Moving Towards Patient-Centered Medicine for COPD Management: Multidimensional Approaches versus Phenotype-Based Medicine—A Critical View

References

• Fletcher C, Peto R. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. Br Med J 1977; 1(6077):1645–1648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soriano JB, Calle M, Montemayor T, Alvarez-Sala JL, Ruiz-Manzano J, Miravitlles M. The general public's knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its determinants: current situation and recent changes. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(9):308–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestbo J, Edwards LD, Scanlon PD, Yates JC, Agusti A, Bakke P, Calverley PM, Celli B, Coxson HO, Crim C, Lomas DA, Macnee W, Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second over time in COPD. N Engl J Med 2011; 365(13):1184–1192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agusti A, Calverley PM, Celli B, Coxson HO, Edwards LD, Lomas DA, Macnee W, Miller BE, Rennard S, Silverman EK, Tal-Singer R, Wouters E, Characterisation of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respir Res 2010; 11:122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espinosa de los Monteros MJ, Pena C, Soto Hurtado EJ, Jareno J, Miravitlles M. Variability of respiratory symptoms in severe COPD. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(1):3–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler R, Partridge MR, Miravitlles M, Cazzola M, Vogelmeier C, Leynaud D, Ostinelli J. Symptom variability in patients with severe COPD: a pan-European cross-sectional study. Eur Respir J 2011; 37(2):264–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Campos JL, Calero C, Quintana-Gallego E. Symptom variability in COPD: a narrative review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2013; 8:231–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez Varela MV, Montes de OM. Variability in COPD: the PLATINO study viewpoint. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(4):105–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decramer M, Janssens W. Chronic obstructive pumonary disease and comorbidities. Lancet Respir Med 2013; 1(1):73–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llauger Rosello MA, Pou MA, Dominguez L, Freixas M, Valverde P, Valero C. [Treating COPD in chronic patients in a primary-care setting]. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(11):561–570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Campos JL, Soriano JB. A comprehensive, national survey of spirometry in Spain: current bottlenecks and future directions in primary and secondary care. Chest 2013 Aug; 144(2):601–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miravitlles M. Arguments in favor of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD by phenotype instead of by severity. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(6):271–273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Roisin R. Arguments against inhaled glucocorticoids in COPD by phenotype instead of by severity. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(6):269–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izquierdo Alonso JL, De Lucas RP, Rodriguez Glez-Moro JM. The use of the lower limit of normal as a criterion for COPD excludes patients with increased morbidity and high consumption of health-care resources. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(7):223–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteagudo M, Rodriguez-Blanco T, Parcet J, Penalver N, Rubio C, Ferrer M, Miravitlles M. Variability in the performing of spirometry and its consequences in the treatment of COPD in primary care. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(5):226–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barreiro E, Sieck G. Muscle dysfunction in COPD. J Appl Physiol 2013; 114(9):1220–1221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barreiro E, Sznajder JI. Epigenetic regulation of muscle phenotype and adaptation: a potential role in COPD muscle dysfunction. J Appl Physiol 2013; 114(9):1263–1272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gea J, Agusti A, Roca J. Pathophysiology of muscle dysfunction in COPD. J Appl Physiol 2013; 114(9):1222–1234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natanek SA, Riddoch-Contreras J, Marsh GS, Hopkinson NS, Man WD, Moxham J, Polkey MI, Kemp PR. Yin Yang 1 expression and localisation in quadriceps muscle in COPD. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(6):296–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seymour JM, Spruit MA, Hopkinson NS, Natanek SA, Man WD, Jackson A, Gosker HR, Schols AM, Moxham J, Polkey MI, Wouters EF. The prevalence of quadriceps weakness in COPD and the relationship with disease severity. Eur Respir J 2010; 36(1):81–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agusti A, Macnee W. The COPD control panel: towards personalised medicine in COPD. Thorax 2013; 68(7):687–690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Campos JL, Peces-Barba G, Soler-Cataluna JJ, Soriano JB, De Lucas RP, de-Torres JP, Marin JM, Casanova C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease history assessment in Spain: a multidimensional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease evaluation. Study methods and organization. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(12):453–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Campos JL. [Treatment strategies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a proposal for standardization]. Arch Bronconeumol 2010; 46(12):617–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Roisin R, Agusti A. The GOLD initiative 2011: a change of paradigm? Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(8):286–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Rodriguez-Roisin R. The 2011 revision of the global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of COPD (GOLD)–why and what? Clin Respir J 2012; 6(4):208–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestbo J, Hurd SS, Agusti AG, Jones PW, Vogelmeier C, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Fabbri LM, Martinez FJ, Nishimura M, Stockley RA, Sin DD, Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187(4):347–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin FJ, Lee TA, Wong PS, Pickard AS. Evaluation of changes in guidelines for medication management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Eval Clin Pract 2013 Oct; 19(5):953–960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sillen MJ, Franssen FM, Delbressine JM, Uszko-Lencer NH, Vanfleteren LE, Rutten EP, Wouters EF, Spruit MA. Heterogeneity in clinical characteristics and co-morbidities in dyspneic individuals with COPD GOLD D: Findings of the DICES trial. Respir Med 2013; 107(8):1186–1194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruffydd-Jones K. GOLD guidelines 2011: what are the implications for primary care? Prim Care Respir J 2012; 21(4):437–441.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Idrovo AJ. Three criteria for ecological fallacy. Environ Health Perspect 2011; 119(8):A332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han MK, Muellerova H, Curran-Everet D, Dransfield MT, Washko GR, Regan EA, Bowler RP, Beaty TH, Hokanson JE, Lynch DA. GOLD 2011 disease severity classification in COPDGene: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med 2013; 1(1):43–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones P, Adamek L, Nadeau G, Banik N. Comparisons of health status scores with MRC grades in a primary care COPD population: implications for the new GOLD 2011 classification. Eur Respir J 2012 Sep; 42(3):647–654.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestbo J, Anderson W, Coxson HO, Crim C, Dawber F, Edwards L, Hagan G, Knobil K, Lomas DA, Macnee W, Silverman EK, Tal-Singer R. Evaluation of COPD longitudinally to identify predictive surrogate end-points (ECLIPSE). Eur Respir J 2008; 31(4):869–873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, Locantore N, Mullerova H, Tal-Singer R, Miller B, Lomas DA, Agusti A, Macnee W, Calverley P, Rennard S, Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363(12):1128–1138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange P, Marott JL, Vestbo J, Olsen KR, Ingebrigtsen TS, Dahl M, Nordestgaard BG. Prediction of the clinical course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, using the new GOLD classification: a study of the general population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186(10):975–981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marin JM, Alfageme I, Almagro P, Casanova C, Esteban C, Soler-Cataluna JJ, de Torres JP, Martinez-Camblor P, Miravitlles M, Celli BR, Soriano JB. Multicomponent indices to predict survival in COPD: the COCOMICS study. Eur Respir J 2013; 42(2):323–332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soriano JB, Alfageme I, Almagro P, Casanova C, Esteban C, Soler-Cataluna JJ, de Torres JP, Martinez-Camblor P, Miravitlles M, Celli BR, Marin JM. Distribution and prognostic validity of the new Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grading classification. Chest 2013; 143(3):694–702.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celli BR, Cote CG, Marin JM, Casanova C, Montes de OM, Mendez RA, Pinto PV, Cabral HJ. The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(10):1005–1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko FW, Tam W, Tung AH, Ngai J, Ng SS, Lai K, Au KF, Hui DS. A longitudinal study of serial BODE indices in predicting mortality and readmissions for COPD. Respir Med 2011; 105(2):266–273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez FJ, Han MK, Andrei AC, Wise R, Murray S, Curtis JL, Sternberg A, Criner G, Gay SE, Reilly J, Make B, Ries AL, Longitudinal change in the BODE index predicts mortality in severe emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178(5):491–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cote CG, Dordelly LJ, Celli BR. Impact of COPD exacerbations on patient-centered outcomes. Chest 2007; 131(3):696–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Casanova C, Martinez-Camblor P, Soriano JB, Agusti AG, Celli BR. Prediction of risk of COPD exacerbations by the BODE index. Respir Med 2009 Mar; 103(3):373-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cardoso F, Tufanin AT, Colucci M, Nascimento O, Jardim JR. Replacement of the 6-min walk test with maximal oxygen consumption in the BODE Index applied to patients with COPD: an equivalency study. Chest 2007; 132(2):477–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cote CG, Pinto-Plata VM, Marin JM, Nekach H, Dordelly LJ, Celli BR. The modified BODE index: validation with mortality in COPD. Eur Respir J 2008; 32(5):1269–1274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Campos JL, Cejudo P, Marquez E, Ortega F, Quintana E, Carmona C, Barrot E. Modified BODE indexes: Agreement between multidimensional prognostic systems based on oxygen uptake. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2010; 5:133–140.