbirth. Retrieved on March 2012 from http://epp.eurostat.ec. europa.eu/portal/page/portal/product_details/dataset?p_product_code=TPS00017
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, S. R., Rossi, D., & Braine, N. (2009). Theorizing “Big Events” as a potential risk environment for drug use, drug-related harm and HIV epidemic outbreaks. International Journal of Drug Policy, 20, 283–291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gmel, G. (2013). Personal communication.
   Google Scholar
• Gual, A., & Colom, J. (1997). Why has alcohol consumption declined in countries of Southern Europe? Addiction, 92(Suppl 1), S21–S31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gual, A., Matrai, S., Casajuana, C., Allamani, A., Baccini, M., Pepe, P., & Massini, G. The relationships between the impact of alcoholic beverage control policies, selected contextual determinants and alcohol drinking in Spain. Substance Use and Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.913398
   Google Scholar
• Hahn, R. A., Kuzara, J. L., Elder, R., Brewer, R., Chattopadhvay, S., Fielding, J., … Lawrence, B. (2010). Effectiveness of policies restricting hours of alcohol sales in preventing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 39(6), 590–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hupkens, C. L. H., Knibbe, R. A., & Drop, M. J. (1993). Alcohol consumption in the European community: Uniformity and diversity in drinking patterns. Addiction, 88, 1391–1404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson, T., Lindeman, M., & Österberg, E. (2012). Does alcohol policies make any difference? Scales and consumption. In P. Anderson, F. Braddick, J. Reynolds, & A. Gual (Eds.), Alcohol Policy in Europe: Evidence from AMPHORA (pp. 15–23). Retrieved from http://www.amphoraproject.net
   Google Scholar
• Karlsson, T., & Österberg, E. (2001). A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. English supplement 18, 117–131.
   Google Scholar
• Karlsson, T. & Österberg, E. (2007). Scaling alcohol control policies across Europe. Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 14, 499–511.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knibbe, R., Derickx, M., Allamani, A., & Massini, G. (2014). Alcohol consumption and its related harms in the Netherlands since 1960: Relationships with planned and unplanned factors. Substance Use & Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.913433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knibbe, R. A., Drop, M. J., & Hupkens, C. L. H. (1996). Modernization and geographical diffusion as explanations for regional differences in the consumption of wine and beer in the European community. Substance Use & Misuse, 31(11&12), 1639–1655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindeman, M., Österberg, E., & Karlsson, T. (2014). Finland: Increases in alcohol beverage availability and consumption. Substance Use & Misuse, 49 ( in press, this issue).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäkelä, P. (2002). Who started to drink more? A reanalysis of the change resulting from a new alcohol law in Finland in 1969. In R. Room (Ed.), The effects of Nordic alcohol policies: Analyses of changes in control systems (pp. 71–82). Helsinki: Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research.
   Google Scholar
• Meier, P. S., Purshouse, R., & Brennan, A. (2010). Policy options for alcohol price regulation: The importance of modelling population heterogeneity. Addiction, 105(3), 383–393.
   Google Scholar
• Mitis, F. & Sethi, D. (2012). Reducing injuries and death from alcohol-related road Crashes. In P. Anderson, L. Møller, & G. Galea (Eds.), Alcohol in the European Union. Consumption, harm and policy approaches (pp. 49–54). Copenhagen: World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Mohler-Kuo, M., Rehm, J., Heeb, J.-L., & Gmel, G. (2004). Decreased taxation, spirits consumption and alcohol- related problems in Switzerland. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 65, 266–273.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Møller, L. (2002). Legal restrictions resulted in a reduction of alcohol consumption among young people in Denmark. In R. Room (Ed.), The effects of Nordic alcohol policies: analyses of changes in control systems (pp. 155–166). Helsinki: Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research.
   Google Scholar
• Moskalewicz, J., & Simpura, J. (2000). The supply of alcoholic beverages in transitional conditions: The case of Central and Eastern Europe. Addiction, 95(4 Suppl.), S505–S522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myrdal, G. (1958). Value in Social Theory: a Selection of Essays on Methodology. New York, NY: Harper.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, J. P. (2010). Alcohol advertising bans, consumption, and control policies in seventeen OECD countries, 1975–2000. Applied Economics, 42, 803–823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, J. P. (2013). Gender differences in alcohol demand: A systematic review of the role of prices and taxes. Health Economics. doi:10.1002/hec.2974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordlund, S. (2012). Popular norms, alcohol policy and drinking behaviour. In P. Anderson, F. Braddick, J. Reynolds, & A. Gual, (Eds.), Alcohol Policy in Europe: Evidence from AMPHORA (2nd ed., pp. 24–31) The AMPHORA project. Available online: http://www.amphoraproject.net
   Google Scholar
• Norström, T., editor (2002). Alcohol in Postwar Europe: Consumption, Drinking Patterns, Consequences and Policy Responses in 15 European Countries. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
   Google Scholar
• OECD the International Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2011). http://www.oecd.org/home/0,2987,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html (access 2011).
   Google Scholar
• Österberg, E. (2012a). Availability of alcohol. In P. Anderson, L. Møller, & G. Galea (Eds.), Alcohol in the European Union. Consumption, harm and policy approaches (pp. 83–88). Copenhagen: World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Österberg, E. (2012b). Pricing of alcohol. In P. Anderson, L. Møller, & G. Galea (Eds.), Alcohol in the European Union. Consumption, harm and policy approaches (pp. 96–102). Copenhagen: World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Patra, J., Giesbrecht, N., Rehm, J., Bekmuradov, D., & Popova, S. (2012). Are alcohol prices and taxes an evidence-based approach to reducing alcohol-related harm and promoting public health and safety? A Literature Review. Contemporary Drug Problems, 39, 7–48.
   Google Scholar
• Plant, M., Allamani, A., Pepe, P., & Massini, G. (2014). Contextual Determinants and Alcohol Policies in the United Kingdom. Substance Use and Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.913436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plant, M., & Plant, M. (2006). Binge Britain: Alcohol and the national response. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pridemore, W. A., Chamlin, M. V., & Andreev, E. (2013). Reduction in male suicide mortality following the 2006 Russian alcohol policy: An interrupted time series analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 103(11), 2021–2026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pridemore, W. A., & Snowden, A. J. (2009). Reduction in suicide mortality following a New National Alcohol Policy in Slovena: An interrupted time-series analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 99(5), 915–920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabinovich, L., Brutscher, P. B., de Vries, H., Tiessen, J., Clift, J., & Reding, A. (2009). The affordability of alcohol beverages in the European Union: understanding the link between alcohol affordability, consumption and harms. Cambridge: RAND Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Rabinovich, L., Hunt, P., Staetsky, L., Goshev, S., Nolte, E., Pedersen, J., & Tiefensee, C. (2011). Draft final report: Further study on the affordability of alcoholic beverages in the EU. Cambridge: RAND Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Rehm, J. & Gmel, G. (2001). Aggregate time series regression in the field of alcohol. Addiction, 96, 945–954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Room, R. (1999). The idea of Alcohol Policy. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 16(English Suppl), S7–S20.
   Google Scholar
• Room, R. (2002). A hazardous commodity with culture bound effects: Policy implications of ECAS. In T. Norström (Ed.), Alcohol in postwar Europe: Consumption, drinking patterns, consequences and policy responses in 15 European countries (pp. 23–219). Stockholm: National Institute of Public Health.
   Google Scholar
• Room, R., Babor, T., & Rehm, J. (2005). Alcohol and public health. Lancet, 365, 519–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., Poole, C., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Causation and causal Inference. In K. J. Rothman, S. Greenland, & T. L. Lash (Eds.), Modern Epidemiology (pp. 5–31). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Saffer, H. & Dave, D. (2006). Alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption by adolescents. Health Economics, 15(6), 617–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, L., Sobotka, T., Bentzen, J. G., & Nyboe Andersen, A. (2011). Demographic and medical consequences of the postponement of parenthood. Human Reproduction Update, 18(1), 29–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schütze, M., Boeing, H., Pischon, T., Rehm, J., Kehoe, T., Gmel, G., … Bergmann, M. M. (2011). Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, doi 10.1136/bmj.d1584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shield, K. D., Kehoe, T., Gmel, G., Rehm, M. X., & Rehm, J. (2012). Societal burden of alcohol. In P. Anderson, L. Møller, & G. Galea, (2012). Alcohol in the European Union. Consumption, harm and policy approaches (pp. 10–28). Copenhagen: World Health Organisation, Regional Office for Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Simpura, J., Karlsson, T., & Leppänen. (2002). European trends in dirnking patterns and their socio-economic background. In T. Norström (Ed.), (2002). Alcohol in Postwar Europe: Consumption, Drinking Patterns, Consequences and Policy Responses in 15 European Countries (pp. 83–114). National Institute of Public Health. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
   Google Scholar
• Skog, O.-J. (1986). Long waves of alcohol consumption: A social network perspective on cultural change. Social Networks, 8, 1–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulkunen, P. (1989). Drinking in France 1965–1979. An analysis of Household Consumption Data. British Journal of Addiction, 84, 61–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sulkunen, P., Sutton, C., Tigerstedt, C., & Warpenius, C. (2000). Introduction. In P., Sulkunen, C., Sutton, C., Tigerstedt, & C. Warpenius, (Eds.), Broken Spirits (39). Helsinki: NAD Publication.
   Google Scholar
• Świątkiewicz, G., Wieczorek, L., & Allamani, A. (2014). What influences changes in alcohol consumption? Polish case in the light of Amphora study. Substance Use and Misuse. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.914376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treno, A. J., Marzell, M., Gruenenwald, P., & Holder, H. (2014). A review of alcohol and other drug control policy research. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 75(Suppl 17), 98–107.
   Google Scholar
• Voller, F., Maccari, F., Pepe, P., & Allamani, A. (2014). Changing Europe: Trends in Social, Economic Demographic factors, alcoholic beverage drinking and prevention policies between 1960s and 2000s. Substance Use and Misuse, 49(in press, this issue).
   Google Scholar
• Wagenaar, A. C., Salois, M. J., & Komro, K. A. (2009). Effects of beverage alcohol price and tax levels on drinking: A meta-analysis of 1003 estimates from 112 studies. Addiction, 104, 179–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagenaar, A. C., & Toomey, T. L. (2002). Effects of minimum drinking age laws: review and analyses of the literature from 1960 to 2000. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63, S206–225.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. (2011a). (urbanization) World Bank indicator SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS [refers to data from United Nations World Urbanization Prospects) (access 2011).
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. (2011b). [education] Retrieved from -http://web.world bank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTEDUCATION/0,contentMDK:20528432∼menuPK:617592∼pagePK:148956 ∼piPK:216618∼theSitePK:282386∼isCURL:Y,00.html (access 2011).
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. (2011c). [income] Retrieved from http://data. worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD (access 2011).
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2009). Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization Retrieved from http://who.int/globala/alcohol
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2010). European Health for All Database (HFA-DB). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. Retrieved February 2010, from http://www.euro. who.int/hfadb
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2011). Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://who.int/globala/alcohol
   Google Scholar