Clodronate changes neurobiological effects of pulsed magnetic field on diabetic rats with peripheral neuropathy

References

• Bauer J, Huitinga I, Zhao W, Lassmann H, Hickey WF, Dijkstra CD. 1995. The role of macrophages, perivascular cells, and microglial cells in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Glia. 15:437–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown MC, Perry VH, Lunn ER, Gordon S, Heumann R. 1991. Macrophage dependence of peripheral sensory nerve regeneration: Possible involvement of nerve growth factor. Neuron. 6:359–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruck W, Huitinga I, Dijkstra CD. 1996. Liposome-mediated monocyte depletion during wallerian degeneration defines the role of hematogenous phagocytes in myelin removal. J. Neurosci. Res.. 46:477–484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calcutt NA. 2002. Potential mechanisms of neuropathic pain states. Int. Rev. Neurobiol.. 50:205–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron NE, Eaton SEM, Cotter MA, Tesfaye S. 2001. Vascular factors and metabolic interactions in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetologia. 44:1973–1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti G, Stoll G, Scarpini E, Baron PL, Bianchi R, Livraghi S, Scarlato G. 1997. p75 neurotrophin receptor induction and macrophage infiltration in peripheral nerve during experimental diabetic neuropathy: Possible relevance on regeneration. Exp. Neurol.. 146:206–211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courteix C, Bourget P, Caussade F, Bardin M, Coudore F, Fialip J, Eschalier A. 1998. Is the reduced efficacy of morphine in diabetic rats caused by alterations of opiate receptors or of morphine pharmacokinetics. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.. 285:63–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duby JJ, Campbell RK, Setter SM, White JR, Rasmussen KA. 2004. Diabetic neuropathy: An intensive review. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm.. 61:160–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez MI, Watson PJ, Rowbotham DJ. 2007. Effect of pulsed magnetic field therapy on pain reported by human volunteers in a laboratory model of acute pain. Br. J. Anaesth.. 99:266–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin JW, George R, Ho T. 1993. Macrophage systems in peripheral nerves. A review. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol.. 52:553–560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellweg R, Hartung HD. 1990. Endogenous levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) are altered in experimental diabetes mellitus: A possible role for NGF in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. J. Neurosci. Res.. 26:258–267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapur D. 2003. Neuropathic pain and diabetes. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev.. 19:9–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laitl-Kobierska A, Cieslar G, Sieron A, Grzybek H. 2002. Influence of alternating extremely low frequency ELF magnetic field on structure and function of pancreas in rats. Bioelectromagnetics. 23:49–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longo FM, Yang T, Hamilton S, Hyde JF, Walker J, Jennes L, Stach R, . 1999. Electromagnetic fields influence NGF activity and levels following sciatic nerve transection. J. Neurosci. Res.. 55:230–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macias MS, Battocletti JH, Sutton CH, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ. 2000. Directed and enhanced neurite growth with pulsed magnetic field stimulation. Bioelectromagnetics. 21:272–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markov MS. 2007. Expanding use of pulsed electromagnetic field therapies. Electromagn. Biol. Med.. 26:257–274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mert T, Gunay I, Ocal I, Inal TC, Sencar L, Polat S. 2009. Macrophage depletion delays progression of neuropathic pain in diabetic animals. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.. 379:445–452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mert T, Gunay I, Ocal I. 2010. Neurobiological effects of pulsed magnetic field on diabetes-induced neuropathy. Bioelectromagnetics. 31:39–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moalem G, Tracey DJ. 2006. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in neuropathic pain. Brain Res. Rev.. 51:240–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musaev AV, Guseinova SG, Imamverdieva SS. 2003. The use of pulsed electromagnetic fields with complex modulation in the treatment of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol.. 33:745–752.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mythili MD, Vyas R, Akila G, Gunasekaran S. 2004. Effect of streptozotocin on the ultrastructure of rat pancreatic islets. Microsc. Res. Tech.. 63:274–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolic T, Geutskens SB, van Rooijen N, Drexhage H, Leenen P. 2005. Dendritic cells and macrophages are essential for the retention of lymphocytes in (peri)-insulitis of the nonobese diabetic mouse: A phagocyte depletion study. Lab. Invest.. 85:487–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patruno A, Amerio P, Pesce M, Vianale G, DiLuzio S, Tulli A, Franceschelli S, . 2010. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields modulate expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCat: Potential therapeutic effects in wound healing. Br. J. Dermatol.. 162:258–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry WH, Brown MC, Gordon S. 1987. The macrophage response to central and peripheral nerve injury. A possible role for macrophages in regeneration. J. Exp. Med.. 165:1218–1223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohde C, Chiang A, Adipoju O, Casper D, Pilla AA. 2010. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on interleukin-1β and postoperative pain: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study in breast reduction patients. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.. 125:1620–1629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simko M, Mattsson MO. 2004. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields as effectors of cellular responses in vitro: Possible immune cell activation. J. Cell. Biochem.. 93:83–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmons Z, Feldman EL. 2002. Update on diabetic neuropathy. Curr. Opin. Neurol.. 15:595–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skundric DS, Lisak RP. 2003. Role of neuropoietic cytokines in development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy: From glucose metabolism to neurodegeneration. Diabesity Res.. 4:303–312.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Umezawa F, Eto Y. 1988. Liposome targeting to mouse brain: Mannose as a recognition marker. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Comm.. 153:1038–1044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rooijen N, Sanders A, van den Berg TK. 1996. Apoptosis of macrophages induced by liposome-mediated intracellular delivery of clodronate and propamidine. J. Immunol. Meth.. 193:93–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vianale G, Reale M, Amerio P, Stefanachi M, DiLuzio S, Muraro R. 2008. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field enhances human keratinocyte cell growth and decreases proinflammatory chemokine production. Br. J. Dermatol.. 158:1189–1196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weintraub MI, Cole SP. 2004. Pulsed magnetic field therapy in refractory neuropathic pain secondary to peripheral neuropathy: Electrodiagnostic parameters – Pilot study. Neurorehabil. Neural Repair. 18:42–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar