Application for a Newly Developed High-Capacity NO_x Denuder: Low-NO_x Diesel Transformation Experiments

REFERENCES

• Zielinska , B. , Sagebiel , J. , McDonald , J.D. , Whitney , K. and Lawson , D.R. 2004 . Emission Rates and Comparative Chemical Composition from Selected In-Use Diesel and Gasoline-Fueled Vehicles . Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association , 54 : 1138 – 1150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finlayson-Pitts , B.J. and Pitts , J.N. Jr . 2000 . Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere , 436 – 546 . San Diego , CA : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Zielinska, B.; Samy, S.; McDonald, J.D.; Seagrave, J. Atmospheric Transformation of Diesel Emissions; Final Research Report No. 147; Health Effects Institute: Boston, MA, 2010 http://pubs.healtheffects.org/view.php?id=339 (http://pubs.healtheffects.org/view.php?id=339) (Accessed: 2011 ).
   Google Scholar
• Becker , K.H. Design and Technical Development of the European Photore-actor and First Experimental Results . Final Report of the EC-Project (EV5V-CT92–0059) . 1996 . European Commission: Wuppertal, Germany
   Google Scholar
• Barnes , I. and Rudzinski , K.J. , eds. 2006 . Environmental Simulation Chambers: Application to Atmospheric Chemical Processes , Vol. 62 , New York : Springer . NATO Science Series, Earth and Environmental Sciences
   Google Scholar
• Koltz , B. , Sørensen , S. , Barnes , I. and Becker , K.H. 1998 . Atmospheric Oxidation of Toluene in a Large-Volume Outdoor Photoreactor: In Situ Determination of Ring-Retaining Product Yields . J. Phys. Chem. A , 50 : 10289 – 10299 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durham , J.L. , Spiller , L.L. and Ellestad , T.G. 1987 . Nitric Acid-Nitrate Aerosol Measurements by a Diffusion Denuder: A Performance Evaluation . Atmos. Environ. , 21 : 589 – 598 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krieger , M.S. and Hites , R.A. 1992 . Diffusion Denuder for the Collection of Semivolatile Organic Compounds . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 26 : 1551 – 1555 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eatough , D.J. , Wadsworth , A. , Eatough , D.A. , Crawford , J.W. , Hansen , L.D. and Lewis , E.A. 1993 . A Multiple-System, Multi-Channel Diffusion Denuder Sampler for the Determination of Fine-Particulate Organic Material in the Atmosphere . Atmos. Environ. , 27 : 1213 – 1219 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koutrakis , P. , Sioutas , C. , Ferguson , S.T. and Wolfson , J.M. 1993 . Development and Evaluation of a Glass Honeycomb Denuder/Filter Pack System to Collect Atmospheric Gases and Particles . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 27 : 2497 – 2501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michulec , M. , Wardencki , W. , Partyka , M. and Namiesnik , J. 2005 . Analytical Techniques Used in Monitoring of Atmospheric Air Pollutants . Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. , 35 : 117 – 133 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braman , R.S. , de la Centera , M.A. and Han , Q.X. 1986 . Sequential, Selective Hollow Tube Preconcentration and Chemiluminescence Analysis System for Nitrogen Oxide Compounds in Air . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 1537 – 1541 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ammann , M. 2001 . Using 13N as Tracer in Heterogeneous Atmospheric Chemistry Experiments . Radiochim. Acta. , 89 : 831 – 838 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arens , F. , Gutzwiller , L. , Baltensperger , U. , Gaggeler , H.W. and Amman , M. 2001 . Heterogeneous Reaction of NO2 on Diesel Soot Particles . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 35 : 2191 – 2199 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saathof , H. , Moehler , O. , Schurath , U. , Kamm , S. , Dippel , B. and Mihelcic , D. 2003 . The AIDA Soot Aerosol Characterisation Campaign 1999 . J. Aerosol Sci. , 34 : 1277 – 1296 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijay , R. , Hendershot , R.J. , Rivera-Jimenez , S.M. , Rogers , W.B. , Feist , B.J. , Snively , C.M. and Lauterbach , J. 2005 . Noble Metal Free NOx Storage Catalysts Using Cobalt Discovered via High-Throughput Experimentation . Catal. Comm. , 6 : 167 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haneda , M. , Tsuboi , G. , Nagao , Y. , Kintaichi , Y. and Hamada , H. 2004 . Direct Decomposition of NO over Alkaline Earth Metal Oxide Catalysts Supported on Cobalt Oxide . Catal. Lett. , 97 : 145 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendershot , R.J. , Rogers , W.B. , Snively , C.M. , Ogunnaike , B.A. and Lauterbach , J. 2004 . Development and Optimization of NOx Storage and Reduction Catalysts Using Statistically Guided High-Throughput Experimentation . Catal. Today , 98 : 375 – 385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samy , S. and Zielinska , B. 2010 . Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Modern Diesel Emissions . Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 10 : 609 – 625 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maricq , M.M. , Podsiadlik , D.H. and Chase , R.E. 2000 . Size Distributions of Motor Vehicle Exhaust PM: A Comparison between ELPI and SMPS Measurements . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 33 : 239 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gundel , L.A. , Lee , V.C. , Mahanama , K.R.R. , Stevens , R.K. and Daisey , J.M. 1995 . Direct Determination of the Phase Distributions of Semi-Volatile Poly-cyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Annular Denuders . Atmos. Environ. , 29 : 1719 – 1733 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters , A.J. , Lane , D.A. , Gundel , L.A. , Northcott , G.L. and Jones , K.C. 2000 . A Comparison of High Volume and Diffusion Denuder Samplers for Measuring Semivolatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 34 : 5001 – 5006 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zielinska , B. and Samy , S. 2006 . Analysis of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro-carbons . Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , 386 : 883 – 890 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samy, S., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Nevada–Reno, Reno, NV, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Zielinska , B. , Sagebiel , J. , Arnott , W.P. , Rogers , C.F. , Kelly , K.E. , Wagner , D.A. , Lighty , J.S. , Sarofim , A.F. and Palmer , G. 2004 . Phase and Size Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Diesel and Gasoline Vehicle Emissions . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 38 : 2557 – 2567 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , C.F. , Sagebiel , J.C. , Zielinska , B. , Arnott , W.P. , Fujita , E.M. , McDonald , J.D. , Griffin , J.B. , Kelly , K. , Overacker , D. , Wagner , D. , Lighty , J.S. , Sarofim , A. and Palmer , G. 2003 . Characterization of Submicron Exhaust Particles from Engines Operating without Load on Diesel and JP-8 Fuels . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 37 : 355 – 368 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalek , I.A. , Kittelson , D.B. , Graskow , B.R. and Wei , Q. Diesel Exhaust Particle Size: Measurement Issues and Trends . Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Paper 980525 . 1998 . SAE: Warrendale, PA
   Google Scholar
• Arey , J. , Zielinska , B. , Atkinson , R. and Winer , A.M. 1988 . Formation of Nitroarenes during Ambient High-Volume Sampling . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 22 : 457 – 462 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levsen , K. , Puttins , U. , Schilhabel , J. and Prieb , B. 1988 . Artefacts during the Sampling of Nitro Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Diesel Exhaust . Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. , 330 : 527 – 528 .
   Google Scholar
• Khalek , I.A. Nitro-Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Artifact Investigation . Southwest Research Institute Project 10738; NREL project ES04-3 . 2004 . National Renewable Energy Laboratory: Golden, CO
   Google Scholar
• Arey , J. , Zielinska , B. , Atkinson , R. , Winer , A.M. , Ramdahl , T. and Pitts , J.N. Jr. 1986 . The Formation of Nitro-Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon from the Gas-Phase Reactions of Fluoranthene and Pyrene with the OH Radical in the Presence of NOx . Atmos. Environ. , 20 : 2339 – 2345 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zielinska , B. , Arey , J. , Atkinson , R. , Ramdahl , T. , Winer , A.M. and Pitts , J.N. Jr. 1986 . Reaction of Dinitrogen Pentoxide with Fluoranthene . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 108 : 4126 – 4132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson , R. , Arey , J. , Zielinska , B. and Aschmann , S.M. 1990 . Kinetics and Nitro-Products of the Gas-Phase OH and NO3 Radical-Initiated Reactions of Naphthalene-d8, Fluoranthene-d10, and Pyrene . Int. J. Chem. Kinet. , 22 : 999 – 1014 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zielinska , B. , Arey , J. , Ramdahl , T. , Atkinson , R. and Winer , A.M. 1986 . Potential for Artifact Formation during Tenax Sampling of PAHs . J. Chromatogr. , 363 : 382 – 386 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar