Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Different β-Carotene Isomers on Lipoprotein Oxidative Modification

References

• Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: an update. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 488–500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg D, Witztum J L. Lipoproteins and atherogenesis: current concepts. JAMA 1990; 264: 3047–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M. Modified forms of LDL and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 1993; 98: 1–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M. Effect of lipoproteins and platelets on macrophage cholesterol metabolism. Blood Cell Biochemistry, Vol 2: Megakaryocytes, Platelets, Macrophages and Eosinophils. New York: Plenum Publishing, J R Harris, 1991; 7: 179–208
   Google Scholar
• Aviram M. Low density lipoprotein modification by cholesterol oxidase induces enhanced uptake and cholesterol accumulation in cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 218–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esterbauer H, Rotheneder M, Striegl G, et al. Vitamin E and other lipophilic antioxidants protect LDL against oxidation. Fat Sci Tech 1989; 91: 316–24
   Google Scholar
• Esterbauer H, Dieber‐Rotheneder M, Striegl G, Waeg G. Role of vitamin E in preventing the oxidation of low‐density lipoprotein. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 314s–21s
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dieber‐Roteneder M, Puhl H, Waeg G, Striegl G, Esterbauer H. Effect of oral supplementation with D‐α‐tocopherol on the vitamin E content of human low density lipoprotein and resistance to oxidation. J Lipid Res 1991; 32: 1325–32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jialal I, Grundy S M. Effect of dietary supplementation with alpha‐tocopherol on the oxidative modification of low‐density lipoprotein. J Lipid Res 1992; 33: 899–906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esterbauer H, Dieber‐Roteneder M, Waeg G, Puhl H, Tatzber F. Endogenous antioxidants and lipoprotein oxidation. Biochem Soc 1990; 18: 1059–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton G W, Ingold K U. β‐Carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant. Science 1984; 224: 569–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton G W. Antioxidant action of carotenoids. J Nutr 1989; 119: 109–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaziano J M, Manson J E, Buring J E, Hennekens C H. Dietary antioxidants and cardiovascular disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 1992; 669: 249–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavy A, Brook J G, Dankner G, Ben‐Amotz A, Aviram M. Enhanced in vitro oxidation of plasma lipoproteins derived from hypercholesterolemic patients. Metabolism 1991; 40: 794–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendich A, Olson J A. Biological actions of carotenoids. FASEB J 1989; 3: 1927–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben‐Amotz A, Lers A, Avron M. Stereoisomers of β‐carotene and phytoene in the algae Dunaliella bardawil. Plant Physiol 1988; 86: 1286–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben‐Amotz A, Mokady S, Edelstein S, Avron M. Bioavailability of a natural isomer mixture as compared with synthetic all‐trans β‐carotene in rats and chicks. J Nutr 1989; 119: 1013–19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben‐Amotz A, Avron M. The biotechnology of cultivating the halofolerant alga Dunaliella. Trends in Biotech 1990; 8: 121–6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimitrov N V, Meyer C, Ullrey D E, et al. Bioavailability of β‐carotene in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 48: 298–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M. Plasma lipoprotein separation by discontinuous density gradient ultracentrifugation in hyperlipoproteinemic patients. Biochem Med 1983; 30: 111–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buege J A, Aust S D. Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol 1978; 52: 302–10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr J L, Randall R J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantilena L R, Nierenberg D W. Simultaneous analysis of five carotenoids in human plasma by isolectric high performance liquid chromatography. J. Micronutr Analysis 1989; 6: 127–45
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathews‐Roth M M. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids after large doses of β‐carotene. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 52: 500–1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nierenberg D W, Stukel T A, Baron J A, Dain B J, Greenberg E R. The Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group. Determinants of increase in plasma concentration of β‐carotene after chronic oral supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 1443–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman D S, Blomstrand R, Werner B, Huang H S, Shiratori T. The intestinal absorption and metabolism of vitamin A and β‐carotene in man. J Clin Invest 1966; 45: 1615–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornson L K, Kayden H J, Miller E, Moshell A N. The transport of α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene in human blood. J Lipid Res 1976; 17: 343–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker R S. Carotenoids in human blood and tissues. J Nutr 1989; 119: 101–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson C T, Mobarhan S, Bowen P, et al. Normal serum response to oral beta‐carotene in humans. J Am Coll Nutr 1989; 8: 625–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown E D, Micozzi M S, Craft N E, et al. Plasma carotenoids in normal men after a single ingestion of vegetables or purified β‐carotene. Am J Clin Nutr 1989; 49: 1258–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringer T V, DeLoof M J, Winterrowd G E, et al. Beta‐carotenes effects on serum lipoproteins and immunologic indices in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 688–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benedich J, Schmeisser D, Bowen P, Mobrahan S. Beta‐carotene increases HDL levels in young men fed a high polyunsaturated fat, very low cholesterol liquid formula. FASEB J 1989; 3: 955, (abstract)
   Google Scholar
• Nierenberg D W, Bayrd G T, Stukel T A. Lack of effect of chronic administration of oral β‐carotene on serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 652–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rimm E B, Stampfer M J, Ascherio A, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1450–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg D. Antioxidants in the prevention of human atherosclerosis. Circulation 1992; 85: 2338–43
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Princen H M G, van Poppel G, Vogelezang C, Buytenhek R, Kok F J. Supplementation with vitamin E but not β‐carotene in vivo protects low density lipoprotein from lipid peroxidation in vitro. Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 1992; 12: 554–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reaven P D, Khouw A, Beltz W F, Parthasarathy S, Witztum J L. Effects of dietary antioxidant combinations in humans: protection of LDL by vitamin E and not by β‐carotene. Arterioscl Thromb 1993; 13: 590–600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krinsky N I. Antioxidant functions of carotenoids. Free Rad Biol Med 1989; 7: 617–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jialal I, Norkus E P, Cristol L, Grundy S M. Beta‐carotene inhibits the oxidative modification of low‐density lipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991; 1086: 134–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavy A, Ben‐Amotz A, Aviram M. Preferential inhibition of LDL oxidation by the all‐trans isomer of β‐carotene in comparison to the 9‐cis β‐carotene. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1993; 31: 83–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar