566
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Clinical assessment of PTSD in children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities: A pilot study

, , , &
Pages 16-23 | Received 11 Aug 2013, Accepted 12 Aug 2013, Published online: 02 Oct 2013

References

  • Bonanno G. Resilience in the face of potential trauma. American Psychological Society 2005;14:135–138
  • Breslau N. Outcomes of posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2001;62:55–59
  • Gazzaniga M, Heatherton T. Psychological science. New York: W.W. Norton & Company; 2006
  • Tronson N, Taylor J. Molecular mechanisms of memory reconsolidation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2007;8:262–275
  • Cahill L. Do adrenergic and amygdala mechanisms participate in emotion-induced memory impairment? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003;100:13123–13124
  • Van Stegeren A. The role of the noradrenergic system in emotional memory. Acta Psychologica 2008;127:532–541
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR, 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000
  • Kessler R, Chiu W, Demler O, Walters E. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005;62:617–627
  • Brewin C, Lanius R, Novac A, Schnyder U, Galea S. Reformulating PTSD for DSM-V: Life after criterion A. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2009;22:366–373
  • Gold S, Marx B, Soler-Baillo J, Sloan D. Is life stress more traumatic than traumatic stress? Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2005;19:687–698
  • McNally R. Progress and controversy in the study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Reviews of Psychology 2003;54:229–252
  • Rosen G, Lilienfeld S. Posttraumatic stress disorder: An empirical evaluation of core assumptions. Clinical Psychology Review 2008;28:837–868
  • Brewin C, Andrews B, Rose S. Fear, helplessness, and horror in posttraumatic stress disorder: Investigating DSM-IV criterion A2 in victims of violent crime. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2000;13:499–509
  • Friedman M, Resick P, Bryant R, Brewin C. Considering PTSD for DSM-5. Depression and Anxiety 2011;28:750–769
  • Elhai J, Carvalho L, Miguel F, Palmieri P, Primi R, Frueh B. Testing whether posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder are similar or unique constructs. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2011;25:404–410
  • Yufik T, Simms L. A meta-analytic investigation of the structure of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2010;119:764–776
  • Scheeringa M, Myers L, Putnam F, Zeanah C. Diagnosing PTSD in early childhood: An empirical assessment of four approaches. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2012;25:359–367
  • Scheeringa M, Zeanah C, Cohen J. PTSD in children and adolescents: Toward an empirically based algorithm. Depression and Anxiety 2011;28:770–782
  • Hatton C, Emerson E. The relationship between life events and psychopathology amongst children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 2004;17:109–117
  • Mitchell A, Clegg J. Is post-traumatic stress disorder a helpful concept for adults with intellectual disability? Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2005;49:552–559
  • Einfeld S, Ellis L, Emerson E. Co morbidity of intellectual disability and mental disorder in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability 2011;36:137–143
  • McCarthy J. Post-traumatic stress disorder in people with learning disability. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 2001;7:163–169
  • Reiter S, Bryen D, Shachar I. Adolescents with intellectual disabilities as victims of abuse. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 2007;11:371–387
  • Ryan R. Posttraumatic stress disorder in persons with developmental disabilities. Community Mental Health Journal 1994;30:45–54
  • Turk V, Brown H. The sexual abuse of adults with learning disabilities: Results of a two-year incidence survey. Mental Handicap Research 1993;6:193–216
  • Hollins S, Sinason V. Psychotherapy, learning disabilities and trauma: New perspectives. British Journal of Psychiatry 2000;176:32–36
  • Tomasulo D, Razza N. Posttraumatic stress disorder. In: Fletcher R, Loschen E, Stavrakaki C, First M, editors. Diagnostic manual-intellectual disability (DM-ID): A textbook of diagnosis of mental disorders in persons with intellectual disability. Kingston, New York: NADD Press; 2007. pp 365–378
  • Mevissen L, De Jongh A. PTSD and its treatment in people with intellectual disabilities: A review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review 2010;30:308–316
  • Fletcher R, Loschen E, Stavrakaki C, First M, editors. Diagnostic manual-intellectual disability (DM-ID): A textbook of diagnosis of mental disorders in persons with intellectual disability. Kingston, New York: NADD Press; 2007
  • Martorell A, Tsakanikos E. Traumatic experiences and life events in people with intellectual disability. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2008;21:445–448
  • Wigham S, Hatton C, Taylor J. The effects of traumatizing life events on people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities 2011;4:19–39
  • Siebelink B, Treffers D. ADIS-C Handleiding. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger BV; 2001
  • Brackenridge I, Morrissey C. Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a high secure forensic learning disability population: Future directions for practice. Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 2010;4:49–56
  • Mehtar M, Mukaddes N. Posttraumatic stress disorder in individuals with diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 2011;5:539–546
  • Wigham S, Hatton C, Taylor J. The Lancaster and Northgate trauma scales (LANTS): The development and psychometric properties of a measure of trauma for people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2011;32:2651–2659
  • Barol B, Seubert A. Stepping stones: EMDR treatment of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and challenging behavior. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 2010;4:156–169
  • Mevissen L, Lievegoed R, De Jongh A. EMDR treatment in people with mild ID and PTSD: 4 cases. Psychiatric Quarterly 2011;82:43–57
  • Mevissen L, Lievegoed R, Seubert A, De Jongh A. Do persons with intellectual disability and limited verbal capacities respond to trauma treatment? Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability 2011;36:278–283
  • Mevissen L, Lievegoed R, Seubert A, De Jongh A. PTSD treatment in people with severe intellectual disabilities: A case series. Developmental Neurorehabilitation 2012;15:223–232
  • Siebelink B, Treffers D. ADIS-C Scoreformulier Kindinterview. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger BV; 2001
  • Cicchetti D. Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment 1994;6:284–290
  • Stallard P. Psychological interventions for post-traumatic reactions in children and young people. A review of randomised controlled trials. Clinical Psychology Review 2006;26:895–911
  • Alisic E, Jongmans M, Van Wesel F, Kleber R. Building child trauma theory from longitudinal studies: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review 2011;31:736–747
  • Bonanno G, Galea S, Bucciareli A, Vlahov D. What predicts psychological resilience after disaster? The role of demographics, resources, and life stress. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2007;75:671–682
  • Scotti J, Stevens S, Jacoby V, Bracken M, Freed R, Schmidt E. Trauma in People with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Reactions of parents and caregivers to research participation. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 2012;50:199–206

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.