References
- Prescott LF, Park J, Ballantyne A, et al. Treatment of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning with N-acetylcysteine. Lancet. 1977;2:432–434.
- Prescott LF, Illingworth RN, Critchley JA, et al. Intravenous N-acetylcystine: the treatment of choice for paracetamol poisoning. Brit Med J. 1979;2:1097–1100.
- Smilkstein MJ, Knapp GL, Kulig KW, et al. Efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Analysis of the national multicenter study (1976 to 1985). N Engl J Med. 1988;319:1557–1562.
- Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, et al. 2013 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers ’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 31st Annual Report. Clin Toxicol. 2014;52:1032–1283.
- Waring WS, Pettie JM, Dow MA, et al. Paracetamol appears to protect against N-acetylcysteine-induced anaphylactoid reactions. Clin Toxicol. 2006;44:441–442.
- Schmidt L. Identification of patients at risk of anaphylactoid reactions to N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of paracetamol overdos. Clin Toxicol. 2013;51:467–472.
- Bateman DN, Carroll R, Pettie J, et al. Effect of the UK's revised paracetamol poisoning management guidelines on admissions, adverse reactions and costs of treatment. Brit J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78:610–618.
- Kerr F, Dawson A, Whyte IM, et al. The Australasian Clinical Toxicology Investigators Collaboration randomized trial of different loading infusion rates of N-acetylcysteine. Ann Emerg Med. 2005;45:402–408.
- Benefit risk profile of acetylcysteine in the management of paracetamol overdose. [cited 2013 May 13]. Available from: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/home/groups/pl-p/documents/drugsafetymessage/con184709.pdf.
- Sandilands EA, Bateman DN. Adverse reactions associated with acetylcysteine. Clin Toxicol. 2009;47:81–88.
- Bateman DN, Dear JW, Thanacoody HK, et al. Reduction of adverse effects from intravenous acetylcysteine treatment for paracetamol poisoning: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2014;383:697–704.
- Thanacoody HK, Gray A, Dear JW, et al. Scottish and Newcastle antiemetic pre-treatment for paracetamol poisoning study (SNAP). BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2013;14:1–12.
- Wong A, Graudins A. Simplification of the standard three-bag intravenous acetylcysteine regimen for paracetamol poisoning results in a lower incidence of adverse drug reactions. Clin Toxicol. 2015 [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2015.1115055.
- Isbister GK, Downes M, McNamara K, et al. A prospective observational study of a novel 2-phase infusion protocol for the administration of acetylcysteine in paracetamol poisoning. Clin Toxicol. 2015 [Epub ahead of print].
- Antoine DJ, Dear JW, Lewis PS, et al. Mechanistic biomarkers provide early and sensitive detection of acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury at first presentation to hospital. Hepatology. 2013;58:777–787.