Comparative study of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of two varieties of Punica granatum

References

• Abbott FV, Melzack R. (1982). Brainstem lesions dissociate neural mechanisms of morphine analgesia in different kinds of pain. Brain Res, 251, 149–155.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adams LS, Seeram NP, Aggarwal BB, Takada Y, Sand D, Heber D. (2006). Pomegranate juice, total pomegranate ellagitannins, and punicalagin suppress inflammatory cell signaling in colon cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem, 54, 980–985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afaq F, Saleem M, Krueger CG, Reed JD, Mukhtar H. (2005). Anthocyanin- and hydrolyzable tannin-rich pomegranate fruit extract modulates MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways and inhibits skin tumorigenesis in CD-1 mice. Int J Cancer, 113, 423–433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajaikumar KB, Asheef M, Babu BH, Padikkala J. (2005). The inhibition of gastric mucosal injury by Punicagranatum L. (pomegranate) methanolic extract. J Ethnopharmacol, 96, 171–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anjaneyulu M, Chopra K. (2003). Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in a mouse model of diabetic neuropathic pain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 27, 1001–1005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Kaplan M, Coleman R, Hayek T, Presser D, Fuhrman B. (2000). Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Am J Clin Nutr, 71, 1062–1076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Kaplan M, Coleman R, Gaitini D, Nitecki S, Hofman A, Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Presser D, Attias J, Hayek T, Fuhrman B. (2002). Pomegranate juice flavonoids inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation and cardiovascular diseases: studies in atherosclerotic mice and in humans. Drugs Exp Clin Res, 28, 49–62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aviram M, Rosenblatt M, Gaitani D, Nitecki S, Hoffman A, Dornfield L. (2004). Pomegranate juice consumption for 3 years by patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS) reduces common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), blood pressure and LDL oxidation. Clin Nutr, 23, 423–433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batta AK, Rangaswami S. (1973). Crystalline chemical components of some vegetable drugs. Phytochemistry, 12, 214–261.
   Google Scholar
• Bektas N, Arslan R. (2010).Antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of Capparis ovata in mice. Pharm Biol, 48, 1185–1190.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bellakhdar J (1997). La pharmacopée marocaine traditionnelle médecine arabe ancienne et savoirs populaires. Paris, Ibis Press Eds, pp. 320–321.
   Google Scholar
• Bentley GA, Newton SH, Starr J. (1983). Studies on the antinociceptive action of α-agonist drugs and their interactions with opioid mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol, 79, 125–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerdá B, Cerón JJ, Tomás-Barberán FA, Espín JC. (2003). Repeated oral administration of high doses of the pomegranate ellagitannin punicalagin to rats for 37 days is not toxic. J Agric Food Chem, 51, 3493–3501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerdá B, Llorach R, Cerón JJ, Espín JC, Tomás-Barberán FA. (2003). Evaluation of the bioavailability and metabolism in the rat of punicalagin, an antioxidant polyphenol from pomegranate juice. Eur J Nutr, 42, 18–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakraborty A, Devi RKB, Rita S, Sharatchandra Kh, Singh TI. (2004). Preliminary studies on anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Spilanthes acmella in experimental animal model. Indian J Pharmacol, 36, 148–150.
   Google Scholar
• Collier HO, Dinneen LC, Johnson CA, Schneider C. (1968). The abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in the mouse. Br J Pharmacol Chemother, 32, 295–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das AK, Mandal SC, Banerjee SK, Sinha S, Das J, Saha BP, Pal M. (1999). Studies on antidiarrhoeal activity of Punica granatum seed extract in rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 68, 205–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Miranda FG, Vilar JC, Alves IA, Cavalcanti SC, Antoniolli AR. (2001). Antinociceptive and antiedematogenic properties and acute toxicity of Tabebuia avellanedae Lor. ex Griseb. inner bark aqueous extract. BMC Pharmacol, 1, 6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Nigris F, Balestrieri ML, Williams-Ignarro S, D’Armiento FP, Fiorito C, Ignarro LJ, Napoli C. (2007). The influence of pomegranate fruit extract in comparison to regular pomegranate juice and seed oil on nitric oxide and arterial function in obese Zucker rats. Nitric Oxide, 17, 50–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekpendu TO, Akah PA, Adesomuju AA, Okogun JC. (1994). Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of Mitracarpus scaber extracts. Int J Pharmacog, 32, 191–196.
   Google Scholar
• Esmaillzadeh A, Tahbaz F, Gaieni I, Alavi-Majd H, Azadbakht L. (2006). Cholesterol-lowering effect of concentrated pomegranate juice consumption in type II diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 76, 147–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farouk L, Laroubi A, Aboufatima R, Benharref A, Chait A. (2008). Evaluation of the analgesic effect of alkaloid extract of Peganum harmala L.: possible mechanisms involved. J Ethnopharmacol, 115, 449–454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman M. (2006). Potato glycoalkaloids and metabolites: roles in the plant and in the diet. J Agric Food Chem, 54, 8655–8681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez F, Melgarejo P, Tomas-Barberan FA, Artes F. (1999). Evolution of juice anthocyanins during ripening of new selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) clones. Eur Food Res Technol, 210, 39–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess SM, Miloning RC. (1972). Assay for anti-inflammatory drugs. In: Lepow IH, Ward PA eds. Inflammation, Mechanisms and Control. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Huang TH, Yang Q, Harada M, Li GQ, Yamahara J, Roufogalis BD, Li Y. (2005). Pomegranate flower extract diminishes cardiac fibrosis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats: modulation of cardiac endothelin-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 46, 856–862.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunskaar S, Hole K. (1987). The formalin test in mice: dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain. Pain, 30, 103–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussein SAM, Barakat HH, Merfort I, Nawwar MAM. (1997). Tannins from the leaves of Punica granatum. Phytochemistry, 45, 819–823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe JH, Martin WR. (1990). Opioid analgesics and antagonists. In: Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th edn. New York: Macmillan Press, 485–519.
   Google Scholar
• Jafri MA, Aslam M, Javed K, Singh S. (2000). Effect of Punica granatum Linn. (flowers) on blood glucose level in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 70, 309–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janssen PAJ, Niemegeers CJE, Dony JGH. (1963). The inhibitory effect of fentanyl and other morphine-like analgesics on the warm water induced tail withdrawal reflex in rats. Drug Res, 6, 502–507.
   Google Scholar
• Katavic PL, Lamb K, Navarro H, Prisinzano TE. (2007). Flavonoids as opioid receptor ligands: identification and preliminary structure-activity relationships. J Nat Prod, 70, 1278–1282.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lansky EP, Newman RA. (2007). Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. J Ethnopharmacol, 109, 177–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litchfield JT Jr, Wilcoxon F. (1949). A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 96, 99–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mavlyanov SM, Islambekov SH YU, Karimdzhanov AK, Ismailov AI. (1997). Polyphenols of the fruits of some varieties of pomegranate growing in Uzbekistan. Chem Nat Comp, 33, 98–99.
   Google Scholar
• Menezes SM, Cordeiro LN, Viana GS. (2006). Punica granatum (pomegranate) extract is active against dental plaque. J Herb Pharmacother, 6, 79–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mills S, Bone K. (2000). Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 23–24, 31–34, 229–231.
   Google Scholar
• Morteza-Semnani K, Mahmoudi M, Heidar MR. (2006). Analgesic activity of the methanolic extract and total alkaloids of Glaucium paucilobum. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol, 28, 151–155.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neuhofer H, Witte L, Gorunovic M, Czygan FC. (1993). Alkaloids in the bark of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) from Yugoslavia. Pharmazie, 48, 389–391.
   Google Scholar
• Nho CW, Jeffery E. (2001). The synergistic upregulation of phase II detoxification enzymes by glucosinolate breakdown products in cruciferous vegetables. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 174, 146–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olajide OA, Awe SO, Makinde JM, Ekhelar AI, Olusola A, Morebise O, Okpako DT. (2000). Studies on the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties of Alstonia boonei stem bark. J Ethnopharmacol, 71, 179–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oukabli, A. (2004). Transfert de technologie en agriculture: le Grenadier, des variétés performantes pour la culture. Bulletin mensuel d’information et de liaison du PNTTA 123.
   Google Scholar
• Ozcal N, Dinc S. (1993). Evaluation of the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels from the standpoint of pharmacy. Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 22, 21–29.
   Google Scholar
• Palanichamy S, Nagarajan S. (1990). Analgesic activity of Cassia alata leaf extract and kaempferol 3-o-sophoroside. J Ethnopharmacol, 29, 73–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panichayupakaranant P, Tewtrakul S, Yuenyongsawad S. (2010). Antibacterial, anti inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of standardised pomegranate rind extract. Food Chem, 123, 400–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pantuck AJ, Leppert JT, Zomorodian N, Aronson W, Hong J, Barnard RJ, Seeram N, Liker H, Wang H, Elashoff R, Heber D, Aviram M, Ignarro L, Belldegrun A. (2006). Phase II study of pomegranate juice for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 12, 4018–4026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulino N, Dantas AP, Bankova V, Longhi DT, Scremin A, de Castro SL, Calixto JB. (2003). Bulgarian propolis induces analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in mice and inhibits in vitro contraction of airway smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Sci, 93, 307–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paxinos G, Watson C. (1986). The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, 2nd edn. San Diego (CA): Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Polunin O, Huxley A. (1987). Pomegranate. In: Flowers of the Mediterranean. London, Hogarth Press, 54–57.
   Google Scholar
• Ribeiro RA, Vale ML, Thomazzi SM, Paschoalato AB, Poole S, Ferreira SH, Cunha FQ. (2000). Involvement of resident macrophages and mast cells in the writhing nociceptive response induced by zymosan and acetic acid in mice. Eur J Pharmacol, 387, 111–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisine T, Pasternak G. (1996). Opioid analgesics and antagonist. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Molinoff PB, Ruddon RW, Gilman AG, eds. Goodman Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th edn. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies; 521–555.
   Google Scholar
• Rosland JH, Tjølsen A, Maehle B, Hole K. (1990). The formalin test in mice: effect of formalin concentration. Pain, 42, 235–242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santagati NA, Duro R, Duro F. (1984). Study on pigments present in pomegranate seeds. J Commodity Sci, 23, 247–254.
   Google Scholar
• Satomi H, Umemura K, Ueno A, Hatano T, Okuda T, Noro T. (1993). Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of Punica granatum L. Biol Pharm Bull, 16, 787–790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt B, Ribnicky DM, Poulev A, Logendra S, Cefalu WT, Raskin I. (2008). A natural history of botanical therapeutics. Metab Clin Exp, 57, S3–S9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeram NP, Adams LS, Henning SM, Niu Y, Zhang Y, Nair MG, Heber D. (2005). In vitro antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant activities of punicalagin, ellagic acid and a total pomegranate tannin extract are enhanced in combination with other polyphenols as found in pomegranate juice. J Nutr Biochem, 16, 360–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalheen HM, Badreldin HA, Alquarawi AA, Bashir AK. (2000). Effect of Psidium guajava leaves on some aspects of the central nerveus system in mice. Phytother Res, 14, 107–111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shibata M, Ohkubo T, Takahashi H, Inoki R. (1989). Modified formalin test: characteristic biphasic pain response. Pain, 38, 347–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starec M, Waitzová D, Elis J. (1988). [Evaluation of the analgesic effect of RG-tannin using the “hot plate” and “tail flick” method in mice]. Cesk Farm, 37, 319–321.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanaka T, Nonaka G, Nishioka I. (1986). Tannins and related compounds. XLI. Isolation and characterization of novel ellagitannins, punicacorteins A, B, C and D, and punigluconin from the bark of Punica granatum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 34, 656–663.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tjølsen A, Berge OG, Hunskaar S, Rosland JH, Hole K. (1992). The formalin test: an evaluation of the method. Pain, 51, 5–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toshihiro K, Uchida AIO, Koichiro N, Kenji H, Terunobu S (2001). Selective prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibition of zaltoprofen at the inflammatory site. Inflamm Regen, 21, 235–241.
   Google Scholar
• van Elswijk DA, Schobel UP, Lansky EP, Irth H, van der Greef J. (2004). Rapid dereplication of estrogenic compounds in pomegranate (Punica granatum) using on-line biochemical detection coupled to mass spectrometry. Phytochemistry, 65, 233–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman M. (1983). Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain, 16(2), 109–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar