Evaluation of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract in combination with swimming exercise compared to glibenclamide consumption on type 2 Diabetic rodents

References

• Fadini GP, Iori E, Marescotti MC, de Kreutzenberg SV, Avogaro A. Insulin-induced glucose control improves HDL cholesterol levels but not reverse cholesterol transport in type 2 diabetic patients. Atherosclerosis. 2014; 235(2): 415–17.
   Google Scholar
• Patiño MN, Loyola RJ, Medina SC, Pontigo LA, Reyes MJ, Ortega RJ, etal. Caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss in patients with diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2007; 21(2): 127–33.
   Google Scholar
• Krauss RM. Lipids and lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(6): 1496–504.
   Google Scholar
• Kandeil MA, Amin KA, Hassanin KA, Ali KM, Mohammed ET. Role of lipoic acid on insulin resistance and leptin in experimentally diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications. 2011; 25(1): 31–8.
   Google Scholar
• Lee CY, Lee CH, Tsai S, Huang CT, Wu MT, Tai SY, etal. Association between serum leptin and adiponectin levels with risk of insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in non-diabetic women. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2009; 25(3): 116–25.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2011; 965: 1–249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [PubMed CentralFull Text] Perez GR, Zavala SM, Perez GS, Perez GC. Antidiabetic effect of compounds isolated from plants. Phytomedicine 1998; 5(1): 55–75..
   Google Scholar
• Kim S, Jwa H, Yanagawa Y, Park T. Extract from Dioscorea batatas ameliorates insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet. J Med Food. 2012; 15(6): 527–34.
   Google Scholar
• Gad MZ, El-Sawalhi MM, Ismail MF, El-Tanbouly ND. Biochemical study of the anti-diabetic action of the Egyptian plants fenugreek and balanites. Mol Cell Biochem. 2006; 281(1–2): 173–83.
   Google Scholar
• Rosengarten F Jr. 1969. The Book of Spices. Available from: cabdirect.org.
   Google Scholar
• Basch E, Ulbricht C, Kuo G, Szapary P, Smith M. Therapeutic applications of fenugreek. Altern Med Rev. 2003; 8(1): 20–7.
   Google Scholar
• Kaviarasan S, Naik GH, Gangabhagirathi R, Anuradha CV, Priyadarsini KI. In vitro studies on antiradical and antioxidant activities of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds. Food Chem. 2007; 103(1): 31–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miraldi E, Ferri S, Mostaghimi V. Botanical drugs and preparations in the traditional medicine of West Azerbaijan (Iran). J Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 75(2–3): 77–87.
   Google Scholar
• Mohamad S, Taha A, Bamezai R, Basir SF, Baquer NZ. Lower doses of vanadate in combination with trigonella restore altered carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status in alloxan-diabetic rats. Clin Chim Acta. 2004; 342(1): 105–14.
   Google Scholar
• Raju J, Gupta D, Rao AR, Yadava PK, Baquer NZ. Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seed powder improves glucose homeostasis in alloxan diabetic rat tissues by reversing the altered glycolytic, gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes. Mol Cell Biochem. 2001; 224(1–2): 45–51.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma R, Raghuram T, Rao NS. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1990; 44(4): 301–6.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma R, Sarkar A, Hazara D, Mishra B, Singh J, Sharma S, etal. Use of fenuqreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Nutr Res. 1996; 16(8): 1331–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benayad Z, Gómez-Cordovés C, Es-Safi NE. Identification and quantification of flavonoid glycosides from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) germinated seeds by LC–DAD–ESI/MS analysis. J Food Compos Anal. 2014; 35(1): 21–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenny O, Smyth TJ, Hewage CM, Brunton NP. Antioxidant properties and quantitative UPLC-MS analysis of phenolic compounds from extracts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds and bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fruit. Food Chem. 2013; 141(4): 4295–302.
   Google Scholar
• Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, Regensteiner JG, Blissmer BJ, Rubin RR, etal. Exercise and type 2 diabetes the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care. 2010; 33(12): e147–67.
   Google Scholar
• Goodpaster BH, He J, Watkins S, Kelley DE. Skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin resistance: evidence for a paradox in endurance-trained athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86(12): 5755–61.
   Google Scholar
• Inoue M, Maehata E, Yano M, Taniyama M, Suzuki S. Correlation between the adiponectin-leptin ratio and parameters of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2005; 54(3): 281–6.
   Google Scholar
• Ishii T, Yamakita T, Yamagami K, Yamamoto T, Miyamoto M, Kawasaki K, etal. Effect of exercise training on serum leptin levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Metabolism. 2001; 50(10): 1136–40.
   Google Scholar
• Pasman W, Westerterp-Plantenga M, Saris W. The effect of exercise training on leptin levels in obese males. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1998; 274(2): E280–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laferrere B, Caixas A, Fried S, Bashore C, Kim J, Pi-Sunyer F. A pulse of insulin and dexamethasone stimulates serum leptin in fasting human subjects. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002; 146(6): 839–45.
   Google Scholar
• Meister B. Control of food intake via leptin receptors in the hypothalamus. Vitam Horm. 2000; 59: 265–304.
   Google Scholar
• Bryson JM, Phuyal JL, Swan V, Caterson ID. Leptin has acute effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in both lean and gold thioglucose-obese mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1999; 277(3): E417–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dijk G. The role of leptin in the regulation of energy balance and adiposity. J Neuroendocrinol. 2001; 13(10): 913–21.
   Google Scholar
• Rossi F, Marrazzo R, Lucarelli C, Marabese I, De Santis D. Teicoplanin does not modify the hypoglycemic effects of phenformin or glibenclamide, nor the anticoagulant action of warfarin. Experimental study. J Chemother. 1991; 3(3): 152–5.
   Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985; 28(7): 412–19.
   Google Scholar
• Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972; 18(6): 499–502.
   Google Scholar
• Ivorra M, Paya M, Villar A. A review of natural products and plants as potential antidiabetic drugs. J Ethnopharmacol. 1989; 27(3): 243–75.
   Google Scholar
• Li W, Zheng H, Bukuru J, De Kimpe N. Natural medicines used in the traditional Chinese medical system for therapy of diabetes mellitus. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 92(1): 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Trojan-Rodrigues M, Alves TL, Soares GL, Ritter MR. Plants used as antidiabetics in popular medicine in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 139(1): 155–63.
   Google Scholar
• Abdel-Barry JA, Abdel-Hassan IA, Al-Hakiem MH. Hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997; 58(3): 149–55.
   Google Scholar
• Mowla A, Alauddin M, Rahman MA, Ahmed K. Antihyperglycemic effect of Trigonella foenum-Graecum (fenugreek) seed extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its use in diabetes mellitus: a brief qualitative phytochemical and acute toxicity test on the extract. African J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2009; 6(3): 255–61.
   Google Scholar
• Cauza E, Hanusch-Enserer U, Strasser B, Ludvik B, Metz-Schimmerl S, Pacini G, etal. The relative benefits of endurance and strength training on the metabolic factors and muscle function of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005; 86(8): 1527–33.
   Google Scholar
• Dunstan DW, Daly RM, Owen N, Jolley D, De Courten M, Shaw J, etal. High-intensity resistance training improves glycemic control in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(10): 1729–36.
   Google Scholar
• Babraj JA, Vollaard NB, Keast C, Guppy FM, Cottrell G, Timmons JA. Extremely short duration high intensity interval training substantially improves insulin action in young healthy males. BMC Endocr Disord. 2009; 9(1): 3. [PubMed Abstract] [PubMed CentralFull Text].
   Google Scholar
• Kannappan S, Anuradha CV. Insulin sensitizing actions of fenugreek seed polyphenols, quercetin & metformin in a rat model. Indian J Med Res. 2009; 129(4): 401–8.
   Google Scholar
• Zierath JR, He L, Guma A, Odegoard Wahlstrom E, Klip A, Wallberg-Henriksson H. Insulin action on glucose transport and plasma membrane GLUT4 content in skeletal muscle from patients with NIDDM. Diabetologia. 1996; 39(10): 1180–9.
   Google Scholar
• Hara K, Boutin P, Mori Y, Tobe K, Dina C, Yasuda K, etal. Genetic variation in the gene encoding adiponectin is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population. Diabetes. 2002; 51(2): 536–40.
   Google Scholar
• Moran CN, Barwell ND, Malkova D, Cleland SJ, McPhee I, Packard CJ, etal. Effects of diabetes family history and exercise training on the expression of adiponectin and leptin and their receptors. Metabolism. 2011; 60(2): 206–14.
   Google Scholar
• Yamashita AS, Lira FS, Rosa JC, Paulino EC, Brum PC, Negrão CE, etal. Depot-specific modulation of adipokine levels in rat adipose tissue by diet-induced obesity: the effect of aerobic training and energy restriction. Cytokine. 2010; 52(3): 168–74.
   Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil G. Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and the role of the adipocyte. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000; 24: S23–7.
   Google Scholar
• Kumada M, Kihara S, Sumitsuji S, Kawamoto T, Matsumoto S, Ouchi N, etal. Association of hypoadiponectinemia with coronary artery disease in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003; 23(1): 85–9.
   Google Scholar
• Weyer C, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, Hotta K, Matsuzawa Y, Pratley RE, etal. Hypoadiponectinemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes: close association with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86(5): 1930–5.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffstedt J, Arvidsson E, Sjölin E, Wåhlén K, Arner P. Adipose tissue adiponectin production and adiponectin serum concentration in human obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004; 89(3): 1391–6.
   Google Scholar
• Bouloumié A, Drexler HC, Lafontan M, Busse R. Leptin, the product of Ob gene, promotes angiogenesis. Circ Res. 1998; 83(10): 1059–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouloumié A, Marumo T, Lafontan M, Busse R. Leptin induces oxidative stress in human endothelial cells. FASEB J. 1999; 13(10): 1231–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parhami F, Tintut Y, Ballard A, Fogelman AM, Demer LL. Leptin enhances the calcification of vascular cells artery wall as a target of leptin. Circ Res. 2001; 88(9): 954–60.
   Google Scholar
• Sierra-Honigmann MR, Nath AK, Murakami C, García-Cardeña G, Papapetropoulos A, Sessa WC, etal. Biological action of leptin as an angiogenic factor. Science. 1998; 281(5383): 1683–6.
   Google Scholar
• Gupta A, Gupta R, Lal B. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Assoc Physicians India. 2001; 49: 1057. [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Tambalis KD, Panagiotakos DB, Kavouras SA, Sidossis LS. Responses of blood lipids to aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic with resistance exercise training: a systematic review of current evidence. Angiology. 2008; 60(5): 614–32.
   Google Scholar
• Petibois C, Déléris G. Alterations of lipid profile in endurance over-trained subjects. Arch Med Res. 2004; 35(6): 532–9.
   Google Scholar
• Dekker MJ, Graham TE, Ooi T, Robinson LE. Exercise prior to fat ingestion lowers fasting and postprandial VLDL and decreases adipose tissue IL-6 and GIP receptor mRNA in hypertriacylglycerolemic men. J Nutr Biochem. 2010; 21(10): 983–90.
   Google Scholar
• Karanth J, Jeevaratnam K. Effect of dietary lipid, carnitine and exercise on lipid profile in rat blood, liver and muscle. Indian J Exp Biol. 2009; 47(9): 748. [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Søndergaard E, Poulsen MK, Jensen MD, Nielsen S. Acute changes in lipoprotein subclasses during exercise. Metabolism. 2014; 63(1): 61–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barzegari A, Mahdirejei HA. Effects of 8 weeks resistance training on plasma vaspin and lipid profile levels in adult men with type 2 diabetes. Caspian J Intern Med. 2014; 5(2): 103–8.
   Google Scholar
• Honkola A, Forsen T, Eriksson J. Resistance training improves the metabolic profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol. 1997; 34(4): 245–8.
   Google Scholar
• Mohammad S, Taha A, Bamezai RN, Basir SF, Baquer NZ. Lower doses of vanadate in combination with trigonella restore altered carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status in alloxan-diabetic rats. Clin Chim Acta. 2004; 342(1–2): 105–14.
   Google Scholar
• Buemann B, Tremblay A. Effects of exercise training on abdominal obesity and related metabolic complications. Sports Med. 1996; 21(3): 191–212.
   Google Scholar
• Enevoldsen L, Stallknecht B, Fluckey J, Galbo H. Effect of exercise training on in vivo insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in intra-abdominal adipose tissue in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 278(1): E25–34.
   Google Scholar
• Luciano E, Carneiro EM, Carvalho C, Carvalheira J, Peres SB, Reis M, etal. Endurance training improves responsiveness to insulin and modulates insulin signal transduction through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-1 pathway. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002; 147(1): 149–57.
   Google Scholar
• Wojtaszewski JF, Nielsen JN, Richter EA. Invited review: effect of acute exercise on insulin signaling and action in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2002; 93(1): 384–92.
   Google Scholar