ACTH expression in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Lewis rats with adjuvant arthritis

References

• Vale W, Spiess J, Ftivier C, Ftivier J. Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and 3-endorphin. Science 1981;213:1394–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkelson CM, Arimura A, Culler MD, Fishback JB, Grott K, Konda M, et al. In vivo and in vitro release of ACTH by synthetic CFtF. Peptides 1981;2:425–31.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karalis K, Sano H, Redwine J, Listwak S, Wilder RL, Chrousos GP. Autocrine or paracrine inflammatory actions of corticotropin-releasing hormone in vivo. Science 1991;254:421–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crofford LJ, Sano H, Karalis K, Webster EL, Goldmuntz EA, Chrousos GP, et al. Local secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the joints of Lewis rats with inflammatory arthritis. J Clin Invest 1992;90:2555–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crofford LJ, Sano H, Karalis K, Friedman TC, Epps HR, Remmers EF, et al. Corticotropin-releasing hormone in synovial fluids and tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoar-thritis. J Immunol 1993;151:1587–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crofford LJ, Sano H, Karalis K, Webster EA, Friedman TC, Chrousos GP, et al. Local expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone in inflammatory arthritis. Ann NY Acad Sci 1995;771:459–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kohno M, Kawahito H, Tsubouchi Y, Hashiramoto A, Yamada R, Inoue K, et al. Urocortin expression in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: relation to inflammatory activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:4344–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sano H, Kawahito Y, Hashiramoto A, Miyazaki S, Yamada R, Fukui W, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in rheumatoid arthritis - CRH and (3-endorphin (in Japanese). Clin Immunol (Japanese) 1997;29:555–65.
   Google Scholar
• Suda T, Tomori N, Tozawa F, Mouri T, Demura H, Shizume K. Distribution and characterization of immunoreactive corticotro-pin-releasing factor in human tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984;59:861–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Petrusz P, Merchenthlaler I, Maderdrut JL, Vigh S, Shally AV. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CFtF)-like immunoreactivity in the vertebrate endocrine pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983;80:1721–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kriseman ACN, Linton EA, Lowry PJ, Rees LH, Besser GM. Corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in human gas-trointestinal tract. Lancet 1982;2:1245–6.
   Google Scholar
• Shibasaki T, Odagiri E, Shizume K, Ling N. Corticotropin-releasing factor-like activity in human placental extracts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982;55:384–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harbour DV, Smith EM, Blalock JE. Novel processing pathway for pro-opiomelanocortin in lymphocytes: endotoxin induction of a new prohormone-cleaving enzyme. J Neurosci Res 1987;18:95–101.
   Google Scholar
• Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31:315–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sano H, Engleka K, Mathern P, Ella T, Crofford LJ, Remmers EF, et al. Coexpression of platelet-derived growth factor-B, and fibroblast growth factor-1 in situ in synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Lewis rats with adjuvant or streptococcal cell wall arthritis. J. Clin Invest 1993;91:553–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou M, Grof ova I. The use of peroxidase substrate Vector VIP in electron microscopic single and double antigen localization. J Neurosci Methods 1995;62:149–58.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clarke BL, Gebhardt BM, Blalock JE. Mitogen-stimulated lym-phocytes release biologically active corticotropin. Endocrinology 1993;132:983–8.
   Google Scholar
• Pepper GM, Maimon J, Schneider BS. Quantification and charac-terization of ACTH-related peptides produced by human periph-eral blood mononuclear cells. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1991;10:133–40.
   Google Scholar
• Lolait SJ, Lim AT, Toh BH, Funder JW. Immunoreactive 3-endorphin in a subpopulation of mouse spleen macrophages. J Clin Invest 1984;73:277–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lolait SJ, Clements JA, Markwick AJ, Cheng C, McNally M, Smith Al, et al. Pro-opiomelanocortin messenger ribonucleic acid and posttranslational processing of beta-endorphin in spleen macroph-ages. J Clin Invest 1986;77:1776–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzzetti R, McLoughlin L, Lavender PM, Clark AJL, Rees LH. Expression of pro-opiomelanocortin gene and quantification of adrenocorticotropic hormone-like immunoreactivity in human normal peripheral mononuclear cells and lymphoid and myeloid malignancies. J Clin Invest 1989;83:733–7.
   Google Scholar
• Smith EM, Morrill AC, Meyer WJ III, Blalock JE. Corticotropin-releasing factor induction of leukocyte-derived immunoreactive ACTH and endorphins. Nature 1986;321:881–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith EM, Blalock JE. Human lymphocyte production of corti-cotropin and endorphin-like substances: association with leukocyte interferon. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981;78:7530–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harbour-McMenamin D, Smith EM, Blalock JE. Bacterial li-popolysaccharide induction of leukocyte-derived corticotropin and endorphins. Infect Immun 1985;48:813–7.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson HM, Smith EM, Torres BA, Blalock JE. Regulation of the in vitro antibody response by neuroendocrine hormones. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982;79:4171–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galin FS, LeBoeuf RD, Blalock JE. Corticotropin-releasing factor upregulates expression of two truncated pro-opiomelanocortin transcripts in murine lymphocytes. J Neuroimmunol 1991;31:51–8.
   Google Scholar
• Harbour DV, Galin FS, Hughes TK, Smith EM, Blalock JE. Role of leukocyte-derived pro-opiomelanocortin peptides in endotoxin shock. Circulatory Shock 1991;35:181–91.
   Google Scholar
• Jessop DS, Renshaw D, Lightman SL, Harbuz MS. Changes in ACTH and (3-endorphin immunoreactivity in immune tissues dur-ing a chronic inflammatory stress are not correlated with changes in corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin. J Neuroimmunol 1995;60:29–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar