The association between moral disengagement, psychological distress, resistive self-regulatory efficacy and alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents in Sydney, Australia

References

• Ando M, Asakura T, Ando S, Simons-Morton B. Psychological factors associated with smoking and drinking among Japanese early adolescent boys and girls: Cross-sectional study. BioPsychoSocial Medicine 2007; 1(13)1–10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andrews G, Henderson S, Hall W. Prevalence, comorbidity, disability and service utilisation: Overview of the Australian National Mental Health Survey. British Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 178: 145–153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthony JC, Petronis KR. Early-onset drug use and risk of later drug problems. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 1995; 40: 9–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arthur M, Hawkins JD, Pollard JS, Catalano RF, Bajliono Jr AJ. Measuring risk and protective factors for substance use, delinquency, and other adolescent problem behaviours: The communities that care survey. Evaluation Review 2002; 26: 575–601
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Australian Bureau of Statistics (2008). National survey of mental health and wellbeing: Summary of results. Canberra: ABS
   Google Scholar
• Australian Drug Foundation (2011). Drug law in Australia. Drug Info Clearing House. Retrieved from http://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/topics/drug-law-in-australia
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing (2004). Responding to the mental health needs of young people in Australia: Discussion paper, principles and strategies. Canberra: National Mental Health Strategy
   Google Scholar
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2005). 2004 National Drug Strategy Household Survey: Detailed findings. Canberra: AIHW
   Google Scholar
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2008). 2007 National Drug Strategy Household Survey: First results Drug Statistics Series No. 20. Canberra: AIHW
   Google Scholar
• Bandura A. Self-efficay: Toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological Review 1977; 84: 191–215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A. Miltifaceted scale of mechanisms of moral disengagement. Stanford University, Stanford, California 1995
   Google Scholar
• Bandura A. Self efficacy: The exercise of moral agency. W. H. Freeman, New York 1997
   Google Scholar
• Bandura A. The role of selective moral disengagement in terrorism and counterterrorism. Understanding terrorism: Psychosocial roots, consequences, and interventions, FM Moghaddam, AJ Marsella. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC 2004; 121–150
   Google Scholar
• Bandura A, Barbaranelli C, Caprara GV, Pastorelli C. Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1996a; 71: 364–374
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A, Barbaranelli C, Caprara GV, Pastorelli C. Multifaceted impact of self-efficacy befiefs on academic functioning. Child Development 1996b; 67: 1206–1222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A, Barbaranelli C, Caprara GV, Pastorelli C. Self-efficacy beliefs as shapers of children's aspirations and career trajectories. Child Development 2001; 72: 187–206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A, Caprara GV, Barbaranelli C, Gerbino M, Pastorelli C. Role of affective self-regulatory efficacy in diverse spheres of psychosocial functioning. Child Development 2003; 74: 769–782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura A, Caprara GV, Barbaranelli C, Pastorelli C, Regalia C. Sociocognitive self-regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behaviour. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2001; 80: 125–135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes GM, Welte JW, Hoffman JH, Dintcheff BA. Gambling and alcohol use among youth: Influences of demographic, socializaion and individual factors. Addictive Behaviors 1999; 24: 749–767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes GM, Welte JW, Hoffman JH, Dintcheff BA. Shared predictors of youthful gambling, substance use, and delinquency. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2005; 19: 165–174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrendt S, Wittchen H, Hofler M, Lieb R, Beesdo K. Transitions from first substance use to substance use disorders in adolescence: Is early onset associated with a rapid escalation?. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2009; 99: 68–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonevski B, Sanson-Fisher RW, Campbell EM, Ireland MC. Do general practice patients find computer health risk surveys acceptable? A comparison with pen and paper method. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 1997; 7: 100–106
   Google Scholar
• Brook JS, Brook DW, Richter L, Whiteman M. Risk and protective factors of adolescent drug use: Implications for prevention programs. Handbook of drug abuse prevention: Theory, science and practice, Z Sloboda, WJ Bukoski. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York 2003; 265–287
   Google Scholar
• Bryant FB, & Yarnold, P.R. (2004). Principal-components analysis and exploratory and confirmatory analysis. In L.G. Grimm & P.R. Yarnold (Eds.), Reading and understanding multivariate statistics. (pp. 99–136) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
   Google Scholar
• Burns L, Teesson M, O'Neill K. The impact of comorbid anxiety and depression on alcohol treatment outcomes. Addiction 2005; 100: 787–796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cable N, Sacker A. The role of adolescent disinhibition expectancies in moderating the relationship between psychological distress and alcohol use and misuse. Addictive Behaviors 2007; 32: 282–295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caprara GV, Fida R, Vecchione M, Bove G, Vecchio G, Barbaranelli C, Bandura A. Longitudinal analysis of the role of percieved self-efficacy for self-regulated learning in academic continuance and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology 2008; 100: 525–534
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caprara GV, Regalia C, Bandura A. Longitudinal imapct of perceived self-regulatory efficacy on violent conduct. European Psychologist 2002; 7: 63–39
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caprara GV, Scabini E, Barbaranelli C, Pastorelli C, Regalia C, Bandura A. Impact of adolescents' perceived self-regulatory efficacy on familial communication and antisocial conduct. European Psychologist 1998; 3: 125–132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrol KM. Methodological issues and problems in the assessment of substance use. Psychological Assessment 1995; 7: 349–358
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll A, Houghton S, Wood R, Unsworth K, Hattiem J, Gordon L. Self-effiacy and academic achievemtn in Australian high school students: The mediating effects of academic aspirations and delinquency. Journal of Adolescence 2009; 32: 797–817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cermak I, Blatny M. Personality indicators of aggression and moral disengagement. Studia Psychologica 1995; 37: 199–201
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chikritzhs T, & Pascal, R. (2004). Under-age drinking among 14-17 year olds and related harms in Australia National Alcohol Indicators Bulletin No. 7. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing
   Google Scholar
• Clark C, Haines M, Head J, Klineberg E, Arephin M, Viner R, , Stansfeld SA, et al. Psychological symptoms and physical health and health behaviours in adolescents: A prospective 2-year study in East London. Addiction 2007; 102: 126–135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark DB, Winters KM. Measuring risks and outcomes in substance use disorders prevention research. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 2002; 70: 1207–1223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins DJ, Lapsley HM. The costs of tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug abuse to Australian society in 2004/05. Commonwealth of Australia 2008, Canberra 2008
   Google Scholar
• Conrod P, Castellanos N, Mackie C. Personality-targeted intervention delay the growth of adolescent drinking and binge drinking. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2008; 49: 181–190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrod PJ, Castellanos N, Strang J. Brief, personality-targeted coping skills interventions prolong survival as a non-drug user over a two-year period during adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry 2010; 67: 85–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowley TJ, Mikulich SK, Ehlers KM, Whitmore AE, Macdonald MJ. Validity of structured clinical evaluations in adolescents with conduct and substance problems. Journal of American Acadamy for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2001; 40: 256–273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (2008). The state of Victoria's young people. Melbourne: Department of Education and Early Childhood Development and Department of Planning and Community Development
   Google Scholar
• Dorard G, Berthoz S, Phan O, Corcos M, Bungener C. Affect dysregulation in cannabis abusers: A study in adolescents and young adults. European Child and Adolescent Pscyhiatry 2008; 17: 274–282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drapeau A, Beaulieu-Prévost D, Marchand A, Boyer R, Préville M, Kairouz S. A life-course and time perspective on the construct validity of psychological distress in women and men. Measurement invariance of the K6 across gender. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2010; 10(68)1–16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frisher M. Crome, I., Macleod, J., Bloor, R., & Hickman, M. 2007, Predictive factor for illicit drug use among young people: A literature review Home office online report 05/07. UK: Research Development and Statistics Directorate, Home Office
   Google Scholar
• Grant JD, Scherrer JF, Lynskey MT, Lyons MJ, Eisen SA, Tsuang MT, , Bucholz KK, et al. Adolescent alcohol use is a risk factor for adult alcohol and drug dependence: Evidence from a twin design. Psychological Medicine 2006; 36: 109–118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber E, DiClements R, Anderson M, Lodico M. Early drinking onset and its associatin with alcohol use and problem behaviour in late adolescent. Preventive Medicine 1996; 25: 293–300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall W. Degenhardt, L., & Lynskey, M. 2001, The health and psycholgical effects of cannabis use Monograph Series No. 44. Canberra: National Drug Strategy
   Google Scholar
• Hansell S, White HR. Adolescent drug use, psycological distress and physical symptoms. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 1991; 32: 288–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller J. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin 1992; 112: 64–105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry KL, Thornberry TP. Truancy and Escalation of Substance Use During Adolescence. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 2010; 71: 115–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holahan CJ, Moos RH, Holahan CK, Cronkite RC, Randall PK. Drinking to cope and alocho use and abuse in unipolar depression: A 10 year model. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2003; 112: 159–165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler RC, Andrews G, Colpe LJ, Hiripi E, Mroczek DK, Normans SLT, , Zaslavsky AM, et al. Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine 2002; 32: 959–976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiriakidis SP. Moral Disengagement: Relation to Delinquency and Independence From Indices of Social Dysfunction. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 2008; 52: 571–583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kloos A, Weller RA, Chan R, Weller EB. Gender differences in adolescent substance abuse. Current Psychitary Reports 2009; 11: 120–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kochanska G, Gross JN, Lin MH, Nichols KE. Guilt in young children: Development, determinants, and relations with a broader system of standards. Child Development 2002; 73: 461–482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee VE. Using hierarchical linear modelling to study social contexts: The case of school effects. Educational Psychologist 2000; 35: 125–141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leenders I, Brugman D. Moral/non-moral domain shift in young adolescents in relation to delinquent behaviour. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 2005; 23: 65–79
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loxley W, Toumbouruo JW, Stockwell T, Haines B, Scott K, Godfrey C, , Williams J, et al. The prevention of substance use, risk and harm in Australia: A review of the evidence Monograph. Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, Canberra 2004
   Google Scholar
• Macleod J, Oakes R, Copello A, Crome I, Egger M, Hickman M, , Davey Smith G, et al. Psychoological and social sequelae of cannabis and other illicit drug use by young people: A systematic review of longitudinal, general population studies. The Lancet 2004; 363: 1579–1588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin G, Copeland J, Gilmour S, Gates P, Swift W. The adolescent cannabis problems questionnaire (CPQ-A): Psychometric properties. Addictive behaviours 2006; 31: 2238–2248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathers C, Vos T, Stevenson C. The burden of disease and injury in Australia. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra 1999
   Google Scholar
• McAllister I. Alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults. Australian National University, Canberra 2003
   Google Scholar
• McLaren J. Lemon, J., Robins, L., & Mattick, R.P. 2008, Cannabis and Mental Health: Put into Context: Prepared by the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre for the National Drug Strategy, Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing
   Google Scholar
• Mukherjee D. Socio-economic status and school system enrolements. Australian Centre for Equity through Education, Sydney 1999
   Google Scholar
• National Health and Medical Research Council. Australian alcohol guidelines: Health risks and benefits. NHMRC, Canberra 2001
   Google Scholar
• Newton N, (2005). The age of reason: The examination of psychosocial factors involved in adolescent criminal decision making. B.Psych (Hons), Macquarie University, Sydney
   Google Scholar
• Newton NC, Andrews G, Teesson M, Vogl LE. Delivering prevention for alcohol and cannabis using the internet: A cluster randomised controlled trial. Preventive Medicine 2009; 48: 579–584
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton NC, & Bussey, K. (2011). The age of reason: An examination of psychosocial factors involved in delinquent behaviour. Legal and Criminological Psychology, doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8333.2010.02004.x
   Google Scholar
• Newton N, Teesson M, Vogl L, Andrews G. Internet-based prevention for alcohol and cannabis use: Final results of the Climate Schools course. Addiction 2010; 105: 749–759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien, R.M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality and Quantity, 41, 673–690.
   Google Scholar
• Office of National Drug Control Policy (2008). Marijuana: The greatest cause of illegal drug abuse. In Executive Office of the President (Ed.), Marijuana source book. Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Paciello M, Fida R, Tramontano C, Lupinetti C, Caprara GV. Stability and change or moral disengagement and its impact on aggression and violence in late adolescence. Child Development 2008; 79: 1288–1309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastorelli C, Caprara GV, Barbaranelli C, Rola J, Rozsa S, Bandura A. The structure of children's perceived self-efficacy: A cross-national study. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2001; 17: 87–97
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton G, Coffey C, Lynskey MT, Reid S, Hemphill S, Carlin JB, Hall W. Trajectories of adolescent alcohol and cannabis use into young adulthood. Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne 2007
   Google Scholar
• Pelton J, Gound M, Forehand R, Brody G. The moral disengagement scale: Extension with an American minority sample. Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment 2004; 26: 31–39
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spooner C, Hall W. Preventing drug misuse by young people: We need to do more than ‘just say no.’. Addiction 2002a; 97: 478–481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spooner C, Hall W. Public policy and the prevention of substance-use disorders. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2002b; 15: 235–239
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spooner C. Mattick, R., & Howard, J. 1996, The nature and treatment of adolescent substance abuse Monograph No. 26. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre
   Google Scholar
• Statacorp (2009). Stata statistical software: Release 11. College Station, TX: Statacorp LP
   Google Scholar
• Stockwell T, Toumbouruo JW, Letcher P, Smart D, Sanson A, Bond L. Risk and protective factors for different intensities of adolescent substance use: When does the prevention paradox apply?. Drug and Alcohol Review 2004; 23: 67–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swadi H. Individual risk factors for adolescent substance use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 1999; 55: 209–224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogl L, Teesson M, Andrews G, Bird K, Steadman B, Dillon P. A computerised harm minimisation prevention program for alcohol misuse and related harms: Randomised controlled trial. Addiction 2009; 104: 564–575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadava A, Sharma NR, Gandhi A. Aggression and moral disengagement. Journal of Personality and Clinical Studies 2001; 17: 95–99
   Google Scholar