Does moonlighting influence South African nurses’ intention to leave their primary jobs?

References

• WHO. Increasing access to health workers in remote and rural areas through improved retention. 2010; Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Global Health Workforce Alliance, WHO. A universal truth: no health without a workforce. 2013; Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell J, Buchan J, Cometto G, David B, Dussault G, Fogstad H, etal. Human resources for health and universal health coverage: fostering equity and effective coverage. Bull World Health Organ. 2013; 91: 853–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Currie EJ, Carr Hill RA. What are the reasons for high turnover in nursing? A discussion of presumed causal factors and remedies. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012; 49: 1180–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert EG, Hogan NL, Barton SM. The impact of job satisfaction on turnover intent: a test of a structural measurement model using a national sample of workers. Soc Sci J. 2001; 38: 233–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluedorn A. A unified model of turnover from organizations. Hum Relat. 1982; 35: 135–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price JL, Mueller CW. A causal model of turnover for nurses. Acad Manag J. 1981; 24: 543–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mobley W. Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. J Appl Psychol. 1977; 6: 237–40.
   Google Scholar
• Tett R, Meyer J. Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: path analyses based on meta-analytic findings. Pers Psychol. 1993; 46: 259–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter LW, Steers RM, Mowday RT. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. J Appl Psychol. 1974; 59: 603–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daouk-Oyry L, Anouze A-L, Otaki F, Dumit NY, Osman I. The JOINT model of nurse absenteeism and turnover: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2014; 51: 93–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tai TWC, Bame SI, Robinson CD. Review of nursing turnover research, 1977–1996. Soc Sci Med. 1998; 47: 1905–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes LJ, O'Brien-Pallasa L, Duffield C, Shamian J, Buchan J, Hughes F, etal. Nurse turnover: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006; 43: 237–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones C, Gates M. The costs and benefits of nurse turnover: a business case for nurse retention. Online J Issues Nurs. 2007; 12 Manuscript 4. 10.3912/OJIN.Vol12No03Man04.
   Google Scholar
• Gauci Borda R, Norman IJ. Factors influencing turnover and absence of nurses: a research review. Int J Nurs Stud. 1997; 34: 385–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen H-C, Chu C-I, Wang Y-L, Lin L-C. Turnover factors revisited: a longitudinal study of Taiwan-based staff nurses. Int J Nurs Stud. 2008; 45: 277–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coomber B, Barriball KL. Impact of job satisfaction components on intent to leave and turnover for hospital-based nurses: a review of the research literature. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007; 44: 297–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Currivan DB. The causal order of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in models of employee turnover. Hum Resour Manag Rev. 1999; 9: 495–524.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delobelle P, Rawlinson JL, Ntuli S, Malatsi I, Decock R, Depoorter A-M. Job satisfaction and turnover intent of primary healthcare nurses in rural South Africa: a questionnaire survey. J Adv Nurs. 2011; 67: 371–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gormley DK. Are we on the same page? Staff nurse and manager perceptions of work environment, quality of care and anticipated nurse turnover. J Nurs Manag. 2011; 19: 33–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raup GH. The impact of ED nurse manager leadership style on staff nurse turnover and patient satisfaction in academic health center hospitals. J Emerg Nurs. 2008; 34: 403–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Milt DG, Fitzpatrick JJ, Sister Rita M. Nurse practitioners’ job satisfaction and intent to leave current positions, the nursing profession, and the nurse practitioner role as a direct care provider. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2011; 23: 42–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinen MM, van Achterberg T, Schwendimann R, Zander B, Matthews A, Kozka M, etal. Nurses’ intention to leave their profession: a cross sectional observational study in 10 European countries. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013; 50: 174–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larrabee JH, Janney MA, Ostrow CL, Withrow ML, Hobbs GR Jr., Burant C. Predicting registered nurse job satisfaction and intent to leave. J Nurs Adm. 2003; 33: 271–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy G, Tyrrell MP, Lehane E. Intention to ‘leave’ or ‘stay’ in nursing. J Nurs Manag. 2007; 15: 248–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blaauw D, Ditlopo P, Maseko F, Chirwa M, Mwisongo A, Bidwell P, etal. Comparing the job satisfaction and intention to leave of different categories of health workers in Tanzania, Malawi, and South Africa. Glob Health Action. 2013; 6: 19287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v6i0.19287 [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Nassar ME, Abdou HA, Mohmoud NA. Relationship between management styles and nurses’ retention at private hospitals. Alexandria J Med. 2011; 47: 243–9.
   Google Scholar
• Rouleau D, Fournier P, Philibert A, Mbengue B, Dumont A. The effects of midwives’ job satisfaction on burnout, intention to quit and turnover: a longitudinal study in Senegal. Hum Resour Health. 2012; 10: 9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L-F, You L-M, Liu K, Zheng J, Fang J-B, Lu M-M, etal. The association of Chinese hospital work environment with nurse burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Nurs Outlook. 2014; 62: 128–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shields MA, Ward M. Improving nurse retention in the National Health Service in England: the impact of job satisfaction on intentions to quit. J Health Econ. 2001; 20: 677–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cometto G, Witter S. Tackling health workforce challenges to universal health coverage: setting targets and measuring progress. Bull World Health Organ. 2013; 91: 881–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavanagh SJ, Coffin DA. Staff turnover among hospital nurses. J Adv Nurs. 1992; 17: 1369–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker FH, Harris-Kojetin LD, Bercovitz A. Intrinsic job satisfaction, overall satisfaction, and intention to leave the job among nursing assistants in nursing homes. Gerontologist. 2009; 49: 596–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramoo V, Abdullah KL, Piaw CY. The relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment among registered nurses in a teaching hospital. J Clin Nurs. 2013; 22: 3141–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowling NA. Is the job satisfaction–job performance relationship spurious? A meta-analytic examination. J Voc Behavior. 2007; 71: 167–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeytinoglu IU, Denton M, Davies S, Baumann A, Blythe J, Boos L. Retaining nurses in their employing hospitals and in the profession: effects of job preference, unpaid overtime, importance of earnings and stress. Health Pol. 2006; 79: 57–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camerino D, Conway PM, Van der Heijden BI, Estryn-Behar M, Consonni D, Gould D, etal. Low-perceived work ability, ageing and intention to leave nursing: a comparison among 10 European countries. J Adv Nurs. 2006; 56: 542–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick JJ, Campo TM, Graham G, Lavandero R. Certification, empowerment, and intent to leave current position and the profession among critical care nurses. Am J Crit Care. 2010; 19: 218–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flinkman M, Laine M, Leino-Kilpia H, Hasselhorn H-M, Salantera S. Explaining young registered Finnish nurses’ intention to leave the profession: a questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2008; 45: 727–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munyewende P, Rispel LC, Chirwa T. Positive practice environments influence job satisfaction of primary health care clinic nursing managers in two South African provinces. Hum Resour Health. 2014; 12: 27. doi: 10.1186/478-4491-12-27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffield C, Roche M, O'Brien-Pallas L, Catling-Paull C, King M. Staff satisfaction and retention and the role of the nursing unit manager. Collegian. 2009; 16: 11–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rambur B, Palumbo MV, McIntosh B, Mongeon J. Statewide analysis of RNs’ intention to leave their position. Nurs Outlook. 2003; 51: 182–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzeng H-M. The influence of nurses’ working motivation and job satisfaction on intention to quit: an empirical investigation in Taiwan. Int J Nurs Stud. 2002; 39: 867–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Bogaert P, Clarke S, Roelant E, Meulemans H, Van de Heyning P. Impacts of unit-level nurse practice environment and burnout on nurse-reported outcomes: a multi-level modelling approach. J Clin Nurs. 2010; 19: 1664–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takase M, Yamashita N, Oba K. Nurses’ leaving intentions: antecedents and mediating factors. J Adv Nurs. 2008; 62: 295–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willis-Shattuck M, Bidwell P, Thomas S, Wyness L, Blaauw D, Ditlopo P. Motivation and retention of health workers in developing countries: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2008; 8: 247. doi: 10.1186/472-6963-8-247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betts SC. The decision to moonlight or quit: incorporating multiple jobholding into a model of turnover. J Organ Cult Comm Conflict. 2006; 10: 63–78.
   Google Scholar
• Davey MM, Cummings G, Newburn-Cook CV, Lo EA. Predictors of nurse absenteeism in hospitals: a systematic review. J Nurs Manag. 2009; 17: 312–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOH. Human Resources for Health South Africa: HRH strategy for the health sector: 2012/13–2016/17. 2011; Pretoria: Department of Health.
   Google Scholar
• Public Service Commission (PSC). Remunerative work outside the public service: an investigation undertaken in the Gauteng Provincial Health Sector. 2007; Pretoria: PSC.
   Google Scholar
• Rispel LC, Blaauw D, Chirwa T, de Wet K. Factors influencing agency nursing and moonlighting among nurses in South Africa. Glob Health Action. 2014; 7: 23585. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.23585 .
   Google Scholar
• Aiken LH, Sermeus W, Van den Heede K, Sloane DM, Busse R, McKee M, etal. Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States. BMJ. 2012; 344: e1717. doi: 10.136/bmj.e1717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Public Service and Administration. Implementation of the occupational specific dispensations (OSDs) for the occupations professional nurse, staff nurse and nursing assistants in the public service-File 18/2/P. 2007; Pretoria: DPSA.
   Google Scholar
• Motsosi K, Rispel LC. Nurses perceptions of the implementation of occupational specific dispensation at two district hospitals in Gauteng. Afr J Nurs Midwifery. 2012; 14: 130–44.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen A, Golan R. Predicting absenteeism and turnover intentions by past absenteeism and work attitudes: an empirical examination of female employees in long term nursing care facilities. Career Dev Int. 2007; 12: 416–32.
   Google Scholar
• DOH. National strategic plan on nurse education, training and practice 2012/13–2016/17. 2013; Pretoria: Department of Health.
   Google Scholar
• DOH. National core standards for health establishments in South Africa. 2010; Pretoria: Department of Health.
   Google Scholar
• Rispel L, Moorman J. Daniel J, Naidoo P, Pillay D, Southall R. Health policy reforms and policy implementation in South Africa: a paradox?. New South African review 3: the second phase-tragedy or farce?. 2013; Johannesburg: Wits University Press. 239–260.
   Google Scholar
• Rispel LC, Barron P. Valuing human resources: key to the success of a National Health Insurance System. Dev South Afr. 2012; 29: 616–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ICN. Delivering quality, serving communities: nurses leading chronic care. 2010; Geneva: International Council of Nurses.
   Google Scholar
• Twigg D, McCullough K. Nurse retention: a review of strategies to create and enhance positive practice environments in clinical settings. Int J Nurs Stud. 2014; 51: 85–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Republic of South Africa. National Health Act no. 61 of 2003. 2005; Pretoria: Government Printer.
   Google Scholar