Using Lego robots to estimate cognitive ability in children who have severe physical disabilities

References

• Van Vliet P, Wing AM. A new challenge – robotics in the rehabilitation of the neurologically motor impaired. Phys Ther 1991;71:39–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell R, Hay KE. Software-based access and control of robotic manipulators for severely physically disabled students. J Artif Intell Educ 1989;1:53–72.
   Google Scholar
• Howell RD, Damarin SK, Post PE, editors. The use of robotic manipulators as cognitive and physical prosthetic aids. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Rehabilitation Technology. San Jose, CA, USA: RESNA; 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Blanarovich AM, Lathan CE, editors. Design of personal augmentation devices (PADS): exploratory agents for children with severe disabilities. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology. Atlanta, GA: IEEE; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Kronreif G, Kornfeld M, Furst M, Wogerer C, Prazak B, Mina S, editors. Playing assistant for physical handicapped children. International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics. Monterey, CA; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Kronreif G, Prazak B, Mina S, Kornfeld M, Meindl M, Fürst M, editors. PlayROB – Robot-assisted playing for children with severe physical disabilities. Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE 9th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics. Chicago, IL; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Prazak B, Kronreif G, Hochgatterer A, Fürst M. Development pilot: a toy robot for physically disabled children. Technol Disabil 2004;16:131–136.
   Google Scholar
• Cook AM, Liu KM, Hoseit P. Robotic arm use by very young motorically disabled children. Assist Technol 1990;2:51–57.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cook AM, Hoseit P, Liu KM, Lee RY, Zenteno-Sanchez CM. Using a robotic arm system to facilitate learning in very young disabled children. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1988;35:132–137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook AM, Howery K, Gu J, Meng M. Robot enhanced interaction and learning for children with profound physical disabilities. Technol Disabil 2000;13:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Cook AM, Meng M, Gu J, Howery K. Development of a robotic device for facilitating learning by children who have severe disabilities. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2002;10:178–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook AM, Bentz B, Harbottle N, Lynch C, Miller B. School-based use of a robotic arm system by children with disabilities. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2005;13:452–460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlan G, Nof S, Widmer N, McEwen I, Nail B, editors. Preliminary clinical evaluation of a prototype interactive robotic device (IRD-1). Montreal, Quebec: ICAART 88; 1988.
   Google Scholar
• Kwee H, Quaedackers J, van de Bool E, Theeuwen L, Speth L. Adapting the control of the MANUS manipulator for persons with cerebral palsy: an exploratory study. Technol Disabil 2002;14:31–42.
   Google Scholar
• Kwee H, Quaedackers J, van de Bool E, Theeuwen L, Speth L, editors. POCUS project: adapting the control of the MANUS manipulator for persons with cerebral palsy. International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR). Palo Alto, CA; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Smith J, Topping M. The introduction of a robotic aid to drawing into a school for physically handicapped children: a case study. Br J Occup Ther 1996;59:565–569.
   Google Scholar
• Howell R, Hay K. Software-based access and control of robotic manipulators for severely physically disabled students. J Artif Intell Educ 1989;1:53–72.
   Google Scholar
• Eberhardt SP, Osborne J, Rahman T. Classroom evaluation of the Arlyn Arm robotic workstation. Assis Technol 2000;12:132–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman G. Observations of young children solving problems with computers and robots. J Res Childhood Educ 1986;1:60–73.
   Google Scholar
• Russell DJ, Rosenbaum PL, Avery L, Lane M. Gross motor function measure (gmfm-66 and gmfm-88) user's manual: clinics in developmental medicine. London: MacKeith Press; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Dunn L, Dunn L. Peabody picture vocabulary test. Circle Pine, MN: American Guidance Service; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Roid GH, Miller LJ. Leiter international performance scale – revised: examiners manual. Wood Dale, IL: Stoelting Co; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper M, Keating D, Harwin W, Dautenhahn K. Robots in the classroom – tools for accessible education. Paper presented at the AAATE Conference 1999, The 5th European Conference for the Advancement of Assistive Technology. Dusseldorf, Germany: IOS Press; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Karna-Lin E, Pihlainen-Bednarik K, Sutinen E, Virnes M. Can robots teach? Preliminary results on educational robotics in special education. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT'06). Kerkrade, The Netherlands; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Cook A, Adams K, Harbottle N. Lego robot use by children with severe disabilities. CSUN Conference on Technology and Persons with Disabilities. Los Angeles, CA; 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Schulmeister J, Wiberg C, Adams K, Cook C. Robot assisted play for children with disabilities. Atlanta, GA: RESNA; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Zimmerman IL, Steiner VG, Pond RE. Preschool language scale. 4th ed. San Antonia, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 2002.
   Google Scholar