References
- Lammert F, Marschall HU, Glantz A, Matern S. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. J Hepatol 2000;33:1012–21
- Geenes V, Williamson C. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:2049–66
- Glantz A, Marschall HU, Mattsson LA. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: relationships between bile acid levels and fetal complication rates. Hepatology 2004;40:467–74
- Wikstron Shemer E, Marschall HU, Ludvigsson J, Stephansson O. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and associated adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes: a 12-year population-based cohort study. Bjog 2013;120:717–23
- Geenes V, Chappell LC, Seed PT, et al. Association of severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective population-based case-control study. Hepatology 2014;59:1482–91
- Gonzalez MC, Reyes H, Arrese M, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in twin pregnancies. J Hepatol 1989;9:84–90
- Rioseco AJ, Ivankovic MB, Manzur A, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a retrospective case-control study of perinatal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:890–5
- Alexander GR, Kogan M, Martin J, Papiernik E. What are the fetal growth patterns of singletons, twins, and triplets in the United States? Clin Obstetr Gynecol 1998;41:114–25
- Williamson C, Gorelik J, Eaton BM, et al. The bile acid taurocholate impairs rat cardiomyocyte function: a proposed mechanism for intra-uterine fetal death in obstetric cholestasis. Clin Sci Lond 2001;100:363–9
- Sepulveda WH, Gonzalez C, Cruz MA, Rudolph MI. Vasoconstrictive effect of bile acids on isolated human placental chorionic veins. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:211–15
- Miragoli M, Kadir SH, Sheppard MN, et al. A protective antiarrhythmic role of ursodeoxycholic acid in an in vitro rat model of the cholestatic fetal heart. Hepatology 2011;54:1282–92
- Zhao P, Zhang K, Yao Q, Yang X. Uterine contractility in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol 2014;34:221–4
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Medically indicated late preterm and early term deliveries. Committee Opinion no. 560. Obstet Gynecol 2013;121:908–10
- Williamson C, Hems LM, Goulis DG, et al. Clinical outcome in a series of cases of obstetric cholestasis identified via a patient support group. BJOG 2004;111:676–81
- Henderson CE, Shah RR, Gottimukkala S, et al. Primum non nocere: how active management became modus operandi for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;211:189–96
- Bannister-Tyrrell M, Ford JB, Morris JM, Roberts CL. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is not associated with stillbirth in an Australian maternity population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014;176:204–5
- Brouwers L, Koster MP, Page-Christiaens GC, et al. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: maternal and fetal outcomes associated with elevated bile acid levels. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:100. e1–7
- Germain AM, Kato S, Carvajal JA, et al. Bile acids increase response and expression of human myometrial oxytocin receptor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:577–82
- Campos GA, Guerra FA, Israel EJ. Effects of cholic acid infusion in fetal lambs. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1986;65:23–6
- Martineau M, Raker C, Powrie R, Williamson C. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014;176:80–5
- Laasanen J, Hiltunen M, Romppanen EL, et al. Microsatellite marker association at chromosome region 2p13 in Finnish patients with preeclampsia and obstetric cholestasis suggests a common risk locus. Eur J Hum Genet 2003;11:232–6
- Martineau MG, Raker C, Dixon PH, et al. The metabolic profile of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, and increased fetal growth. Diabetes Care 2015;38:243–8