70
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The relationship of body fatness indices and retinal vascular caliber in children

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 267-274 | Received 06 Nov 2010, Published online: 08 Jun 2011

References

  • Han JC, Lawlor DA, Kimm SY. Childhood obesity. Lancet. 2010;375:1737–48.
  • Thomsen SF, Ulrik CS, Kyvik KO . Association between obesity and asthma in a twin cohort. Allergy. 2007;62:1199–204.
  • Mamun AA, Hayatbakhsh MR, O'Callaghan M, Williams G, Najman J. Early overweight and pubertal maturation – pathways of association with young adults’ overweight: a longitudinal study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009;33:14–20.
  • Savino A, Pelliccia P, Chiarelli F, Mohn A. Obesity-related renal injury in childhood. Horm Res Paediatr. 2010;73: 303–11.
  • Taylor ED, Theim KR, Mirch MC . Orthopedic complications of overweight in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2006;117:2167–74.
  • Daniels SR. Complications of obesity in children and adolescents. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009;33(Suppl. 1):S60–5.
  • Wong TY, Klein R, Couper DJ . Retinal microvascular abnormalities and incident stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Lancet. 2001;358:1134–40.
  • Liew G, Wong TY, Mitchell P, Wang JJ. Are narrower or wider retinal venules associated with incident hypertension? Hypertension. 2006;48:e10;author reply e1.
  • Ikram MK, de Jong FJ, Vingerling JR . Are retinal arteriolar or venular diameters associated with markers for cardiovascular disorders? The Rotterdam Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:2129–34.
  • Wong TY, Duncan BB, Golden SH . Associations between the metabolic syndrome and retinal microvascular signs: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:2949–54.
  • Wong TY, Islam FM, Klein R . Retinal vascular caliber, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammation: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:2341–50.
  • Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, Wong TY, Sharrett AR. Retinal vascular caliber in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Wisconsin Epidemiological Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: XX. Ophthalmology. 2006;113:1488–98.
  • Cheung N, Saw SM, Islam FM . BMI and retinal vascular caliber in children. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15: 209–15.
  • Taylor B, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ . Body mass index and its effects on retinal vessel diameter in 6-year-old children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31:1527–33.
  • Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Wang J . Do skinfold measurements provide additional information to body mass index in the assessment of body fatness among children and adolescents? Pediatrics. 2007;119:e1306–13.
  • Frisancho AR. Triceps skin fold and upper arm muscle size norms for assessment of nutrition status. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974;27:1052–8.
  • Patton N, Aslam T, Macgillivray T, Dhillon B, Constable I. Asymmetry of retinal arteriolar branch widths at junctions affects ability of formulae to predict trunk arteriolar widths. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:1329–33.
  • Must A, Dallal GE, Dietz WH. Reference data for obesity: 85th and 95th percentiles of body mass index (wt/ht2) and triceps skinfold thickness. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;53: 839–46.
  • Ogden CL, Kuczmarski RJ, Flegal KM . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts for the United States: improvements to the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics version. Pediatrics. 2002;109: 45–60.
  • Katzmarzyk PT, Srinivasan SR, Chen W, Malina RM, Bouchard C, Berenson GS. Body mass index, waist circumference, and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a biracial sample of children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;114:e198–205.
  • Ko GT, Chan JC, Cockram CS, Woo J. Prediction of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia or albuminuria using simple anthropometric indexes in Hong Kong Chinese. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23:1136–42.
  • He J, Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Chen JY, Qian MC, He GQ. Body mass and blood pressure in a lean population in southwestern China. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;139:380–9.
  • Park YW, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D. Larger amounts of visceral adipose tissue in Asian Americans. Obes Res. 2001;9:381–7.
  • Rattarasarn C, Soonthornpan S, Leelawattana R, Setasuban W. Decreased insulin secretion but not insulin sensitivity in normal glucose tolerant Thai subjects. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29:742–3.
  • Fukushima M, Suzuki H, Seino Y. Insulin secretion capacity in the development from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004;66(Suppl. 1):S37–43.
  • Kolodjaschna J, Berisha F, Lung S . LPS-induced microvascular leukocytosis can be assessed by blue-field entoptic phenomenon. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004;287: H691–4.
  • Tamai K, Matsubara A, Tomida K . Lipid hydroperoxide stimulates leukocyte-endothelium interaction in the retinal microcirculation. Exp Eye Res. 2002;75:69–75.
  • Oren S, Grossman E, Frohlich ED. Arterial and venous compliance in obese and nonobese subjects. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77:665–7.
  • Surmacz E. Obesity hormone leptin: a new target in breast cancer? Breast Cancer Res. 2007;9:301.
  • Procopio C, Andreozzi F, Laratta E . Leptin-stimulated endothelial nitric-oxide synthase via an adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase/Akt signaling pathway is attenuated by interaction with C-reactive protein. Endocrinology. 2009;150:3584–93.
  • Guo SS, Huang C, Maynard LM . Body mass index during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood in relation to adult overweight and adiposity: the Fels Longitudinal Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1628–35.
  • Power C, Jefferis BJ, Manor O. Childhood cognition and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in midadulthood: the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. Am J Public Health. 2010;100: 129–36.
  • Starc G, Strel J. Tracking excess weight and obesity from childhood to young adulthood: a 12-year prospective cohort study in Slovenia. Public Health Nutr. 2010:1–7.
  • Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes. 2002;51:204–9.
  • Alemzadeh R, Kichler J, Babar G, Calhoun M. Hypovitaminosis D in obese children and adolescents: relationship with adiposity, insulin sensitivity, ethnicity, and season. Metabolism. 2008;57:183–91.
  • Bjorge T, Engeland A, Tverdal A, Smith GD. Body mass index in adolescence in relation to cause-specific mortality: a follow-up of 230,000 Norwegian adolescents. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;168:30–7.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.