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Soler-Cataluna JJ, Martinez-Garcia MA, Sanchez LS, Tordera MP, Sanchez PR. Severe exacerbations and BODE index: two independent risk factors for death in male COPD patients. Respir Med 2009; 103(5):692–699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams JE, Green RH, Warrington V, Steiner MC, Morgan MD, Singh SJ. Development of the i-BODE: validation of the incremental shuttle walking test within the BODE index. Respir Med 2012; 106(3):390–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puhan MA, Garcia-Aymerich J, Frey M, ter RG, Anto JM, Agusti AG, Gomez FP, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Moons KG, Kessels AG, Held U. Expansion of the prognostic assessment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the updated BODE index and the ADO index. Lancet 2009; 374(9691):704–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azarisman MS, Fauzi MA, Faizal MP, Azami Z, Roslina AM, Roslan H. The SAFE (SGRQ score, air-flow limitation and exercise tolerance) Index: a new composite score for the stratification of severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Postgrad Med J 2007; 83(981):492–497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briggs A, Spencer M, Wang H, Mannino D, Sin DD. Development and validation of a prognostic index for health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168(1):71–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones RC, Donaldson GC, Chavannes NH, Kida K, Dickson-Spillmann M, Harding S, Wedzicha JA, Price D, Hyland ME. Derivation and validation of a composite index of severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the DOSE Index. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180(12):1189–1195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteban C, Quintana JM, Aburto M, Moraza J, Arostegui I, Espana PP, Aizpiri S, Capelastegui A. The health, activity, dyspnea, obstruction, age, and hospitalization: prognostic score for stable COPD patients. Respir Med 2011; 105(11):1662–1670.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roman A, Ussetti P, Sole A, Zurbano F, Borro JM, Vaquero JM, de PA, Morales P, Blanco M, Bravo C, Cifrian J, de la Torre M, Guidelines for the selection of lung transplantation candidates. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(6):303–309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [Moving towards a new focus on COPD. The Spanish COPD Guidelines (GESEPOC)]. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47(8):379–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosse Y. Updates on the COPD gene list. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2012; 7:607–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han MK, Agusti A, Calverley PM, Celli BR, Criner G, Curtis JL, Fabbri LM, Goldin JG, Jones PW, Macnee W, Make BJ, Rabe KF, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes: the future of COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182(5):598–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miravitlles M, Soler-Cataluna JJ, Calle M, Molina J, Almagro P, Quintano JA, Riesco JA, Trigueros JA, Pinera P, Simon A, Lopez-Campos JL, Soriano JB, [Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC): Pharmacological treatment of stable COPD]. Aten Primaria 2012; 44(7):425–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, Schunemann HJ. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. Br Med J 2008; 336(7650):924–926.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koblizek V, Chlumsky J, Zindr V, Neumannova K, Zatloukal J, Zak J, Sedlak V, Kocianova J, Zatloukal J, Hejduk K, Pracharova S. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Official diagnosis and treatment guidelines of the Czech Pneumological and Phthisiological Society; a novel phenotypic approach to COPD with patient-oriented care. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2013; 157(2):189–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miravitlles M, Calle M, Soler-Cataluna JJ. Clinical phenotypes of COPD: identification, definition and implications for guidelines. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(3):86–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soler-Cataluna JJ, Cosio B, Izquierdo JL, Lopez-Campos JL, Marin JM, Aguero R, Baloira A, Carrizo S, Esteban C, Galdiz JB, Gonzalez MC, Miravitlles M, Consensus document on the overlap phenotype COPD-asthma in COPD. Arch Bronconeumol 2012; 48(9):331–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes PJ. Mechanisms in COPD: differences from asthma. Chest 2000; 117(2 Suppl):10S–14S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthonisen NR. The British hypothesis revisited. Eur Respir J 2004; 23(5):657–658.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Postma DS, Boezen HM. Rationale for the Dutch hypothesis. Allergy and airway hyperresponsiveness as genetic factors and their interaction with environment in the development of asthma and COPD. Chest 2004; 126(2 Suppl):96S–104S.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miravitlles M, Soriano JB, Ancochea J, Munoz L, Duran-Tauleria E, Sanchez G, Sobradillo V, Garcia-Rio F. Characterisation of the overlap COPD-asthma phenotype. Focus on physical activity and health status. Respir Med 2013; 107(7):1053–1060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakawah MO, Hawkins C, Barbandi F. Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and the Overlap Syndrome. J Am Board Fam Med 2013; 26(4):470–477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carolan BJ, Sutherland ER. Clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: recent advances. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 131(3):627–634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miravitlles M, Soler-Cataluna JJ, Calle M, Soriano JB. Treatment of COPD by clinical phenotypes: putting old evidence into clinical practice. Eur Respir J 2013; 41(6):1252–1256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tashkin DP, Celli B, Decramer M, Liu D, Burkhart D, Cassino C, Kesten S. Bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with COPD. Eur Respir J 2008; 31(4):742–750.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanfleteren LE, Kocks JW, Stone IS, Breyer-Kohansal R, Greulich T, Lacedonia D, Buhl R, Fabbri LM, Pavord ID, Barnes N, Wouters EF, Agusti A. Moving from the Oslerian paradigm to the post-genomic era: are asthma and COPD outdated terms? Thorax 2014 Jan; 69(1):72–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar