Consensus Within Five Academic Subdisciplines of Pharmacy: Progress Toward Establishing Their Scientific Paradigms

References

• Braxton JM, Hargens LL. Variation among academic disciplines: Analytical frameworks and research. In: Higher education: Handbook of theory and research. Vol. 11. Smart JC, ed. New York: Agathon; 1996:1–46.
   Google Scholar
• Hepler CD. The third wave in pharmaceutical education: The clinical move-ment. Am J Pharm Educ. 1987; 51:369–85.
   Google Scholar
• Conant JB. Science and common sense. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 1951.
   Google Scholar
• Pantin CFA. The relations between the sciences. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press; 1968.
   Google Scholar
• Ravetz JR. Scientific knowledge and its social problems. New York: Oxford University Press; 1971.
   Google Scholar
• Kuhn TS. The structure of scientific revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1970.
   Google Scholar
• Lodahl JB, Gordon G. The structure of scientific fields and the functioning of university graduate departments. Am Sociol Rev. 1972; 37:57–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biglan A. The characteristics of subject matter in different academic areas. J Appl Psychol. 1973; 57:195–203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biglan A. Relationships between subject matter characteristics and the structure and output of university departments. J Appl Psychol. 1973; 57:204–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lodahl JB, Gordon G. Funding the sciences in university departments. Educ Re-cord. 1973; 54:74–82.
   Google Scholar
• Schachter S, Christenfeld N, Rvina B, Bilous F. Speech disfluency and the structure of knowledge. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991; 60:362–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becher T. Academic tribes and territories: Intellectual enquiry and the cultures of disciplines. Milton Keynes, UK; Bristol, PA: Society for Research into Higher Edu-cation and Open University Press; 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Braxton JM, Berger JB. How disciplinary consensus affects faculty. In: Faculty in new jobs. Menges RJ, ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Berelson B. Graduate education in the United States. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1960.
   Google Scholar
• Bazerman, C. Shaping written knowledge: The genre and activity of the experi-mental article in science. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press; 1988.
   Google Scholar
• Line MB. The structure of social science literature as shown by a large-scale ci-tation analysis. Soc Sci Inf Stud. 1981; 1:67–87.
   Google Scholar
• Griffith BC, Small HG. The structure of the social and behavioral sciences liter-ature. In: Stockholm papers in library and information science. Schwartz S, ed. Stock-holm: Royal Institute of Technical Libraries; 1983:1–53.
   Google Scholar
• Garvey WD, Lin N, Nelson CE. Some comparisons of communication activities in the physical and social sciences. In: Communication among scientists and engineers. Nelson C, Pollock DK, eds. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath; 1970:61–84.
   Google Scholar
• Zuckerman H, Merton RK. Patterns of evaluation in science: institution-alization, structure, and functions of the referee system. Minerva. 1971; 9:66–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaston J. The reward system in British and American science. New York: Wiley-Interscience; 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Muffo JA, Langston IW. BigIan's dimensions: Are the perceptions empirically based? Res Higher Educ. 1981; 15:141-59.
   Google Scholar
• Hellas ML. Disciplinary differences in faculty salaries: Does gender bias play a role? J Higher Educ. 1997; 68:299–321.
   Google Scholar
• Smart JC, Elton CF. Administrative roles of department chairmen. In: Exam-ining departmental management: new directions for institutional research. Smart JC, Montgomery JR, eds. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1976.
   Google Scholar
• Gmelch WH, Wilke PK, Lovrich NP. Dimensions of stress among university faculty: Factor analytic results from a national study. Res Higher Educ. 1986; 24:266–86.
   Google Scholar
• Stoecker JL. The Biglan classification revisited. Res Higher Educ. 1993; 34:451–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long KA. Master's degree nursing education and health care reform: Preparing for the future. J Prof Nurs. 1994; 10(2):71–6.
   Google Scholar
• Hargens LL. Variation in journal peer review systems: Possible causes and con-sequences. JAMA. 1990; 263:1348–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz MA. Strategic plan for pharmacy's future. Am J Pharm Educ. 1989; 53:152–6.
   Google Scholar
• Roster of faculty and professional staff 1999–2000. Alexandria, VA: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Dillman DA. Mail and telephone surveys: The total design method. New York: John Wiley; 1978.
   Google Scholar
• Kerlinger FN, Lee HB. Foundations of behavioral research. 4th ed. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt College Publishers; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Montgomery DC. Design and analysis of experiments. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley; 1991.
   Google Scholar
• SPSS Base 10.0 user's guide. Chicago: SPSS, Inc.; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Churchill GA. Marketing research: Methodological foundations. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Institutional research series-1999–2000 profile of pharmacy faculty. Alexan-dria, VA: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Trautvetter LC. Experiences of women, experiences of men. In: Faculty in new jobs. Menges RJ, ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson KE, McDaniel AM. Interdisciplinary education: Collaborative clini-cal teaching project. Am J Pharm Educ. 1995; 59:131–6.
   Google Scholar
• Commission to Implement Change in Pharmaceutical Education. Background paper II. Entry-level, curricular outcomes, curricular content and educational process. Am J Pharm Educ. 1993; 57:377–85.
   Google Scholar
• American Council on Pharmaceutical Education. Accreditation standards and guidelines [resource on World Wide Web]. : http://www.acpe-accredit.org. Avail-able from Internet. Accessed 2001 Apr 12.
   Google Scholar
• Schuster JH. Foreword. In: Faculty in new jobs. Menges RJ, ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Alexander-Snow M, Johnson BJ. Perspectives from faculty of color. In: Faculty in new jobs. Menges RJ, ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1999.
   Google Scholar