How decentralisation influences the retention of primary health care workers in rural Nigeria

References

• Dussault G, Franceschini MC. Not enough there, too many here: understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of the health workforce. Hum Resour Health. 2006; 4: 12.
   Google Scholar
• Grobler L, Marais BJ, Mabunda SA, Marindi PN, Reuter H, Volmink J. Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 1: CD005314. [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Global Health Workforce Alliance. Mid-level health workers for delivery of essential health services: a global systematic review and country experiences. 2013; Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Increasing access to health workers in remote and rural areas through improved retention: global policy recommendations. 2010; Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Republic of Nigeria. National human resources for health strategic plan 2008–2012. 2007; Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria].
   Google Scholar
• Buchan J, Couper ID, Tangcharoensathien V, Thepannya K, Jaskiewicz W, Perfilieva G, etal. Early implementation of WHO recommendations for the retention of health workers in remote and rural areas. Bull World Health Organ. 2013; 91: 834–40.
   Google Scholar
• Lehmann U, Dieleman M, Martineau T. Staffing remote rural areas in middle- and low-income countries: a literature review of attraction and retention. BMC Health Serv Res. 2008; 8: 19.
   Google Scholar
• Kolehmainen-Aitken RL. Decentralization's impact on the health workforce: perspectives of managers, workers and national leaders. Hum Resour Health. 2004; 2: 5.
   Google Scholar
• Mills A, Vaughan JP, Smith DL, Tabibzadeh I. Health system decentralization: concepts, issues and country experience. 1990; Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Frumence G, Nyamhanga T, Mwangu M, Hurtig A. Challenges to the implementation of health sector decentralization in Tanzania: experiences from Kongwa district council. Glob Health Action. 2013; 6 20983, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v6i0.20983 .
   Google Scholar
• Egbe EJ. Native authorities and local government reforms in Nigeria since 1914. IOSR J Humanit Soc Sci. 2014; 19: 113–27.
   Google Scholar
• Greenhalgh T. Primary health care: theory and practice. 2007; Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Bangdiwala SI, Fonn S, Okoye O, Tollman S. Workforce resources for health in developing countries. Public Health Rev. 2010; 32: 296–318.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria]. Revised national health policy. 2004; Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria].
   Google Scholar
• Federal Republic of Nigeria. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. 1999; Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Republic of Nigeria.
   Google Scholar
• National Primary Health Care Development Agency. Integrating primary health care governance – primary health care under one roof – implementation manual. 2013; Abuja, Nigeria: NPHCDA.
   Google Scholar
• Bonilla-Chacin ME, Okigbo A, Malife N, Sherburne-Benz L, Ruhl O. (2010). Improving primary health care delivery in Nigeria: evidence from four states. Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Lukpata VI. Revenue allocation formulae in Nigeria: a continuous search. Int J Public Admin Manag Res. 2013; 2: 32–8.
   Google Scholar
• Okafor J. Local government financial autonomy in Nigeria: the state joint local government account. Commonwealth J Local Govern. 2010; 6: 124–31.
   Google Scholar
• Babalola S, Fatusi A. Determinants of use of maternal health services in Nigeria – looking beyond individual and household factors. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009; 9: 43.
   Google Scholar
• Ononokpono DN, Odimegwu CO. Determinants of maternal health care utilization in Nigeria: a multilevel approach. Pan Afr Med J. 2014; 17: 2.
   Google Scholar
• Abimbola S, Negin J, Jan S, Martiniuk A. Towards people-centred health systems: a multi-level framework for analysing primary health care governance in low- and middle-income countries. Health Policy Plan. 2014; 29: ii29–ii39.
   Google Scholar
• National Primary Health Care Development Agency. Minimum standards for primary health care in Nigeria. 2013; Abuja, Nigeria: NPHCDA.
   Google Scholar
• Gupta MD, Gauri V, Khemani S. (2003). Decentralized delivery of primary health services in Nigeria: survey evidence from the states of Lagos and Kogi. Washington, DC: Development Research Group, World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. Rural population (% of total population). 2014; Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Abimbola S, Okoli U, Olubajo O, Abdullahi MJ, Pate MA. The midwives service scheme in Nigeria. PLoS Med. 2012; 9: e1001211.
   Google Scholar
• National Population Commission [Nigeria] and ICF International. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. 2014; Abuja, Nigeria: NPC.
   Google Scholar
• Chankova S, Nguyen H, Chipanta D, Kombe G, Onoja A, Ogungbemi K. (2006). A situation assessment of human resources in the public health sector in Nigeria. Bethesda, MD: The Partners for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Ebuehi OM, Campbell PC. Attraction and retention of qualified health workers to rural areas in Nigeria: a case study of four local governments in Ogun State. Rural Remote Health. 2011; 11: 1515. [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Manafa O, McAuliffe E, Maseko F, Bowie C, MacLachlan M, Normand C. Retention of health workers in Malawi: perspectives of health workers and district management. Hum Resour Health. 2009; 7: 65.
   Google Scholar
• Dielman M, Cuong PV, Anh LV, Martineau T. Identifying factors for job motivation of rural health workers in North Vietnam. Hum Resour Health. 2003; 1: 10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kotzee TJ, Couper ID. What interventions do South African qualified doctors think will retain them in rural hospitals of the Limpopo province of South Africa?. Rural Remote Health. 2006; 6: 581. [PubMed Abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Chandler CI, Chonya S, Mtei F, Reyburn H, Whitty CJ. Motivation, money and respect: a mixed-method study of Tanzanian non-physician clinicians. Soc Sci Med. 2009; 68: 2078–88.
   Google Scholar
• Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007; 19: 349–57.
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005; 15: 1277–88.
   Google Scholar
• Franco LM, Bennett S, Kanfer R. Health sector reform and public sector health worker motivation: a conceptual framework. Soc Sci Med. 2002; 54: 1255–66.
   Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Collins C, Tang S, Martineau T. Health systems decentralization and human resources management in low and middle income countries. Public Admin Dev. 2002; 22: 439–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padarath A, Chamberlain C, McCoy D, Ntuli A, Rowson M, Loewenson R. Health personnel in Southern Africa: confronting maldistribution and brain drain. 2003; Harare, Zimbabwe: EQUINET. EQUINET Discussion Paper No. 3.
   Google Scholar
• Abreu A. The new economics of labour migration: beware neoclassicals bearing gifts. Soc Econ. 2012; 41: 46–67.
   Google Scholar
• Gawel JE. Herzberg's theory of motivation and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Pract Assess Res Eval. 1997; 5: 11.
   Google Scholar
• Oyegbite KS.Ransome-Kuti O, Sorungbe AOO, Oyegbite KS, Bamisaiye A. Strengthening management for primary health care at local government area level. Strengthening primary health care at local government level: the Nigerian experience. 1990; Lagos, Nigeria: Academy Press. 27–34.
   Google Scholar
• Youlong G, Wilkes A, Bloom G. Health human resource development in rural China. Health Policy Plan. 1997; 12: 320–8.
   Google Scholar
• Munga MA, Songstad NG, Blystad A, Mæstad O. The decentralisation-centralisation dilemma: recruitment and distribution of health workers in remote districts of Tanzania. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2009; 9: 9.
   Google Scholar
• Strachan DL, Källander K, Ten Asbroek AH, Kirkwood B, Meek SR, Benton L, etal. Interventions to improve motivation and retention of community health workers delivering integrated community case management: stakeholder perceptions and priorities. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012; 87: 111–19.
   Google Scholar
• Gray H, Ciroma J. Reducing attrition among village health worker programs in rural Nigeria. Socioecon Plann Sci. 1988; 22: 39–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgeson FP, Humphrey SE. The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. J Appl Psychol. 2006; 91: 1321–39.
   Google Scholar
• Willis-Shattuck M, Bidwell P, Thomas S, Wyness L, Blaauw D, Ditlopo P. Motivation and retention of health workers in developing countries: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2008; 8: 247.
   Google Scholar
• Songstad NG, Rekdal OB, Massay DA, Blystad A. Perceived unfairness in working conditions: the case of public health services in Tanzania. BMC Health Serv Res. 2011; 11: 34.
   Google Scholar
• McCoy DC, Hall JA, Ridge M. A systematic review of the literature for evidence on health facility committees in low- and middle-income countries. Health Policy Plan. 2012; 27: 449–66.
   Google Scholar
• Golooba-Mutebi F. When popular participation won't improve service provision: primary health care in Uganda. Dev Policy Rev. 2005; 23: 165–82.
   Google Scholar
• Björkman M, Svensson J. Power to the people: evidence from a randomized field experiment of community-based monitoring in Uganda. Q J Econ. 2009; 124: 735–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keefer P, Khemani S. Democracy, public expenditures, and the poor: understanding political incentives for providing public services. World Bank Res Obs. 2005; 20: 1–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson M. Introduction: decentralising service delivery? Evidence and policy implications. IDS Bull. 2007; 38: 1–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott Z. Decentralisation, local development and social cohesion: an analytical review. 2009; Birmingham, UK: GSDRC.
   Google Scholar
• Dolea C, Stormont L, Braichet JM. Evaluated strategies to increase attraction and retention of health workers in remote and rural areas. Bull World Health Organ. 2010; 88: 379–85.
   Google Scholar