References
- Mosher W D, Pratt W F. Fecundity and infertility in the United States: Incidence and trends. Fertil Steril 1991; 56: 192–193
- Berkowitz G S, Lapinski R H, Wein R, Lee D. Race/ethnicity and other risk factors for gestational diabetes. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135: 965–973
- Navarrete V, Torres I, Lee A. Early glucose metabolic disorder and sterility. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1969; 100: 997–999
- Quinatana B, Dunaif A. How insulin resistance is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome. Contemp Ob/Gyn 1994; 39: 66–82
- Stein I F, Leventhal M L. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1935; 29: 181–191
- Young R L, Goldzeiher J W. Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovarian disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1988; 17: 621–635
- Dunaif A, Segal K R, Futterweit W, Dobrjansky A. Profound peripheral insulin resistance independent of obesity, in polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes 1989; 38: 1165–1174
- Shoupe D, Kumar D D, Lobo R A. Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 147: 588–592
- Chang R J, Geffner M E. Associated non-ovarian problems of polycystic ovarian disease: Insulin resistance. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1985; 12: 675–685
- Dahlgren E, Johansson S, Lindstedt G, Knutsson F, Oden A. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome wedge resected in 1956 to 1965: A long-term follow-up focusing on natural history and circulating hormones. Fertil Steril 1992; 57: 505–513
- Dunaif A, Graf M, Mandeli J, Laumas V, Dobrjansky A. Characterization of groups of hyperandrogenic women with acanthosis nigricans, impaired glucose tolerance and/or hyperinsulinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987; 65: 499–507
- Catalano P M. Carbohydrate metabolism and gestational diabetes. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1994; 37: 25–38
- O'Sullivan J B, Mahan C M. Criteria for the normal glucose tolerance test in pregnancy. Diabetes 1964; 13: 278–285
- Yeh H C, Futterweit W, Thornton J C. Polycystic ovarian disease: US features in 104 patients. Radiology 1987; 163: 111–116
- National Diabetes Data Group. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 1979; 28: 1039–1057
- Magee M S, Walden C E, Beneditti T J, Knopp R H. Influence of diagnostic criteria on the incidence of gestational diabetes and perinatal morbidity. JAMA 1993; 127: 465–469
- Philipson E H, Kalhan S C, Rosen M G, Edelberg S C, Williams T G, Riha M M. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Is further improvement necessary?. Diabetes 1985; 34: 55–60
- Gabbe S G, Mestman J H, Freeman R K, Anderson G V, Lowensohn R I. Management and outcome of Class A diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1977; 127: 465–469
- Silverman B L, Rizzo T, Green O C, Cho N H, Winter R J, Ogata E S, Richard G E, Metzger B E. Long-term prospective evaluation of offspring of diabetic mothers. Diabetes 1991; 40: 121–125
- Berkowitz G S, Roman S H, Lapinski R H, Alvarez M. Maternal characteristics, neonatal outcome, and the time of diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 167: 976–982
- Freinkel N. Of pregnancy and progeny. Diabetes 1980; 29: 1023–1035
- Ekbald U, Vilpa T. Pregnancy in women over forty. Ann Chir Gynaecol Suppl 1994; 208: 68–71
- Coustan D R, Nelson C, Carpenter M W, Carr S R, Rotondo L, Widness J A. Maternal age and screening for gestational diabetes: A population-based study. Obstet Gynecol 1989; 73: 557–560
- Levran D, Shoham Z, Habib D, Greenwald M, Nebel L, Mashiach S. Glucose intolerance in pregnant women following treatment for sterility. Int J Fertil 1990; 35: 157–159
- Jovanovic L, Peterson C M. Screening for gestational diabetes: Optimum timing and criteria for retesting. Diabetes 1985; 34: 21–23
- Wortsman J, de Angeles S, Futterweit W, Singh K, Kaufmann R. Gestational diabetes and neonatal macrosomia in the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Reprod Med 1991; 36: 659–661
- Leikin E L, Jenkins J H, Pomerantz G A, Klein L. Abnormal glucose screening tests in pregnancy: A risk factor for fetal macrosomia. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 69: 570–573
- Langer O, Anyaegbunam A, Brustman L, Mazze R. The significance of one abnormal glucose tolerance test value on adverse outcome in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987; 157: 758–763
- Langer O, Anyaegbunam A, Brustman L, Divon M. Management of women with one abnormal oral glucose tolerance test value reduces adverse outcome in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989; 161: 593–599
- Devlin J T, Horton E S. Effects of prior high intensity exercise on glucose metabolism in normal and insulin-resistant men. Diabetes 1985; 34: 973–979
- Buyalos R P, Geffner M E, Bersch N, Judd H L, Watanabe R M, Bergman R N, Golde D W. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 responsiveness in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Fertil Steril 1992; 57: 796–803
- Carpenter M W, Coustan D R. Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 144: 768–773
- Lanzone A, Caruso A, Di Simone N, De Carolis S, Fulghesu A M, Mancuso S. Polycystic ovary disease: A risk factor for gestational diabetes?. J Reprod Med 1995; 40: 312–316
- Ciaraldi T P, El-Roeiy A, Zecharia M, Reichart D, Olefsky J M, Yen S C. Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 75: 577–583
- Dunaif A, Segal K R, Shelley D R, Green G, Dobrjansky A, Licholai T. Evidence for distinctive and intrinsic defects in insulin action in polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes 1992; 41: 1257–1266
- Buchanan T A, Metzger B E, Freinkel N, Bergman R N. Insulin sensitivity and B-cell responsiveness to glucose during late pregnancy in lean and moderately obese women with normal glucose tolerance or mild gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990; 162: 1008–1014
- Cheney C, Shragg P, Hollingsworth D. Demonstration of heterogeneity in gestational diabetes by a 400-kcal breakfast meal tolerance test. Obstet Gynecol 1985; 65: 17–23