Safety Evaluation of Medical Plastics

References

• Calley D., Autian J., Guess W. L. Toxicology of a series of phthalate esters. J. Pharm. Sci. 1966; 55: 158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaeger R. J., Rubin R. J. Plasticizers from plastic devices: Extraction, metabolism and accumulation by biological systems. Science 1970; 170: 460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaeger R. J., Rubin R. J. Migration of a phthalate ester and plasticizer from polyvinyl chloride blood bags with stored human blood and its localization in human tissues. New Engl. J. Med. 1972; 287: 1114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin R. J., Jaeger R. J. Some pharmacologic and toxicological effects of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and other plasticizers. Environ. Health Persp. Exptl. Iss. 1973; 3: 53
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schulz C. O., Rubin R. J. Distribution, metabolism and excretion of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in the rat. Environ. Health Persp. Exptl. Iss. 1973; 3: 123
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rubin R. J., Schulz C. O. Influence of the physical state of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on its biological disposition and action. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1974; 29: 143
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz C. O. Acute lung injury from the interaction of a plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and a polysorbate surfactant. Federation Proc. Abstr. 1974; 33: 234
   Google Scholar
• Rubin R. J., Nair P. P. Plasticisers in human tissues. New Engl. J. Med. 1973; 288: 915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham P. R. Phthalate ester plasticizers—why and how they are used. Environ. Health Persp. Exptl. Iss. 1973; 3: 3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Autian J. Toxicity and health threats of phthalates esters: Review of the literature. Environ. Health Persp. Exptl. Iss. 1973; 4: 3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miripol J., Izzo R., Leuck J., Stern I. J. Factors in Appearance and Transport of Phthalate Plasticizer in Stored Blood. Abstracts of Papers, Soc, Toxicol., 15th Annual Meeting. March, 1976
   Google Scholar
• Miripol J. E., Garvin P. J., Stern I. J., Wallin R. F. Toxicity of Components of Plastic Housing Contact With Blood, Contract No. 1-HB-22990. Sept., 1975, Final Technical Progress Report, Natl. Blood Resource Branch, Natl. Heart and Lung Institute, N.I.H., Bethesda, Md.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt J. G., Garvin P. J., Leestma J. E. Effects of vehicle on the response to intravenous di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in rats. Abstracts of Papers Soc. Toxicol., 14th Annual Meeting. March, 1975
   Google Scholar
• Albro P. W., Thomas R., Fishbein L. Metabolism of diethylhexyl phthalate by rats: Isolation and characterization of the urinary metabolites. J. Chromatogr. 1973; 76: 321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddell W. J., Marlowe C., Miripol J., Garvin P. The distribution in mice of intravenously administered (14C)di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate determined by whole body autoradiography. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1977; 39: 339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garvin P. J., Schmidt J. G., Wallin R. F. Safety evaluation of plasma solutions of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate injected intravenously in rats. Abstracts of Papers, Soc., Toxicol. 15th Annual Meeting. March, 1976
   Google Scholar
• Swinyard E. A., Woodhead J. H., Peterson R. V. Nonspecific effect of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on hexobarbital sleep time. J. Pharm. Sci. 1976; 65: 733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Palma J. R. Guest Editorial in Dialysis and Transplantation. 1976; 98, April/May issue
   Google Scholar
• Tsuchival Y., Sumi K. Thermal decomposition products of polyvinyl chloride. J. Appl. Chem. 1967; 17: 364
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefaux R. Practical Toxicology of Plastics. CRC Press, Cleveland 1968; 392
   Google Scholar
• Kieckebusch W., Jahr K., Czak G., Degkwitz E., Lang K. The physiological properties of epoxidized oils. Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel 1963; 65: 919
   Google Scholar
• Weil C. S., Condra N., Haun C., Striegel J. A. Experimental carcinogenicity and acute toxicity of representative epoxides. Am. Indust. Hyg. Assoc. J. 1963; 24: 305
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larson P. S., Finnegan J. K., Haag H. B., Smith R. B., Jr., Hennigar G. R. Chronic toxicity studies on two epoxidized soybean oils in the rat and dog. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1960; 2: 649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garvin P. J., Lewandowski M. E., Wallin R. F. A teratologic evaluation of plasma-soluble extracts of polyvinyl chloride plastics. The Pharmacologist 1976; 18: 231
   Google Scholar
• Wallin R. F., personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Lefaux R. Industrial Toxicology. Practical toxicology of Plastics. CRC Press, Cleveland 1968; 80–83
   Google Scholar
• Lange C. E., June S., Stein G., Veltman G. So-called vinyl chloride disease—an occupational sclerosing agent?. Intern. Arch. Arbeitsmed 1974; 32: 1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee F. I., Harry D. S. Angiosarcoma of the liver in a vinyl chloride worker. Lancet 1974; 1316, 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breder V., Dennison J. L., Brown M. E. Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of vinyl chloride in vinyl chloride polymers, food simulating solvents and other samples. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists. 1975; 58: 1214
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, G. Plaa. Academic, New York and London
   Google Scholar
• Waddell W. J., Marlowe C., Miripol J. E., Garvin P. J. The distribution in mice of intravenously administered plasma solutions of [14C] di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate determined by whole-body autoradiography. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 1977; 39: 339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar