References
- Banerjee SK, Maulik M, Mancahanda SC, et al. (2002). Dose dependent induction of endogenous antioxidants in rat heart by chronic administration of garlic. Life Sci 70:1509–18
- Bruck R, Aeed H, Brazovsky E, et al. (2005). Allicin, the active component of garlic, prevents immune-mediated, concanavalin A-induced hepatic injury in mice. Liver Int 25:613–21
- Bukowski RM. (1996). The need for cytoprotection. Eur J Cancer 32A:S2–4
- Daba MH, Abdel-Aziz AH, Moustafa AM, et al. (2002). Effects of l-carnitine and Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in experimental bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 45:461–7
- Daniel WW. (1991). Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. 5th ed. New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto and Singapore: John Wiley & Sons
- Das UB, Mallick M, Debnath JM, Ghosh D. (2002). Protective effect of ascorbic acid on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular gametogenic and androgenic disorder in male rats. Asian J Androl 4:201–7
- Donato ML, Aleman A, Champlin RE, et al. (2004). Analysis of 96 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 33:1219–24
- Ellman GL. (1959). Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys 82:70–7
- Fraiser LH, Kanekal S, Kehrer JP. (1991). Cyclophosphamide toxicity; characterizing and avoiding the problem. Drug 42:781–95
- Ghosh D, Das UB, Ghosh S, et al. (2002). Testicular gametogenic and steroidogenic activities in cyclophosphamide treated rat: A correlative study with testicular oxidative stress. Drug Chem Toxicol 25:281–92
- Hales BF. (1982). Comparison of the mutagenicity and teratogenicity of cyclophosphamide and its active metabolites, 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide, phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. Cancer Res 42:3016–21
- Hasan N, Yusuf N, Toossi Z, Islam N. (2006). Suppression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in human monocytes by allicin. FEBS Lett 580:2517–22
- Hirano A, Shimizu T, Watanabe O, et al. (2008). Epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel as primary systemic chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Anticancer Res 28:4137–42
- Hodge G, Hodge S, Han P. (2002). Allium sativum (garlic) suppresses leukocyte inflammatory cytokine production in vitro: Potential therapeutic use in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Cytometry 48:209–15
- Kim KM, Chun SB, Koo MS, et al. (2001). Differential regulation of NO availability from macrophages and endothelial cells by the garlic components S-allyl cystiene. Free Radic Biol Med 30:747–56
- Kumar S, Dhankhar N, Kar V, et al. (2011). Myocardial injury provoked by cyclophosphamide, protective aspect of hesperidin in rats. Int J Res Pharm Biomed Sci 2:1288–96
- Levine MN, Pritchard KI, Bramwell VH, et al. (2005). Randomized trial comparing cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in premenopausal women with node-positive breast cancer: Update of national cancer institute of Canada clinical trials group trial MA5. J Clin Oncol 23:5166–70
- Li XH, Li CY, Xiang ZG, et al. (2010). Allicin can reduce neuronal death and ameliorate the spatial memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease models. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 15:237–43
- Malik SW, Myers JL, DeRemee RA, Specks U. (1996). Lung toxicity associated with cyclophosphamide use: Two distinct patterns. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:1851–6
- Manda K, Bhatia AL. (2003). Prophylactic action of melatonin against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mice. Cell Biol Toxicol 19:367–72
- Marklund SL. (1985). Superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in tissues and plasma from New Zealand black mice, nude mice and normal BALB/c mice. Mutat Res 148:129–34
- McDiarmid MA, Iype PT, Kolodner K, et al. (1991). Evidence for acrolein-modified DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes of cancer patients treated with cyclophosphamide. Mutat Res 248:93–9
- Nagi MN, Mansour MA. (2000). Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: A possible mechanism of protection. Pharmacol Res 41:283–9
- Nicolini A, Mancini P, Ferrari P, et al. (2004). Oral low-dose cyclophosphamide in metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (MHRPC). Biomed Pharmacother 58:447–50
- Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. (1979). Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95:351–8
- Patel JM. (1987). Stimulation of cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary microsomal lipid peroxidation by oxygen. Toxicology 45:79–91
- Patel JM. (1990). Metabolism and pulmonary toxicity of cyclophosphamide. Pharmacol Ther 47:137–46
- Patel JM, Block ER. (1985). Cyclophosphamide-induced depression of the antioxidant defense mechanisms of the lung. Exp Lung Res 8:153–65
- Prasad K, Laxdal VA, Yu M, Raney BL. (1995). Antioxidant activity of allicin, an active principle in garlic. Mol Cell Biochem 148:183–9
- Rao R, Shammo JM, Enschede SH, et al. (2005). The combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma 6:26–30
- Saravanan G, Prakash J. (2004). Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on lipid peroxidation in experimental myocardial infarction in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 94:155–8
- Stankiewicz A, Skrzydlewska E, Makieła M. (2002). Effects of amifostine on liver oxidative stress caused by cyclophosphamide administration to rats. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact 19:67–82
- Sulkowska M, Sulkowski S. (1998). Alveolar cells in cyclophosphamide-induced lung injury: An ultrastructural analysis of type II alveolar epithelial cells in situ. Histol Histopathol 13:13–20
- Sulkowska M, Skrzydlewska E, Sobaniec-Łotowska M, et al. (2002). Effect of cyclophosphamide-induced generation reactive oxygen forms on ultrastructure of the liver and lung. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 46:239–46
- Sundstrom S, Bremnes RM, Kaasa S, et al. (2005). Second-line chemotherapy in recurrent small cell lung cancer: Results from a crossover schedule after primary treatment with cisplatin and etoposide (EP-regimen) or cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and vincristine (CEV-regimen). Lung Cancer 48:251–61
- Tannehill SP, Mehta MP. (1996). Amifostine and radiation: Past, present and future. Semin Oncol 23:69–77
- Venkatesan N, Chandrakasan G. (1995). Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by curcumin, an anti-inflammatory antioxidant. Mol Cell Biochem 142:79–87
- Weijl NI, Cleton FJ, Osanto S. (1997). Free radicals and antioxidants in chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Cancer Treat Rev 23:209–40
- Wu CC, Sheen LY, Chen HW, et al. (2001). Effects of organosulfur compounds from garlic oil on the antioxidation system in rat liver and red blood cells. Food Chem Toxicol 39:563–9
- Zhang J, Tian Q, Zhou S. (2006). Clinical pharmacology of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. Curr Drug Ther 1:55–84