Temporal analyses of coral snakebite severity published in the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ Annual Reports from 1983 through 2007

References

• Veltri JC, Litovitz TL. 1983 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1984; 2(5):420–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Veltri JC. 1984 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1985; 3(5):423–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Normann SA, Veltri JC. 1985 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1986; 4(5):427–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Martin TG, Schmitz B. 1986 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1987; 5(5):405–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Schmitz BF, Matyunas N, Martin TG. 1987 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1988; 6(5):479–515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Schmitz BF, Holm KC. 1988 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1989; 7(5):495–544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Schmitz BF, Bailey KM. 1989 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1990; 8(5):394–442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Bailey KM, Schmitz BF, Holm KC, Klein-Schwartz W. 1990 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1991; 9(5):461–509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Holm KC, Bailey KM, Schmitz BF. 1991 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System. Am J Emerg Med 1992; 10(5):452–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Holm KC, Clancy C, Schmitz BF, Clark LR, Oderda GM. 1992 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1993; 11(5):494–555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Clark LR, Soloway RA. 1993 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1994; 12(5):546–584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Felberg L, Soloway RA, Ford M, Geller R. 1994 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1995; 13(5):551–597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Felberg L, White S, Klein-Schwartz W. 1995 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1996; 14(5):487–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Smilkstein M, Felberg L, Klein-Schwartz W, Berlin R, Morgan JL. 1996 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1997; 15(5):447–500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Dyer KS, Shannon M, Lee S, Powers M. 1997 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1998; 16(5):443–497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Caravati EM, Youniss J, Crouch B, Lee S. 1998 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1999; 17(5):435–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, White S, Cobaugh DJ, Youniss J, Drab A, Benson BE. 1999 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2000; 18(5):517–574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, White S, Cobaugh DJ, Youniss J, Omslaer JC, Drab A, Benson BE. 2000 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2001; 19(5):337–395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Rodgers GC Jr, Cobaugh DJ, Youniss J, Omslaer JC, May ME, Woolf AD, Benson BE. 2001 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2002; 20(5):391–452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Rodgers GC Jr, Klein-Schwartz W, Youniss J, Rose SR, Borys D, May ME. 2002 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2003; 21(5):353–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Rodgers GC Jr, Youniss J, Reid N, Rouse WG, Rembert RS, Borys D. 2003 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2004; 22(5):335–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Rodgers GC Jr, Klein-Schwartz W, Reid N, Youniss J, Flanagan A, Wruk KM. 2004 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 2005; 23(5):589–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai MW, Klein-Schwartz W, Rodgers GC, Abrams JY, Haber DA, Bronstein AC, Wruk KM. 2005 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poisoning and Exposure Database. Clin Toxicol 2006; 44(6–7):803–932.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green J, Rumack BH, Heard SE. 2006 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS). Clin Toxicol 2007; 45(8):815–917.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green JL, Rumack BH, Heard SE. 2007 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 25th annual report. Clin Toxicol 2008; 46(10):927–1057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrish HM, Khan MS. Bites by coral snakes: report of 11 representative cases. Am J Med Sci 1967; 253:561–568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris RL, Pfalzgraf RR, Laing G. Death following coral snake bite in the United States- first documented case (with ELISA confirmation of envenomation) in over 40 years. Toxicon 2009; 53:693–697.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchens CS, Van Mierop LHS. Envenomation by the Eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius fulvius): a study of 39 victims. JAMA 1987; 258:1615–1618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seifert SA, Boyer LV, Benson BE, Rogers JJ. AAPCC database characterization of native U.S. venomous snake exposures, 2001–2005. Clin Toxicol 2009; 47(4):327–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White J. Clinical toxinology resources: Micruroides euryxanthus. The University of Adelaide. http://www.toxinology.com/fusebox.cfm?fuseaction=main.snakes.display&id=SN0270. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• White J. Clinical toxinology resources: Micrurus fulvius. The University of Adelaide. http://www.toxinology.com/fusebox.cfm?fuseaction= main.snakes.display&id=SN0293. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• White J. Clinical toxinology resources: Micrurus tener. The University of Adelaide. http://www.toxinology.com/fusebox.cfm?fuseaction=main. snakes.display&id=SN2554. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Reptile database: Micruroides euryxanthus J. Craig Venter Inst. http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Micruroides&species= euryxanthus. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Reptile database: Micrurus fulvius. J. Craig Venter Institute. http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Micrurus&species=fulvius. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Reptile database: Micrurus tener. J. Craig Venter Institute.. http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Micrurus&species=tener. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Russell FE. Bites by the Sonoran coral snake Micruroides euryxanthus. Toxicon 1967; 5:39–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan DL, Borys DJ, Stanford R, Kjar D, Tobleman W. Texas coral snake (Micrurus tener) bites. South Med J 2007; 100:152–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyeth Laboratories. Wyeth Antivenin (Micrurus fulvius) (Equine Origin) North American Coral Snake Antivenin. United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. http://www.fda.gov/cber/label/coralsnake0801lb.pdf. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Discontinued Products List. United States Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/cber/pdufa/billable.htm. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Shuren J. Docket Number 2004P-0349/CP1. United States Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/04p0349/04p-0349-pdn0001-vol1.pdf. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Camardo J. Important supply information: Antivenin (Micrurus fulvius) (Equine Origin) North American Coral Snake Antivenin. Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. http://www.wyeth.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km. cm.docs/wyeth_html/home/shared/docs/67773_ANTIVENIN_LETTER_ 231901-03_1.pdf. Accessed 16 February 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Walter FG, Stolz U, Shirazi F, McNally J. Epidemiology of severe and fatal rattlesnake bites published in the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ Annual Reports. Clin Toxicol 2009; 47(7):663–669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine. Forging a Poison Prevention and Control System. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2004.
   Google Scholar