Altered cardiovascular adaptability in depressed patients without heart disease

References

• Adler NE, Boyce WT, Chesney MA, Folkman S, Syme SL. 1993. Socioeconomic inequalities in health. No easy solution. J Am Med Assoc 269:3140–3150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barth J, Schumacher M, Herrmann-Lingen C. 2004. Depression as a risk factor for mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Psychosom Med 66:802–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battaglia M, Ferini-Strambi L, Smirne S, Bernadeschi L, Oldani A, Bellodi L. 1995. Cardiac autonomic function during sleep of never-depressed borderline subjects: a pilot study. J Psychiatr Res 29:397–405.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. 1961. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4:561–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck AT, Steer RA, Garbin MG. 1988. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: twenty-five years of evaluation. Clin Psychol Rev 8:77–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleil ME, Gianaros PJ, Jennings JR, Flory JD, Manuck SB. 2008. Trait negative affect: toward an integrated model of understanding psychological risk for impairment in cardiac autonomic function. Psychosom Med 70:328–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brook RD, Julius S. 2000. Autonomic imbalance, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk. Am J Hypertens 13:112–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosschot JF, Pieper S, Thayer JF. 2005. Expanding stress theory: prolonged activation and perseverative cognition. Psychoneu-roendocrinology 30:1043–1049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carney RM, Freedland KE, Veith RC. 2005. Depression, the autonomic nervous system, and coronary heart disease. Psy-chosom Med 67:29–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter KM, Bittner JB. 1995. Dimensional characteristics of the SCL90-R: evaluation of gender differences in dually diagnosed inpatients. J Clin Psychol 51:383–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casu M, Patrone V, Gianelli MV, Marchegiani A, Ragni G, Murialdo G, . 2002. Spectral analysis of R-R interval variability by short-term recording in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 7:239–243.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll D, Smith GD, Shipley MJ, Steptoe A, Brunner EJ, Marmot MG. 2001. Blood pressure reactions to acute psychosocial stress and future blood pressure status: A 10-year followup of men in the Whitehall II study. Psychosom Med 63:737–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derogatis LR. 1992. SCL-90-R. Administration, scoring, and procedures manual. Townson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
   Google Scholar
• Franke GH. 2002. Die Symptom-Check-Liste von Derogatis Deutsche Version. [The Symptom-Checklist by Derogatis German version.]. Göttingen: Beltz Test GmbH.
   Google Scholar
• Fortin J, Habenbacher W, Gruellenberger R, Wach P, Skabal F. 1998. Real-time monitor for hemodynamic beat-to-beat parameters and power spectra analysis of the biosignals. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 20:360–363.
   Google Scholar
• Fortin J, Habenbacher W, Heller A, Hacker A, Gruellenberger R, Innerhofer J, . 2006. Non-invasive beat-to-beat cardiac output monitoring by an improved method of transthoracic bioimpedance measurement. Comp Biol Med 36:1185–1203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedland KE, Carney RM, Skala JA. 2005. Depression and smoking in coronary heart disease. Psychosom Med 67:42–46.
   Google Scholar
• Gratze G, Fortin J, Holler A, Grasenick K, Pfurtscheller G, Wach P, . 1998. A software package for non-invasive, real-time beat-to-beat monitoring of stroke volume, blood pressure, total peripheral resistance and for assessment of autonomic function. Comp Biol Med 28:121–142.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gupka RK. 2009. Major depression: an illness with objective physical signs. World J Biol Psychiatry 10:196–201.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hammen C. 2006. Stress generation in depression: reflections on origins, research, and future directions. J Clin Psychol 62:1065–1082.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hemetta JM. 2008. The nosologic relationship between generalized anxiety disorder and major depression. Depress Anxiety 25:300–316.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hughes JW, Stoney CM. 2000. Depressed mood is related to high-frequency heart rate variability during stressors. Psychosom Med 62:796–803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamarck TW, Lovallo WR. 2003. Cardiovascular reactivity to psychological challenge: conceptual and measurement considerations. Psychosom Med 65:9–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler RC. 2002. Epidemiology of depression. Gotlib IH, Hammen C. Handbook of depression. New York: Guilford Press. 23–42.
   Google Scholar
• Kibler JL, Ma M. 2004. Depressive symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory behavioral stress. Int J Behav Med 11:81–87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koo-Loeb JH, Costello N, Light KC, Girdler SS. 2000. Women with eating disorder tendencies display altered cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and psychosocial profiles. Psychosom Med 62:539–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtman JH, Bigger JT Jr, Blumenthal JE, Frasure-Smith N, Kaufmann PG, Lespe´rance F, . 2008. Depression and coronary heart disease: recommendations for screening, referral, and treatment: a science advisory from the American Heart Association Prevention Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research: endorsed by the American Psychiatric Association. Circulation 118:1768–1775.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovallo WR, Gerin W. 2003. Psychophysiological reactivity: mechanisms and pathways to cardiovascular disease. Psychosom Med 65:26–45.
   Google Scholar
• Margraf J. 1994. Mini-DIPS. Diagnostisches Kurz-Interview bei psychischen Störungen [Mini-DIPS. Diagnostic interview for mental disorders]. Berlin: Springer. Matthews SC, Nelesen RA, Dimsdale JE. 2005. Depressive Symptoms are associated with increased systemic vascular resistance to stress. Psycho-som Med 67:509–513.
   Google Scholar
• McCaffery JM, Papandonatos GD, Stanton C, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Niaura R. 2008. Depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking in twins from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Health Psychol 27:207–215.
   Google Scholar
• McEwen BS. 1998. Stress, adaptation, and disease. Allostasis and allostatic load. Ann NY Acad Sci 840:33–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFarlane A, Kamath MV, Fallen EL, Malcom V, Cherian F, Norman G. 2001. Effect of sertraline on the recovery rate of cardiac autonomic function in depressed patients after acute myocadial infarction. Am Heart J 142:617–623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mössner R, Mikova O, Koutsilieri E, Saoud M, Ehlis A, Müller N, . 2007. Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on biological markers: biological markers in depression. World J Biol Psychiatry 8:141–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moseley JV, Linden W. 2006. Predicting blood pressure and heart rate change with cardiovascular reactivity and recovery: results from 3-year and 10-year follow up. Psychosom Med 68:833–843.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mueck-Weymann M, Moesler T, Joraschky P, Regensburg M, Agelink MW. 2002. Depression modulates autonomic cardiac control: a psychophysiological pathway linking depression and cardiac mortality? German J Psychiatry 5:67–69.
   Google Scholar
• Nahshoni E, Aravot D, Aizenberg D, Sigler M, Zalsman G, Stras-berg B, . 2004. Heart rate variability in patients with major depression. Psychosomatics 45:129–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieper S, Brosschot JF. 2005. Prolonged stress-related cardiovascular activation: is there any? Ann Behav Med 30:91–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prkachin KM, Mills DE, Zwaal C, Husted J. 2001. Comparison of hemodynamic responses to social and nonsocial stress: evaluation of an anger interview. Psychophysiology 38:879–885.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richter P, Werner J, Heerleins A, Kraus A, Sauer H. 1998. On the validity of the Beck Depression Inventory. A review. Psychopathology 31:160–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roose SP, Miyazaki M. 2005. Pharmacologic treatment of depression in patients with heart disease. Psychosom Med 67:54–57.
   Google Scholar
• Rozanski A, Blumenthal JA, Davidson KW, Saab PG, Kubzansky L. 2005. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: the emerging field of behavioural cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 45:637–651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rugulies R. 2002. Depression as a predictor for coronary heart disease. A review and meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med 23:51–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salomon C, Clift A, Karlsdo´ ttir M, Rottenberg J. 2009. Major depressive disorder is associated with attenuated cardiovascular reactivity and impaired recovery among those free of cardiovascular disease. Health Psychol 28:157–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepard RJ. 2003. Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaire. Br J Sports Med 37:197206.
   Google Scholar
• Shufelt CL, Bairey Merz CN. 2009. Contraceptive hormone use and cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 53:221–231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, and North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. 1996. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation 93:1043–1065.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thayer JF, Brosschot JF. 2005. Psychosomatics and psychopathology: looking up and down from the brain. Psychoneuroendo-crinology 30:1050–1058.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thayer JF, Sternberg E. 2006. Beyond heart rate variability: vagal regulation of allostatic systems. Ann NY Acad Sci 1088:361–372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udupa K, Sathyapraba TN, Thirthalli J, Kishore KR, Lavekar GS, Raju TR, Gangadhar BN. 2007. Alteration of cardiac autonomic functions in patients with major depression: a study using heart rate variability measures. J Affect Disord 100:137–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vigo DE, Castro MN, Dörpinghaus A, Weidema H, Cardinali DP, Siri LN, . 2008. Nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability in patients with eating disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 9:183–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar