1,476
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Climate change and infectious diseases

Meningococcal disease and climate

Article: 2061 | Received 31 Jul 2009, Published online: 11 Nov 2009

References

  • IPCC. Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. In: Parry ML, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE. Contribution of Working Group II to the fourth assessment. Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. CambridgeUK: Cambridge University Press. 2007, p. 976. Available from: http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg2_report_impacts_adaptation_and_vulnerability.htm [cited 12 September 2009].
  • Confalonieri U, Menne B, Akhtar R, Ebi KL, Hauengue M, Kovats RS, et al. Human health. In: Parry ML, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE. Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. CambridgeUK: Cambridge University Press. 2007, pp. 391–431. Available from: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg2/ar4-wg2-chapter8.pdf [cited 12 September 2009].
  • Molesworth AM, Thomson MC, Connor SJ, Cresswell MP, Morse AP, Shears P, et al.. Where is the meningitis belt? Defining an area at risk of epidemic meningitis in Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002; 96: 242–9.
  • Patz JA, Epstein PR, Burke TA, Balbus JM. Global climate change and emerging infectious diseases. JAMA. 1996; 275: 217–23.
  • Githeko AK, Lindsay SW, Confalonieri UE, Patz JA. Climate change and vector-borne diseases: a regional analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 2000; 78: 1136–47.
  • Semenza JC, Menne B. Climate change and infectious diseases in Europe. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009; 9: 365–75.
  • Zell R. Global climate change and the emergence/re-emergence of infectious diseases. Int J Med Microbiol. 2004; 293: 16–26.
  • Reiter P. Climate change and mosquito-borne disease: knowing the horse before hitching the cart. Rev Sci Tech. 2008; 27: 383–98.
  • Sáez-Nieto JA, Lujan R, Berrón S, Campos J, Viñas M, Fusté C, et al.. Epidemiology and molecular basis of penicillin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in Spain: a 5-year history (1985–1989). Clin Infect Dis. 1992; 14: 394–402.
  • Hedberg ST, Fredlund H, Nicolas P, Caugant DA, Olcén P, Unemo M. Antibiotic susceptibility and characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from the African meningitis belt, 2000 to 2006: phenotypic and genotypic perspectives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009; 53: 1561–6.
  • du Plessis M, von Gottberg A, Cohen C, de Gouveia L, Klugman KP. Neisseria meningitidis intermediately resistant to penicillin and causing invasive disease in South Africa in 2001 to 2005. J Clin Microbiol. 2008; 46: 3208–14.
  • Jorgensen JH, Crawford SA, Fiebelkorn KR. Susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis to 16 antimicrobial agents and characterization of resistance mechanisms affecting some agents. J Clin Microbiol. 2005; 43: 3162–71.
  • Olivares R, Bouyer J, Hubert B. Risk factors for death in meningococcal disease. Pathol Biol (Paris). 1993; 41: 164–8.
  • Baraff LJ, Lee SI, Schriger DL. Outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993; 12: 389–94.
  • Domínguez A, Cardeñosa N, Pañella H, Orcau A, Companys M, Alseda M, et al.. The case-fatality rate of meningococcal disease in Catalonia, 1990–1997. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004; 36: 274–9.
  • Smith I, Bjørnevik AT, Augland IM, Berstad A, Wentzel-Larsen T, Halstensen A. Variations in case fatality and fatality risk factors of meningococcal disease in Western Norway, 1985–2002. Epidemiol Infect. 2006; 134: 103–10.
  • Veeken H, Ritmeijer K, Hausman B. Priority during a meningitis epidemic: vaccination or treatment?. Bull World Health Organ. 1998; 76: 135–41.
  • van Deuren M, Brandtzaeg P, van der Meer JWM. Update on meningococcal disease with emphasis on pathogenesis and clinical management. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000; 13: 144–66.
  • Smith AW, Bradley AK, Wall RA, McPherson B, Secka A, Dunn DT, et al.. Sequelae of epidemic meningococcal meningitis in Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1988; 82: 312–20.
  • Pomeroy SL, Holmes SJ, Dodge PR, Feigin RD. Seizures and other neurologic sequelae of bacterial meningitis in children. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323: 1651–7.
  • Al Khorasani A, Banajeh S. Bacterial profile and clinical outcome of childhood meningitis in rural Yemen: a 2-year hospital-based study. J Infect. 2006; 53: 228–34.
  • Schildkamp RL, Lodder MC, Bijlmer HA, Dankert J, Scholten RJ. Clinical manifestations and course of meningococcal disease in 562 patients. Scand J Infect Dis. 1996; 28: 47–51.
  • Peltola H. Meningococcal disease: still with us?. Rev Infect Dis. 1983; 5: 71–91.
  • Stephens DS, Greenwood B, Brandtzaeg P. Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitides. Lancet. 2007; 369: 2196–210.
  • Rosenstein NE, Bradley BA, Stephens DS, Popovic T, Hughes JM. Meningococcal disease. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344: 1378–88.
  • Noah N. Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in Europe 1999–2000. Eurosurveillance. 2002; 6 (15):pii = 2116. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId = 2116.
  • Shigematsu M, Davison KL, Charlett A, Crowcroft NS. National enhanced surveillance of meningococcal disease in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, January 1999–June 2001. Epidemiol Infect. 2002; 129: 459–70.
  • Greenwood BM, Greenwood AM, Bradley AK, Williams K, Hassan-King M, Shenton FC, et al.. Factors influencing susceptibility to meningococcal disease during an epidemic in The Gambia, West Africa. J Infect. 1987; 14: 167–84.
  • Trotter C, Greenwood B. Meningococcal carriage in the meningitis belt. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007; 7: 797–803.
  • Roberts L. An ill wind, bringing meningitis. Science. 2008; 320: 1710–15.
  • Yazdankhah SP, Caugant DA. Neisseria meningitidis: an overview of the carriage state. J Med Microbiol. 2004; 53: 821–32.
  • Greenwood B. Meningococcal meningitis in Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999; 93: 341–53.
  • Jódar L, LaForce FM, Ceccarini C, Aguado T, Granoff DM. Meningococcal conjugate vaccine for Africa: a model for development of new vaccines for the poorest countries. Lancet. 2003; 361: 1902–4.
  • Trotter CL, Andrews NJ, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E, Ramsay ME. Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine 4 years after introduction. Lancet. 2004; 364: 365–7.
  • Snape MD, Pollard AJ. Meningococcal polysaccharide–protein conjugate vaccines. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005; 5: 21–30.
  • Siu T, Tang W, Dawar M, Patrick DM. Impact of routine immunization using meningococcal C conjugate vaccine on invasive meningococcal disease in British Columbia. Can J Public Health. 2008; 99: 380–2.
  • Lapeyssonnie L. La méningitite cérebrospinale en Afrique. Bull World Health Organ. 1963; 28: 3–114.
  • Greenwood B. 100 years of epidemic meningitis in West Africa – has anything changed?. Trop Med Int Health. 2006; 11: 773–80.
  • Decosas J, Koama JB. Chronicle of an outbreak foretold: meningococcal meningitis W135 in Burkina Faso. Lancet Inf Dis. 2002; 2: 763–5.
  • Nathan N, Rose AM, Legros D, Tiendrebeogo SR, Bachy C, Bjørløw E, et al.. Meningitis serogroup W135 outbreak, Burkina Faso, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13: 920–3.
  • Kelly D, Pollard AJ. W135 in Africa: origins, problems and perspectives. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2003; 1: 19–28.
  • Zombré S, Hacen MM, Ouango G, Sanou S, Adamou Y, Koumaré B, et al.. The outbreak of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis W135 in 2003 in Burkina Faso and the national response: main lessons learnt. Vaccine. 2007; 25: A69–71.
  • Moore PS, Harrison LH, Telzak EE, Ajello GW, Broome CV. Group A meningococcal carriage in travelers returning from Saudi Arabia. JAMA. 1988; 260: 2686–9.
  • Salih MA, Danielsson D, Bäckman A, Caugant DA, Achtman M, Olcén P. Characterization of epidemic and non-epidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains from Sudan and Sweden. J Clin Microbiol. 1990; 28: 1711–9.
  • Lingappa JR, Al-Rabeah AM, Hajjeh R, Mustafa T, Fatani A, Al-Bassam T, et al.. Serogroup W-135 meningococcal disease during the Hajj, 2000. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003; 9: 665–71.
  • Cunin P, Fonkoua M-C, Kollo B, Bedifeh AB, Bayanak P, Martin PMV. Serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis outside meningitis belt in Southwest Cameroon. Emerg Inf Dis. 2003; 9: 1351–3.
  • Anonymous. Outbreak news. Meningococcal disease, African meningitis belt, epidemic season 2006. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2006; 81: 119–20.
  • Moore PS. Meningococcal meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a model for the epidemic process. Clin Infect Dis. 1992; 14: 515–25.
  • Anonymous. Response to epidemic meningitis in Africa, 1997. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1997; 72((42)):: 313–18.
  • Broutin H, Philippon S, Constantin de Magny G, Courel F, Sultan B, Guegan JF. Comparative study of meningitis dynamics across nine African countries: a global perspective. Int J Health Geo. 2007; 6. DOI: 10.1186/1476-072X-6-29. Available from: http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/6/1/29.
  • Harrison LH, Trotter CL, Ramsay ME. Global epidemiology of meningococcal disease. Vaccine. 2009; 27: B51–63.
  • Thikomirov E, Santamaria M, Esteves K. Meningococcal disease: public health burden and control. World Health Stat Q. 1997; 50: 170–7.
  • Wang JF, Caugant DA, Li X, Hu X, Poolman JT, Crowe BA, et al.. Clonal and antigenic analysis of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis with particular reference to epidemiological features of epidemic meningitis in the People's Republic of China. Infect Immun. 1992; 60: 5267–82.
  • Cochi SL, Markowitz LE, Joshi DD, Owens RC Jr, Stenhouse DH, Regmi DN, et al.. Control of epidemic serogroup A meningococcal meningitis in Nepal. Int J Epidemiology. 1987; 16: 91–7.
  • Bhatia SL, Sharma KB, Natarajan R. An outbreak of meningococcal meningitis in Delhi, India. J Med Res. 1968; 56: 259–63.
  • Achtman M, van der Ende A, Zhu P, Koroleva IS, Kusecek B, Morelli G, et al.. Molecular epidemiology of serogroup a meningitis in Moscow, 1969 to 1997. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001; 7: 420–7.
  • Cuevas LE, Jeanne I, Molesworth A, Bell M, Savory EC, Connor SJ, et al.. Risk mapping and early warning systems for the control of meningitis in Africa. Vaccine. 2007; 25: A12–7.
  • Molesworth AM, Cuevas LE, Connor SJ, Morse AP, Thomson MC. Environmental risk and meningitis epidemics in Africa. Emerg Inf Dis. 2003; 9: 1287–93.
  • Savory EC, Cuevas LE, Yassin MA, Hart CA, Molesworth AM, Thomson MC. Evaluation of the meningitis epidemics risk model in Africa. Epidemiol Infect. 2006; 134: 1047–51.
  • Yaka P, Sultan B, Broutin H, Janicot S, Philippon S, Fourquet N. Relationship between climate and year to year variability in meningitis outbreaks: a case study in Burkina Faso and Niger. Int J Health Geogr. 2008; 7: 34. Available from: http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/content/7/1/34 [cited 12 September 2009].
  • Thomson MC, Molesworth AM, Djingarey MH, Yameogo KR, Belanger F, Cuevas LE. Potential of environmental models to predict meningitis epidemics in Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2006; 11: 781–8.
  • Sultan B, Labadi K, Guégan J-F, Janicot S. Climate drives the meningitis epidemics onset in West Africa. PLoS. 2005; 2: 43–9.
  • Greenwood BM, Bradley AK, Wall RA. Meningococcal disease and season in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet. 1985; 2: 829–30.
  • Salih MA, Ahmed HS, Karrar ZA, Kamil I, Osman KA, Palmgren H, et al.. Features of a large epidemic of group A meningococcal meningitis in Khartoum, Sudan in 1988. Scand J Infect Dis. 1990; 22: 161–70.
  • Jackou-Boulama M, Michel R, Ollivier L, Meynard JB, Nicolas P, Boutin JP. Correlation between rainfall and meningococcal meningitis in Niger. Med Trop (Mars). 2005; 65: 329–33.
  • Mueller JE, Yaro S, Madec Y, Somda PK, Idohou RS, Lafourcade BM, et al.. Association of respiratory tract infection symptoms and air humidity with meningococcal carriage in Burkina Faso. Trop Med Int Health. 2008; 13: 1543–52.
  • Block C, Roitman M, Bogokowsky B, Meizlin S, Slater PE. Forty years of meningococcal disease in Israel: 1951–1990. Clin Infect Dis. 1993; 17: 126–32.
  • Jensen ES, Lundbye-Christensen S, Pedersen L, Sørensen HT, Schønheyder HC. Seasonal variation in meningococcal disease in Denmark: relation to age and meningococcal phenotype. Scand J Infect Dis. 2003; 35: 226–9.
  • Michele MM, Alberto M, Liana S, Francesco D. Do environmental factors influence the occurrence of acute meningitis in industrialized countries? An epidemic of varying aetiology in northern Italy. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006; 21: 465–8.
  • Fisman DN. Seasonality of infectious diseases. Annu Rev Public Health. 2007; 28: 127–43.
  • Kinlin LM, Spain CV, Ng V, Johnson CC, White AN, Fisman DN. Environmental exposures and invasive meningococcal disease: an evaluation of effects on varying time scales. Am J Epidemiol. 2009; 169: 588–95.
  • Lindsay AP, Hope V, Marshall RJ, Salinger J. Meningococcal disease and meteorological conditions in Auckland, New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2002; 26: 212–8.
  • Millon C. When and where are we at risk? The geographical distribution of meningococcal meningitis in England and Wales. BA Thesis, School of Geography, University of Oxford, Oford, UK, 1983.
  • Collier CG. Weather conditions prior to major outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis in the United Kingdom. Int J Biometeorol. 1992; 36: 18–29.
  • Plant L, Jonsson AB. Contacting the host: insight and implications of pathogenic Neisseria cell interactions. Scand J Infect Dis. 2003; 35: 608–13.
  • Zarantonelli ML, Szatanik M, Giorgini D, Hong E, Huerre M, Guillou F, et al.. Transgenic mice expressing human transferrin as a model for meningococcal infection. Infect Immun. 2007; 75: 5609–14.
  • Anonymous. Detecting meningococcal meningitis epidemics in highly-endemic African countries. WER. 2000; 28: 306–9.
  • IPCC. Climate change 2007: synthesis report. In: Core Writing Team., Pachauri RK, Reisinger A. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. GenevaSwitzerland: IPCC. 2007, p. 104. Available from: http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm [cited 12 September 2009].
  • Vogel G. Shortage of meningitis vaccine forces triage in Burkina Faso. Science. 2003; 299: 1499–501.
  • LaForce FM, Konde K, Viviani S, Préziosi MP. The meningitis vaccine project. Vaccine. 2007; 25: A97–100.
  • LaForce FM, Ravenscroft N, Djingarey M, Viviani S. Epidemic meningitis due to group A Neisseria meningitidis in the African meningitis belt: a persistent problem with an imminent solution. Vaccine. 2009; 27: B13–9.
  • Armstrong G, Sackey SO, Tetteh C, Bugri S, Perkins BA, Rosenstein NE, et al.. Emergency vaccination against epidemic meningitis in Ghana: implications for the control of meningococcal disease in West Africa. Lancet. 2000; 355: 30–3.
  • Cox J, Abeku TA. Early warning systems for malaria in Africa: from blueprint to practice. Trends Parasitol. 2007; 23: 243–6.
  • Guibourdenche M, Høiby EA, Riou JY, Varaine F, Joguet C, Caugant DA. Epidemics of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis of subgroup III in Africa, 1989–94. Epidemiol Infect. 1996; 116: 115–20.
  • DaSilva J, Connor SJ, Mason SJ, Thomson MC. Response to Cox and Abeku: early warning systems for malaria in Africa: from blueprint to practice. Trends Parasitol. 2007; 23: 243–6.
  • Varaine F, Caugant DA, Riou JY, Kondé MK, Soga G, Nshimirimana D, et al.. Meningitis outbreaks and vaccination strategy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1997; 91: 3–7.
  • Leimkugel J, Hodgson A, Forgor AA, Pflüger V, Dangy JP, Smith T, et al.. Clonal waves of Neisseria colonisation and disease in the African meningitis belt: eight-year longitudinal study in northern Ghana. PLoS Med. 2007; 4: e101.
  • Aplogan A, Batchassi E, Yakoua Y, Croisier A, Aleki A, Schlumberger M, et al.. An epidemic of meningococcal meningitis in the region of Savanes in Togo in 1997: research and control strategies. Sante. 1997; 7: 384–90.