70
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research ArticleResearch

Red tide toxin produces in vitro depolarization of human airway smooth muscle

&
Pages 121-123 | Received 25 Sep 2009, Accepted 09 Nov 2009, Published online: 13 Jan 2010

References

  • Huang JMC, Wu CH, Baden D. The depolarizing actions of a red-tide dinoflagellate toxin on crayfish giant axons. Fed Proc 1983; 42:319–322.
  • Hemmert WH. The public health implications of Gymnodinium breve red tides, a review of the literature and recent events. In: Locicero VR, ed. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Boston, MA: Massachusetts Science and Technology Foundation; 1975: 489–497.
  • Baden DG, Bikhazi G, Decker SJ, Foldes FF, Leung I. Neuromuscular blocking action of two brevetoxin from the Florida red tide organism Ptychodiscus brevis. Toxicon 1984; 22:75–84.
  • Fleming LE, Kirkpatrick B, Backer LC, Bean JA, Wanner A, Reich A, Zaias J, Cheng YS, Pierce R, Naar J, Abraham WM, Baden DG. Aerosolized red-tide toxins (brevetoxins) and asthma. Chest 2007; 131(1):187–194.
  • Backer LC, Fleming LE, Rowan A, Cheng YS, Benson J, Pierce RH, Zaias J, Bean J, Bossart GD, Johnson D, Quimbo R, Baden DG. Recreational exposure to aerosolized brevetoxins during Florida red tide events. Harmful Algae 2003; 2:19–28.
  • Backer LC, Kirkpatrick B, Fleming LE, Cheng YS, Pierce R, Bean JA, Clark R, Johnson D, Wanner A, Tamer R, Zhou Y, Baden DG. Occupational exposure to aerosolized brevetoxins during Florida red tide events: effects on a healthy worker population. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113:644–649.
  • Fleming LE, Backer LC, Baden DG. Overview of aerosolized Florida red tide toxins: exposures and effects. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113:618–620.
  • Fleming LE, Kirkpatrick B, Backer LC, Bean JA, Wanner A, Dalpra D, Tamer R, Zaias J, Cheng YS, Pierce R, Naar J, Abraham W, Clark R, Zhou Y, Henry MS, Johnson D, Van De Bogart G, Bossart GD, Harrington M, Baden DG. Initial evaluation of the effects of aerosolized Florida red tide toxins (brevetoxins) in persons with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113:650–657.
  • Kirkpatrick B, Fleming LE, Backer LC, Bean JA, Tamer R, Kirkpatrick G, Kane T, Wanner A, Dalpra D, Reich A, Baden DG. Environmental exposures to Florida red tides: effects on emergency room respiratory diagnoses admissions. Harmful Algae 2006; 5:526–528.
  • Richards IS, Kulkarni A, Brooks S, Pierce R. Florida red-tide toxin (brevetoxins) produce depolarization of airway smooth muscle. Toxicon 1990; 28:1105–1111.
  • Gallagher, JP and Shinnick–Gallangher, P. Effect of Gymnodinium breve toxin in the rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation. Br J Pharmac 1980; 69:367–372.
  • Richards IS, Kulkarni A, Brooks SM. Human fetal tracheal smooth muscle produces spontaneous electromechanical oscillations that are Ca2+-dependent and cholinergically-potentiated. Dev Pharmacol Ther 1991; 16:22–28.
  • Wu CH, Huang JMC, Vogel SM, Luke VS, Atchison WD, Narahashi T. Actions of Ptychodiscus brevis toxin on nerve and muscle membranes. Toxicon 1985; 23:481–487.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.