Factor structure of the Parent Emotional Reaction Questionnaire: analysis and validation

References

• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 2000; Washington, DC: Author. (4th ed., revised).
   Google Scholar
• Barlett M. S. A note on the multiplying factors for various chi square approximations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. 1954; 16: 296–298.
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister R. F., Stillwell A. M., Heatherton T. F. Guilt: An interpersonal approach. Psychological Bulletin. 1994; 115: 243–267.
   Google Scholar
• Bowlby J. Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Attachment. 1982; New York: Basic Books. 2nd ed..
   Google Scholar
• Cabizuca M., Marques-Portella C., Mendlowicz M. V., Coutinho E. S. F., Figueira I. Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of children with chronic illnesses: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology. 2009; 28: 379–388. [PubMed Abstract] doi: 10.1037/a0014512.
   Google Scholar
• Clausen S. E., Slagsvold B. Aging and depressive symptoms: An epidemiological study. Journal of the Norwegian Psychological Association. 2005; 42: 779–784.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J. A., Deblinger E., Mannarino A. P., Steer R. A. A multisite randomized controlled trial for children with sexual abuse related PTSD symptoms. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2004; 43: 393–402.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J. A., Mannarino A. P. Factors that mediate treatment outcome of sexually abused preschool children. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 1996; 35: 1402–1410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J. A., Mannarino A. P. Predictors of treatment outcome in sexually abused children. Child Abuse and Neglect. 2000; 24: 983–994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J. W. Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. 1988; Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. (2nd ed.).
   Google Scholar
• Costello A. B., Osborne J. W. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation. 2005; 10: 1–9. [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Davies M. G. Parental distress and ability to cope following disclosure of extra-familial sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect. 1995; 19: 399–408.
   Google Scholar
• Davis L., Siegel L. Posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: A review and analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. 2000; 3: 135–154.
   Google Scholar
• Deblinger E., Mannarino A., Cohen J., Steer R. A. A follow-up study of a multisite, randomized, controlled trial for children with sexual abuse-related PTSD symptoms. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2006; 45: 1474–1484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dube S. R., Felitti V. J., Dong M., Giles W. H., Anda R. F. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: Evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900. Preventive Medicine. 2003; 37: 268–277.
   Google Scholar
• Dyb G., Jensen T. K., Nygaard E. Children's and parents’ posttraumatic stress reactions after the 2004 tsunami. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2011; 16: 1–14. doi: 10.1177/1359104510391048.
   Google Scholar
• Ekman P. Dalgleish T., Power T. Basic emotions. Handbook of cognition and emotion. 1999; Chichester: Wiley. 46–60.
   Google Scholar
• Elliot A. N., Carnes C. N. Reactions of nonoffending parents to the sexual abuse of their child: A review of the literature. Child Maltreatment. 2001; 6: 314–331.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fairbank J. A., Fairbank D. W. Epidemiology of child traumatic stress. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2009; 11: 289–295.
   Google Scholar
• Flicker L., Barlow D. Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1996; 70: 1256–1269.
   Google Scholar
• Foa E. B., Johnson K. M., Feeny N. C., Treadwell K. R. The Child PTSD Symptom Scale: A preliminary examination of its psychometric properties. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology. 2001; 30: 376–384.
   Google Scholar
• Hilton A., Skrutkowski M. Translating instruments into other languages: Development and testing processes. Cancer Nursing. 2002; 25: 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Holt T., Jensen T. K., Wentzel-Larsen T. The change and the mediating role of parental emotional reactions and depression in the treatment of traumatized youth: Results from a randomized controlled study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. 2014; 8(1): 11. [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text] doi: 10.1186/1753-2000-8-11.
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser H. An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika. 1974; 39: 31–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley S. J. Parental stress response to sexual abuse and ritualistic abuse of children in day-care centers. Nursing Research. 1990; 39: 25–29.
   Google Scholar
• Ketelaar T., Au W. T. The effects of feelings of guilt on the behaviour of uncooperative individuals in repeated social bargaining games: An affect-as-information interpretation of the role of emotion in social interaction. Cognition and Emotion. 2003; 17: 429–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S., Thibodeau R., Jorgensen R. S. Shame, guilt, and depressive symptoms: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin. 2011; 137: 68–96. [PubMed Abstract] doi: 10.1037/a0021466.
   Google Scholar
• Kline R. B. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2010; New York: Guilford Press. (3rd ed.).
   Google Scholar
• Laor N., Wolmer L., Cohen D. J. Mothers’ functioning and children's symptoms five years after a SCUD missile attack. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2001; 158: 1020–1026.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis M. Lewis M., Haviland J. Self-conscious emotions: Embarrassment, pride, shame, and guilt. Handbook of emotions. 2008; New York: Guilford Press. 742–756. 3rd ed..
   Google Scholar
• Mannarino A., Cohen J. A. Family-related variables and psychological symptom formation in sexually abused girls. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. 1996; 5: 105–120.
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin K. A., Koenen K. C., Hill E. D., Petukhova M., Sampson N. A., Zaslavsky A. M., etal. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2013; 52: 815–830. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2013.05.011. [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text] Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder in a national sample of adolescents.
   Google Scholar
• Newberger C. M., Gary I. M., Waternaux C. M., Newberger E. H. Mothers of sexually abused children: Trauma and repair in longitudinal perspective. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 1999; 63: 92–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pynoos R. S., Steinberg A. M., Piacentini J. C. A developmental psychopathology model of childhood traumatic stress and intersection with anxiety disorders. Biological Psychiatry. 1999; 46: 1542–1544.
   Google Scholar
• Radloff L. S. The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1977; 1: 385–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribbe D. Stamm B. H. Psychometric review of Traumatic Event Screening Instrument for Children (TESI-C). Measurement of stress, trauma, and adaptation. 1996; Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press. 386–387.
   Google Scholar
• Salmon K., Bryant A. Posttraumatic stress disorder in children: The influence of developmental factors. Clinical Psychology Review. 2002; 22: 163–188.
   Google Scholar
• Scheeringa M. S., Zeanah C. H. A relational perspective on PTSD in early childhood. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2001; 14: 799–815. doi: 10.1023/A:1013002507972.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick B. G., Fidell L. S. Using multivariate statistics. 2007; Boston, MA: Pearson Education. 5th ed..
   Google Scholar
• Tangney J. P., Stuewig J., Mashek D. J. Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology. 2007; 58: 345–372.
   Google Scholar
• Tomkins S. S. Affect, imagery, consciousness. Vol. 1, the positive affects. 1962; New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Tracy J. L., Robins R. W. Putting the self into self-conscious emotions: A theoretical model. Psychological Inquiry. 2004; 15: 103–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy J. L., Robins R. W., Tangney J. P. The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research. 2007; New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Trickey D., Siddaway A. P., Meiser-Stedman R., Serpell L., Field A. P. A meta-analysis of risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Clinical Psychology Review. 2012; 32: 122–138. [PubMed Abstract] doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.12.001.
   Google Scholar