137
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Neural Autoantibodies and Neurophysiologic Abnormalities in Patients Exposed to Molds in Water-Damaged Buildings

, , , , &
Pages 464-474 | Published online: 07 Aug 2010

  • Nielsen KF, Gravesen S, Neilsen PA. Production of myco-toxins on artificially and naturally infested building materials. Mycopathologia 1999; 145:43-56.
  • Claeson AS, Levin H, Blomquist G, et al. Volatile metabolites from microorganisms grown on humid building materials and synthetic media. J Environ Monit 2002; 4:667-72.
  • Tuomi T, Reijut K, Johnsson T, et al. Mycotoxins in crude building materials from water-damage buildings. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66:1899-1904.
  • Nieminen SM, Karki R, Auriola S, et al. Isolation and iden-tification of Aspergillus fumigatus mycotoxins on growth medium and some building materials. Microbiology 2002; 68:4871-75.
  • Jarvis BB. Chemistry and toxicology of molds isolated from water-damaged buildings. In: DeVries JW, Trucksess MW, Jackson LS (Eds), Mycotoxins and Food Safety. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002; pp 43-52.
  • Burge HA. Bioaerosols: prevalence and health effects in the indoor environment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 86: 687-704.
  • Shelton BF, Kirkland KH, Flanders WE, et al. Profiles of airborne fungi in buildings and outdoor environments in the United States. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68: 1743-53.
  • Johanning E, Biagini R, Hull D-L, et al. Health and immunology study following exposure to toxigenic fungi (Stachybotrys chartarum) in a water-damaged office environment. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1996; 68:207-18.
  • Andersson MA, Nikulin M, Kooljalg U, et al. Bacteria, molds, and toxins in water-damaged building materials. Appl Environ Microbiol 1997; 63:387-93.
  • Gravesen S, Nielsen PA, Iverson R, et al. Microfungal contamination of damp buildings—examples of constructions and risk materials. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107 (Suppl 3):505-08.
  • Croft WA, Jarvis BB, Yatawara CS. Airborne outbreak of tri-chothecene toxicosis. Atmos Environ 1986; 20:549-52.
  • Peltola J, Andersson MA, Haahtela T, et al. Toxic-metabolite-producing bacteria and fungus in an indoor environment. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:3269-74.
  • Tuomi T, Saarinene L, Reijula K. Detection of polar and macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins from indoor environments. Analyst 1998; 123:1835-41.
  • Johanning E, Gareis M, Nielsen K, et al. Airborne mycotoxins sampling and screening analysis. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate (Indoor Air 2002), Monterey, California, June 30-july 5, 2002. Santa Cruz, California: Indoor Air 2002 Conference Secretariat.
  • Fischer G, Muller T, Ostrowksi R, et al. Mycotoxins as exposure parameters in bioaerosols of composting sites. Schriftenr VerWasser Boden Lufthyg 1999; 104:149-62.
  • Fischer G, Muller T, Ostrowksi R, et al. Mycotoxins of Aspergillus fumigatus in pure culture and in native bioaerosols from compost facilities. Chemosphere 1999; 38:1745-55.
  • Land CJ, Hult K, Fuchs R, et al. Tremorgenic mycotoxins from Aspergillus fumigatus as possible occupational health problems in sawmills. Appl Environ Microbiol 1987; 53:787-90.
  • Gordon KE, Masotti RE, Waddel WR. Tremorgenic en-cephalopathy: a role of mycotoxins in the production of CNS disease in humans? Can J Neurol Sci 1993; 20: 237-39.
  • Boysen SR, Rozanski EA, Chan DL, et al. Tremorgenic my-cotoxicosis in four dogs from a single household. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221(10):1441-44, 1420.
  • Young KL, Villar D, Carson TL, et al. Tremorgenic myco-toxin intoxication with penitrem A and roquefortine in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003; 222:52-53, 35.
  • Hodgson MJ, Morey P, Leung W-Y, et al. Building-associated pulmonary disease from exposure to Stachybotrys chartarum and Aspergillus versicolor. J Occup Environ Med 1998; 40:241-49.
  • Croft WA, Jastromski BM, Croft AL, et al. Clinical confirmation of trichothecene mycotoxicosis in patient urine. J Environ Biol 2002; 23:301-20.
  • Kilburn KH. Inhalation of moulds and mycotoxins. Eur J Oncol 2002; 7:197-202.
  • Anyanwu EC, Campbell AW, Vojdani A. Neurophysiolog-ical effects of chronic indoor environmental mold exposure on children. Scientific World Journal 2003; 3: 281-90.
  • Mahmoudi M, Gershwin ME. Sick building syndrome. 111. Stachybotrys chartarum. J Asthma 2000; 37:1191-98.
  • Sajan MP, Satav JG, Bhattacharya RK. Effect of aflatoxin B in vitro on rat liver mitochondrial respiratory functions. Indian J Exp Biol 1997; 35:1187-90.
  • Hoehler, D, Marquardt RR, Mclntosh AR, et al. Induction of free radicals in hepatocytes, mitochondria and micro-somes of rats by ochratoxin A and its analogs. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1357:225-33.
  • Hussein HS, Brasel JM. Toxicity, metabolism, and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology 2001; 167:101-34.
  • Nishiyama M, Kuga T. Pharmacological effects of tremor-genie mycotoxin fumitremorgin A. Jpn J Pharmacol 1986; 40:481-89.
  • Cavanagh JB, Holton JL, Nolan CC, et al. The effects of tremorgenic mycotoxin penitrem A on the rat cerebellum. Vet Pathol 1998; 35:53-63.
  • Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins—a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol 1989; 12: 237-57.
  • Longland CL, Dyer JL, Michelangell F. The mycotoxin paxilline inhibits the cerebellar inositol 1,4,5-trisphos-phate receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 408:219-25.
  • Johanning E, Landsbergis P, Gareis M, et al. Clinical experience and results of a sentinel health investigation related to indoor fungal exposure. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107(Suppl 3):189-94.
  • Jaakkola M, Nordman H, Pilpari R, et al. Indoor dampness and molds and development of adult-onset asthma: a population-based incident case-control study. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110:543-47.
  • Gent JF, Ren P, Belanger K, et al. Levels of household mold associated with respiratory symptoms in the first year of life in a cohort at risk for asthma. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110:A781-86.
  • Hayes AW. Mycotoxins: a review of biological effects and their role in human diseases. Clin Toxicol 1980; 17: 45-83.
  • Wannemacher RW jr, Weiner SL. Trichothecene mycotoxins. In: Sidell FR, Takafuji ET, Franz DR (Eds). Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare. Falls Chruch, VA: Office of the Surgeon General, 1997; pp 655-76.
  • Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Petkova-Bocharova T, Chernozemsky IN, et al. Balkan endemic nephropathy and associated urinary tract tumours: a review on aetiological causes and the potential role of mycotoxins. Food Addit Contam 2002; 19:282-302.
  • Bondy GS, Pestka JJ. Immunomodulation by fungal toxins. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2000; 3:109-3.
  • Fraser RS. Pulmonary aspergilliosis: pathologic and pathogenic features. Pathol Annu 1993; 28(Pt 1):231-77.
  • Patel AM, Ryu JH, Reed CE. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: current concepts and future questions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108:661-70.
  • Thrasher RD, Kingdom TT. Fungal infections of the head and neck: an update. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2003; 36:577-94.
  • Dominguez-Malagon H, Gaytan-Graham S. Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma: an update. Ultrastruct Pathol 2001; 25: 497-516.
  • Coffey PJ, Perry VH, Allen Y, et al. Ibotenic acid induced demyelination in the central nervous system: a consequence of a local inflammatory response. Neurosci Lett 1988; 84:178-84.
  • Spengos K, Schwartz A, Hennerici M. Multifocal demyelination after magic mushroom abuse. J Neurol 2000; 224-25.
  • Shields SA, Gilson JM, Balkemore WF, et al. Remyelina-tion occurs as extensively but more slowly in old rats compared to young rats following gliotoxin-induced CNS demyelination. Glia 1999; 28:77-83.
  • Baldo JV, Ahmand L, Ruff R. Neuropsychological performance of patients following mold exposure. Appl Neu-ropsychol 2002; 9:193-202.
  • Campbell AW, Anyanwu EC, Vojdani A. Combination of high-dose immunoglobulins and itraconozole in treating chronic mycotic deymelinating optic neuritis. Scientific World Journal. 2003; 3:64-66.
  • Rudich R. Santilli J, Rockwell WJ. Indoor mold spore exposure: a possible factor in the etiology of multifocal choroiditis. Am J Opthalmol 2003; 135:402-04.
  • Van Emon JM, Reed AW, Yike I, et al. ELISA measurement of stachylysinTM in serum to quantify human exposures to the indoor mold Stachybotrys chartarum. J Occup Environ Med 2003; 45:582-91.
  • Vojdani A, Campbell A, Kashanian A, et al. Antibodies against molds and mycotoxins after exposure to toxigenic fungi in a water-damaged building. Arch Environ Health 2003; 58:324-36.
  • Vojdani A, Thrasher, JD, Madison RA, et al. Antibodies to molds and satratoxin in individuals exposed in water-damaged buildings. Arch Environ Health 2003; 58(7): 421-32.
  • Vojdani A, Kashanian A, Vojdani E, et al. Saliva secretory IgA antibodies against molds and mycotoxins in patients exposed to toxigenic fungi. Immunopharmacol Immuno-toxicol 2003; 25:595-614.
  • Pestronk A, Griffin J, Feldman EL, et al. Polyneuropathy syndromes associated with serum antibodies to sulfatide and myelin-associated glycoprotein. Neurology 1991; 41: 357-62.
  • Vojdani A, Campbell A, Anyanwu E, et al. Antibodies to neural-specific antigens in children with autism: possible cross-reaction with encephalitogenic proteins from milk, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Streptoccocus A group. J Neuroimmunol 2002; 129:168-77.
  • Chen JW, Luo YL, Hwang MJ, et al. Territrem B, a tremorgenic mycotoxin that inhibits acetylcholinesterase with a noncovalent yet irreversible binding mechanism. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:34916-23.
  • Peterson DW, Bradford HF, Mantle PG. Actions of tremorgenic mycotoxin on amino acid transmitter release in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 1982; 31:2807-10.
  • Norris PJ, Smith CC, De Belleroche J, et al. Actions of tremorgenic fungal toxins on neurotransmitter release. J Neurochem 1980; 34:33-42.
  • Walinder R, Wieslander, G, Norback D, et al. Nasal lavage biomarkers: effects of water damage and microbial growth in an office building. Arch Environ Health 2001; 56:30-36.
  • Gray MR, Thrasher JD, Crago R, et al. Mixed mold myco-toxicosis: immunological changes in humans following exposure in water-damaged buildings. Arch Environ Health 2003; 58(7):410-20.
  • Crago BR, Gray M, Nelson LA, et al. Psychological, neu-ropsychological, and electrocortical effects of mixed mold exposure. Arch Environ Health 2003; 58(8):452-63.
  • Desai K, Sullards MC, Allegood J, et al. Fumonisins and fumonisin analogs as inhibitors of ceramide synthase and inducers of apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2002; 1585:188-92.
  • Merrill AH, Sullards MC, Wang E, et al. Sphingolipid metabolism: roles in signal transduction and disruption by fumonisins. Environ Health Perspect 2001; 109(Suppl 2): 83-89.
  • Anyanwu E, Campbell A, High W. Brainstem auditory evoked response in adolescents with acoustic mycotic neuromas due to environmental exposure to toxic molds. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2002; 24:67-76.
  • Richard JL, Plattner RD, May J, et al. The occurrence of ochratoxin A in dust collected from a problem household. Mycopathologia 1999; 146:99-103.
  • Skaug MA, Eduard W, Stormer FD. Ochratoxin A in airborne dust and fungal conidia. Mycopathologia 2000; 151:93-95.
  • Smoragiewicz W, Cossete B, Boutrard A, et al. Tri-chothecene mycotoxins in the dust of ventilation systems in office buildings. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1993; 65:113-17.
  • Vojdani A, Vojdani E, Cooper E. Antibodies to myelin basic protein, myelin oligodendrocytes peptides, α-B-crystallin, Iymphocyte activation and cytokine production in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Intern Med 2003; 254:1-12.
  • Dumitru D, Zwarts MJ, Amato AA (Eds). Electrodiagnostic Medicine. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, 1995.
  • Oh SJ. Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve and Muscle: Prinicples and Practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1989.
  • DeLisa JA, Mckenzie K, Baran EM. Manual of Nerve Conduction Velocity and Clinical Neurophysiology. 3rd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1994.
  • Steck AJ, Murray N, Dellagi K, et al. Peripheral neuropathy associated with monoclonal IgM autoantibody. Ann Neurol 1987; 22:764-67.
  • Storch MK, Piddlesden S, Haltia M, et al. Multiple sclerosis: in situ evidence for antibody- and complement-mediated demyelination. Ann Neurol 1999; 43:465-71.
  • Nemni R, Fazio R, Quattrini, A, et al. Antibodies to sul-fatide and to chondroitin sulfate C in patients with chronic sensory neuropathy. J Neuroimmunol 1993; 43:79-86.
  • Carpo M, Meucci N, Allaria S, et al. Antisulfatide IgM antibodies in peripheral neuropathy. J Neurol Sci 2000; 176: 144-50.
  • Briani C, Berger JS, Latov N. Antibodies to chondroitin sulfate C: a new detection assay and correlations with neurological diseases. J Neuroimmunol 1998; 84: 117-21.
  • Dabby R, Weimer LH, Hays AP, et al. Antisulfatide antibodies in neuropathy. Neurology 2000; 54:1448-52.
  • Alaedini A, Sander HW, Hays AP, et al. Antiganglioside antibodies in multifocal acquired sensory and motor neuropathy. Arch Neurol 2003; 60:42-46.
  • Connolly AM, Pestronk A. Anti-tubulin autoantibodies in acquired deymelinating polyneuropathies. j Infect Dis 1997; 176(Suppl 2):S157-59.
  • Lopate G, Parks BJ, Goldstein J, et al. Polyneuropathies associated with high titre antisulphatide antibodies: charac-teristics of patients with and without serum monoclonal proteins. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997; 62:581-85.
  • Hao A, Saidi T, Kuroki S, et al. Antibodies to gangliosides and galactocerebroside in patients with Guillian-Barre syndrome with preceding Campylbacter jejuni and other identified infections. J Neuroimmunol 1998; 81:116-20.
  • Rosenbluth j, Moon D. Dysmyelination induced in vitro by IgM antisulfatide and antigalactoside monoclonal antibodies. J Neurosci Res 2003; 71:104-09.
  • Busby M, Donaghy M. Chronic dysimmune neuropathy. A subclassification based upon the clinical feature of 102 patients. J Neurol 2003; 250:714-24.
  • McConnel R, Delgado-Tellez E, Cuadra R, et al. Organophosphate neuropathy due to methamidophos: biochemical and neurophysiological markers. Arch Toxi-col 1999; 73:296-300.
  • Salih M, Nixon NB, Dawes PT, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to neurofilament polypeptides in patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by peripheral neuropathy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1008; 16:689-94.
  • Willson H, Yuki N. Peripheral neuropathies and anti-gly-colipid antibodies. Brain 2002; 125:2591-2625.
  • Walsh Tj, Hier DB, Caplan LR. Aspergillosis of the central nervous system: clinicopathological analysis of 27 patients. Ann Neurol 1985; 18:575-82.
  • Walsh TJ, Hier DB, Caplan LR. Fungal infections of the central nervous system: comparative analysis of risk factors and clinical signs in 57 patients. Neurology 1985; 35:1654-57.
  • Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, et al. Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event. N Eng J Med 2003 349:139-45.
  • Reindl M, Linington C, Brehm U, et al. Antibodies against the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and the myelin basic protein in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases: a comparative study. Brain 1999; 122:2047-56.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.