Sleep disturbances: Core symptoms of major depressive disorder rather than associated or comorbid disorders

References

• Alonso J, Angermeyer MC, Bernert S, Bruffaerts R, Brugha TH, Bryson H, for the ESEMeD/MHEDEA, et al. Investigators. 2004. Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: Results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2000; 420: 21–27
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders4th edn. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC 1994
   Google Scholar
• Anderson IM. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors vs. tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability. J Affect Disord 2000; 58: 19–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armitage R, Hoffmann RF. Sleep EEG, depression and gender. Sleep Med Rev 2001; 5: 237–246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armitage R. Microarchitectural findings in sleep EEG in depression: diagnostic implications. Biol Psychiatry 1995; 37(2)72–84
   Google Scholar
• Armitage R. The effects of antidepressants on sleep in patients with depression. Can J Psychiatry 2000; 45: 803–809
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armstrong SM, McNulty OM, Guardiola-Lemaitre B, Redman JR. Successful use of S20098 and melatonin in an animal model of delayed sleep-phase syndrome (DSPS). Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1993; 46: 45–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger M, Riemann D. REM sleep in depression – An overview. J Sleep Res 1993; 2(4)211–223
   Google Scholar
• Biglia N, Kubatzki F, Sgandurra P, Ponzone R, Marenco D, Peano E, et al. Mirtazapine for the treatment of hot flushes in breast cancer survivors: a prospective pilot trial. Breast J 2007; 13(5)490–495
   Google Scholar
• Breslau N, Roth T, Rosenthal L, Andreski P. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biol Psychiatry 1996; 39: 411–418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fava GA, Grandi S, Canestrari R, Molmar G. Prodromal symptoms in primary major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 1990; 19: 149–152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fava M. Daytime sleepiness and insomnia as correlates of depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65(Suppl 16)27–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ford DE, Kamerow DB. Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?. J Am Med Assoc 1989; 262: 1479–1484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallup Organization. Sleep in America. the Gallup Organization, Princeton, NJ 1991
   Google Scholar
• Gruenberg, AM, Goldstein, RD. 2003. Mood disorders: depression. In:. A Tasman, Kay, J, Lieberman, JA. Psychiatry2nd ed. . Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. p 1207–1236.
   Google Scholar
• Guilleminault C. Agomelatine versus venlafaxine on subjective sleep of patients with major depression disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacology 2005; 15(Suppl 3)S419
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1960; 23: 56–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hannan N, Hamzah Z, Akinpeloye HO, Meagher D. Venlafaxine-mirtazapine combination in the treatment of persistent depressive illness. J Psychopharmacol 2007; 21(2)161–164
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy SH, Emsley R. Placebo-controlled trial of agomelatine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Eur Neuropsy 2006; 16: 93–100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Koretz D, Merikangas AR, et al. The epidemiology of major depressive disorder. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). J Am Med Assoc 2003; 289: 3095–3105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirsch I, Moore TJ, Scoboria A, Nicholls SS. The Emperor's new drugs: An analysis of antidepressant medication data submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Prevent Treat 2002; 5: 23
   Google Scholar
• Krauchi K, Cajochen C, Mori D, Graw P, Wirz-Justice A. Early evening melatonin and S-20098 advance circadian phase and nocturnal regulation of core body temperature. Am J Physiol 1997; 272: R1178–1188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kupfer DJ, Ehlers CL, Frank E, Grochocinski VJ, McEachran AB, et al. EEG sleep profile and recurrent depression. Biol Psychiatry 1991; 30: 641–655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kupfer DJ, Frank E, McEachran AB, Grochocinski VJ. Delta sleep ratio. A biological correlate of early recurrence in unipolar affective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47: 1100–1105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemoine P, Nicolas A. Depression and sleep. World Psychiatr Assoc Bull Depress 2007; 11(33)2–3
   Google Scholar
• Leproult R, Van Onderbergen A, L'hermite-Baleriaux M, Van Cauter E, Copinschi G. Phase-shifts of 24-h rhythms of hormonal release and body temperature following early evening administration of the melatonin agonist agomelatine in healthy older men. Clin Endocrinol 2005; 63: 298–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loo H, Hale A, D'Haenen H. Determination of the dose of agomelatine, a melatoninergic agonist and selective 5-HT(2C) antagonist, in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled dose range study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2002; 17: 239–247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinet L, Guardiola-Lemaitre B, Mocaer E. Entrainment of circadian rhythms by S-20098, a melatonin agonist, is dose and plasma concentration dependent. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1996; 54: 713–718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntyre RS, O'Donovan C. The human cost of not achieving full remission in depression. Can J Psychiatry 2004; 49(3 Suppl 1)10–16
   Google Scholar
• Mendlewicz J, Kerkhofs M. Sleep electroencephalography in depressive illness. A collaborative study by the World Health Organization. Br J Psychiatry 1991; 159: 505–509
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Millan MJ, Brocco M, Gobert A, Dekeyne A. Anxiolytic properties of agomelatine, an antidepressant with melatoninergic and serotonergic properties: role of 5-HT2C receptor blockade. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2005; 177: 448–458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery SA, Asberg M. Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Br J Psychiatry 1979; 134: 382–389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery SA, Kennedy SH, Burrows GD, Lejoyeux M, Hindmarch I. Absence of discontinuation symptoms with agomelatine and occurrence of discontinuation symptoms with paroxetine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2004; 19: 271–280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monti JM. Effect of a reversible monoamine oxidase 6a inhibitor on sleep of depressed patients. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1989; 6: 61–65
   Google Scholar
• Mrakotsky C, Masek B, Biederman J, Raches D, Hsin O, Forbes P, et al. Prospective open-label pilot trial of mirtazapine in children and adolescents with social phobia. J Anxiety Disord 2008; 22(1)88–97
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nofzinger EA, Nichols TE, Meltzer CC, Price J, Steppe DA, Miewald JM, et al. Changes in forebrain function from waking to REM sleep in depression: preliminary analyses of 18FFDG PET studies. Psychiatry Res 1999; 91: 59–78
   Google Scholar
• Paykel ES, Brugha E, Frayers E. Size and burden off depressive disorders in Europe. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005; 15: 411–423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohayon M, Roth T. Place of chronic insomnia in the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2003; 37: 9–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perlis ML, Giles DE, Buysse DJ, Tu X, Kupfer DJ. Self-reported sleep disturbance as a prodromal symptom in recurrent depression. J Affect Disord 1997; 42: 209–212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quera Salva MA, Vanier B, Chapotot F, Bohic M, André S, Moulin C, et al. Effect of agomelatine on the sleep EEG in patients with major depressive disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005; 15(Suppl 3)S435
   Google Scholar
• Quera-Salva MA, Vanier B, Laredo J, Hartley S, Chapotot F, Moulin C, et al. Major depressive disorder, sleep EEG and agomelatine: an open-label study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2007; 10(5)691–696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douery D, Oswald P, Massat I, Bailer U, Bollen J, Demyttenaere K, et al. Group for the Study of Resistant Depression. Clinical factors associated with treatment resistant in major Depressive Disorder: results from a European multicenter. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 7: 1062–1070
   Google Scholar
• Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR. Bupropion-SR, sertraline, or venlafaxine-XR after failure of SSRIs for depression. New Eng J Med 2006; 354: 1231–1242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schüle C, Baghai TC, Eser D, Hecht S, Hermisson I, Born C, et al. Mirtazapine monotherapy versus combination therapy with mirtazapine and aripiprazole in depressed patients without psychotic features: a 4-week open-label parallel-group study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2007; 8(2)112–122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonawalla SB, Fava M. Severe depression: is there a best approach?. CNS Drugs 2005; 15: 765–776
   Google Scholar
• Storosum JG, Elferink AJ, van Zwieten BJ, van den Brink W, Gersons BP, van Strik R, et al. Short-term efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants revisited: a meta-analytic study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2001; 11: 173–180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thase ME. Antidepressant treatment of the depressed patients with insomnia. J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60(Suppl 17)28–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thase ME. Achieving remission and managing relapse in depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 64(Suppl 18)3–7
   Google Scholar
• Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR. Medication augmentation after the failure of SSRIs for depression. New Eng J Med 2006; 354: 243–1252
   Google Scholar
• Tsuno N, Besset A. Sleep and depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 1254–1269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson S, Argyropoulos S. Antidepressants and sleep. A qualitative review of the literature. Drugs 2005; 65(7)927–947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yous S, Andrieux J, Howell HE, Morgan PJ, Renard P, Pfeiffer B, et al. Novel napthalenic ligands with high affinity for the melatonin receptor. J Med Chem 1992; 35: 1484–1486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar