276
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Hypothesis on how to measure electromagnetic hypersensitivity

&
Pages 281-290 | Received 04 Aug 2011, Accepted 12 Jul 2012, Published online: 09 Jan 2013

References

  • Bergqvist U, Vogel E (1997). Possible health implications of subjective symptoms and electromagnetic fields: a report by a European group of experts for the European Commission. DG V. Solna, Sweden: European Commission DG V. Report No. 19.
  • Eltiti S, Wallace D, Ridgewell A, Zougkou K, Russo R, Sepulveda F, Mirshekar-Syahkal D, . 2007. Does short-term exposure to mobile phone base station signals increase symptoms in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields? A double-blind randomized provocation study. Environ. Health Perspect.. 115 11: 1603–1608.
  • Hallberg O, Oberfeld G. 2006. Letter to the Editor: will we all become electrosensitive?. Electromagn. Biol. Med.. 25 3: 189–191.
  • Hillert L, Åkerstedt T, Lowden A, Wiholm C, Kuster N, Ebert S, Boutry C, . 2008. The effects of 884 MHz GSM wireless communication signals on headache and other symptoms: an experimental provocation study. Bioelectromagnetics. 29 3: 185–196.
  • Huss A, Kuechenhoff J, Bircher A, Niederer M, Tremp J, Waeber R, Braun-Fahrlaender C. 2005. Elektromagnetic fields and health complaints – interdisciplinary case evaluations in an environmental medicine counselling project. Umweltmed Forsch Prax. 10 1: 21–28.
  • Irvine N. 2005. Definition, epidemiology and management of electrical sensitivity: report for the radiation protection division of the health protection agency. Oxfordshire, UK. Report No. 10.
  • Johansson O. 2006. Electrohypersensitivity: state-of-the-art of a functional impairment. Electromagn. Biol. Med.. 25 4: 245–258.
  • Johansson OChapter 8, BioInitiative Report ‘Evidence for effects on the immune system’. In: BioInitiative Working Group CSaDOC. editors. The Bioinitiative Report—A rationale for a biologically-based public exposure standard for electromagnetic fields (ELF and RF) Available at http://www.bioinitiative.org, 2007Editor.
  • Johansson O. 2009. Disturbance of the immune system by electromagnetic fields – a potentially underlying cause for cellular damage and tissue repair reduction which could lead to disease and impairment. Pathophysiology. 16 2-3: 157–177.
  • Johansson O, Gangi S, Liang Y, Yoshimura K, Jing C, Liu P-Y.. 2001. Cutaneous mast cells are altered in normal healthy volunteers sitting in front of ordinary TVs/PCs – results from open-field provocation experiments. J. Cutaneous Pathol.. 28 10: 513–519.
  • Kim DW, Lee JH, Ji HC, Kim SC, Nam KC, Cha EJ. Physiological effects of RF exposure on hypersensitive people by a cell phone. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008,m EMBS 2008. 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE 2008. 20082322–2325.
  • Landgrebe M, Frick U, Hauser S, Langguth B, Rosner R, Hajak G, Eichhammer P. 2008. Cognitive and neurobiological alterations in electromagnetic hypersensitive patients: results of a case-control study. Psychol. Med.. 38 12: 1781–1791.
  • Leitgeb N. 2009. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity. In: Lin JC. editors. Advances in electromagnetic fields in living systems. New York: Springer167–197.
  • Levallois P, Neutra R, Lee G, Hristova L. 2002. Study of self-reported hypersensitivity to electromagnetic fields in California. Environ. Health Perspect. 110 Suppl. 4: 619–623.
  • McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA. 2011. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome. Int. J. Neurosci.. 121 12: 670–676.
  • Moore A, Stilgoe J. 2009. Experts and anecdotes: the role of anecdotal evidence in public scientific controversies. Sci. Technol. Human Values. 34 5: 654–677.
  • Nam KC, Lee JH, Noh HW, Cha EJ, Kim NH, Kim DW. 2009. Hypersensitivity to RF fields emitted from CDMA cellular phones: a provocation study. Bioelectromagnetics. 30 8: 641–650.
  • Oftedal G, Straume A, Johnsson A, Stovner LJ. 2007. Mobile phone headache: a double blind, sham-controlled provocation study. Cephalalgia. 27 5: 447–455.
  • Regel SJ, Negovetic S, Roeoesli M, Berdiñas V, Schuderer J, Huss A, Lott U, . 2006. UMTS base station-like exposure, well-being, and cognitive performance. Environ. Health Perspect.. 114 8: 1270–1275.
  • Rubin GJ, Hahn G, Everitt BS, Cleare AJ, Wessely S. 2006. Are some people sensitive to mobile phone signals? Within participants double blind randomised provocation study. BMJ. 332 7546: 886–891.
  • Rubin GJ, Munshi JD, Wessely S. 2005. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: a systematic review of provocation studies. Psychosomat. Med.. 67 2: 224–232.
  • Rubin GJ, Nieto-Hernandez R, Wessely S. 2010. Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (formerly ‘electromagnetic hypersensitivity’): an updated systematic review of provocation studies. Bioelectromagnetics. 31 1: 1–11.
  • Schroettner J, Leitgeb N. 2008. Sensitivity to electricity - temporal changes in Austria. BMC Public Health. 8 1: 310.
  • Wilén J, Johansson A, Kalezic N, Lyskov E, Sandström M. 2006. Psychophysiological tests and provocation of subjects with mobile phone related symptoms. Bioelectromagnetics. 27 3: 204–214.
  • Yilmaz D, Yildiz M. 2010. Analysis of the mobile phone effect on the heart rate variability by using the largest lyapunov exponent. J. Med. Syst.. 34:1097–1103.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.