The immediate effect of treadmill walking on step variability in boys with a history of severe traumatic brain injury and typically-developed controls

References

• Brink JD, Garrett AL, Hale WR, Nickel VL, Woo–Sam J. Recovery of motor and intellectual function in children sustaining severe head injuries. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 1970; 12: 565–571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Schaaf PJ, Kriel RL, Krach LE, Luxenberg MG. Late improvements in mobility after acquired brain injuries in children. Pediatric Neurology 1997; 16: 306–310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhtz-Buschbeck JP, Hoppe B, Golge M, Dreesmann M, Damm-Stunitz U, Ritz A. Sensorimotor recovery in children after traumatic brain injury: Analyses of gait, gross motor, and fine motor skills. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 2003; 45: 821–828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Lewitus H, Keren O, Meyer S. Relationship between balance abilities and gait characteristics in children with post-traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2008; 22: 153–159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Crommert HW, Mulder T, Duysens J. Neural control of locomotion: Sensory control of the central pattern generator and its relation to treadmill training. Gait & Posture 1998; 7: 251–263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prokop T, Berger W, Zijlstra W, Dietz V. Adaptation and learning processes during human split-belt locomotion: Interaction between central mechanisms and afferent input. Experimental Brain Research 1995; 106: 449–456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi1 J, Bastian A. Adaptation reveals independent control networks for human walking. Neuroscience 2007; 10: 1055–1063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frenkel-Toledo S, Giladi N, Peretz C, Herman T, Gruendlinger L, Hausdorff JM. Treadmill walking as an external pacemaker to improve gait rhythm and stability in Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders 2005; 20: 1109–1114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisman DS, Block H, Bastian AJ. Interlimb coordination during locomotion: What can be adapted and stored?. Journal of Neurophysiology 2005; 94: 2403–2415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown TH, Mount J, Rouland BL, Kautz KA, Barnes RM, Kim J. Body weight-supported treadmill training versus conventional gait training for people with chronic traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2005; 20: 402–415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherer M. Gait rehabilitation with body weight-supported treadmill training for a blast injury survivor with traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2007; 21: 93–100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson DJ, Powell M, Gorham JL, Childers MK. Ambulation training with and without partial weightbearing after traumatic brain injury: Results of a randomized, controlled trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 2006; 85: 68–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathiowetz V, Haugen JB. Motor behavior research: Implications for therapeutic approaches to central nervous system dysfunction. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 1994; 48: 733–745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saatman KE, Duhaime A-C, Bullock R, Maas AIR, Valadka A, Manley GT. Classification of traumatic brain injury for targeted therapies. Journal of Neurotrauma 2008; 25: 719–738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee RD, Nieman DC. Nutritional assessment 3rd. WCB/McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA 2003
   Google Scholar
• Mcdonough AL, Batavia M, Chen FC, Kwon S, Ziai J. The validity and reliability of the gaitrite system's measurements: A preliminary evaluation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001; 82: 419–425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorpe DE, Dusing SC, Moore CG. Repeatability of temporospatial gait measures in children using the gaitrite electronic walkway. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2005; 86: 2342–2346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamasaki M, Sasaki T, Torii M. Sex difference in the pattern of lower limb movement during treadmill walking. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 1991; 62: 99–103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danion F, Varraine E, Bonnard M, Pailhous J. Stride variability in human gait: The effect of stride frequency and stride length. Gait & Posture 2003; 18: 69–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sekiya N, Nagasaki H, Ito H, Furuna T. Optimal walking in terms of variability in step length. Journal of Orthopthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 1997; 26: 266–272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brisswalter J, Mottet D. Energy cost and stride duration variability at preferred transition gait speed between walking and running. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 1996; 21: 471–480
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chou LS, Kaufman KR, Walker-Rabatin AE, Brey RH, Basford JR. Dynamic instability during obstacle crossing following traumatic brain injury. Gait & Posture 2004; 20: 245–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niechwiej-Szwedo EInness EL, Howe JA, Jaglal S, McIlroy WE, Verrier MC. Changes in gait variability during different challenges to mobility in patients with traumatic brain injury. Gait & Posture 2007; 25: 70–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helbostad JL, Leirfall S, Moe-Nilssen R, Sletvold O. Physical fatigue affects gait characteristics in older persons. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Advance 2007; 62: 1010–1015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harley C, Wilkie RM, Wann JP. Stepping over obstacles: Attention demands and aging. Gait & Posture 2009; 29: 428–432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leitner Y, Barak R, Giladi N, Peretz C, Eshel R, Gruendlinger L, Hausdorff JM. Gait in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Effects of methylphenidate and dual tasking. Journal of Neurology 2007; 254: 1330–1338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Keren O, Meyer S. The relationship between step variability, muscle strength and functional walking performance in children with post-traumatic brain injury. Gait & Posture 2009; 29: 154–157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alton F, Baldey L, Caplan S, Morrissey MC. A kinematic comparison of overground and treadmill walking. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) 1998; 13: 434–440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar