A systematic review of the status of children's school access in low- and middle-income countries between 1998 and 2013: using the INDEPTH Network platform to fill the research gaps

References

• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. World Conference on Education for All and framework for Action to Meet Basic Learning Needs. 1990; Paris: UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• Lewin KM. Expanding access to secondary education: can India catch up?. Int J Educ Dev. 2011; 31: 382–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. World Education Forum: The Dakar Framework for Action. 2000; Paris: UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• Lewin KM. Access to education in sub-Saharan Africa: patterns, problems and possibilities. Comp Educ. 2009; 45: 151–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sankoh O, Byass P. The INDEPTH Network: filling vital gaps in global epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol. 2012; 41: 579–88.
   Google Scholar
• Jampaklay A. Parental absence and children's school enrolment. Asian Popul Stud. 2006; 2: 93–110.
   Google Scholar
• Mahaarcha W, Kittisuksathit S. Impact of family structure, parental migration, and parental divorce on an adolescent's educational enrollment: evidence from a longitudinal study in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. J Popul Soc Stud. 2009; 18: 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Case A, Paxson C, Ableidinger J. Orphans in Africa: parental death, poverty, and school enrolment. Demography. 2004; 41: 483–508.
   Google Scholar
• Nishimura M, Yamano T. Emerging private education in Africa: determinants of school choice in rural Kenya. World Dev. 2013; 43: 266–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Handa S, Peterman A. Child health and school enrolment: a replication. J Hum Resour. 2007; 42: 863–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngware MW, Oketch M, Ezeh AC, Mutisya M. The effect of free education policy on late school entry in urban primary schools in Kenya. Int Rev Educ. 2013; 59: 603–25.
   Google Scholar
• Oketch M, Mutisya M, Ngware M, Ezeh A, Epari C. Free primary education policy and pupil school mobility in urban Kenya. Int J Educ Res. 2010; 49: 173–83.
   Google Scholar
• Oketch M, Mutisya M, Ngware M, Ezeh A. Why are there proportionately more poor pupils enrolled in non-state in urban Kenya in spite of FPE policy?. Int J Educ Dev. 2010; 30: 23–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oketch M, Mutisya M, Sagwe J. Do poverty dynamics explain the shift to an informal private schooling system in the wake of free public primary education in Nairobi slums?. Lond Rev Educ. 2012; 10: 3–17.
   Google Scholar
• Lindskog A. The effect of siblings’ education on school-entry in the Ethiopian highlands. Econ Educ Rev. 2013; 34: 45–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ainsworth M, Beegle K, Koda G. The impact of adult mortality and parental deaths on primary schooling in North-Western Tanzania. J Dev Stud. 2005; 41: 412–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng'ondi NB. Socio-demographic and service provision characteristics associated with primary school attendance among the Most Vulnerable Children in Tanzania. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2012; 34: 2255–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodhead M, Frost M, James Z. Does growth in private schooling contribute to Education for All? Evidence from a longitudinal, two cohort study in Andhra Pradesh, India. Int J Educ Dev. 2013; 33: 65–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korinek K, Punpuing S. The effect of household and community on school attrition: an analysis of Thai Youth. Comp Educ Rev. 2012; 56: 474–510.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabates R, Hossain A, Lewin KM. School dropout in Bangladesh: insights using panel data. Int J Educ Dev. 2013; 33: 225–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi H, Zhang L, Luo R, Shi Y, Mo D, Chen X, etal. Dropping out: why are students leaving junior high in China's poor rural areas?. Int J Educ Dev. 2012; 32: 555–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyambedha EO, Aagaard-Hansen J. Educational consequences of orphanhood and poverty in western Kenya. Educ Stud. 2010; 36: 555–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• No F, Sam C, Hirakawa Y. Revisiting primary school dropout in rural Cambodia. Asia Pacific Educ. 2012; 13: 573–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddhu G. Who makes it to secondary school? Determinants of transition to secondary schools in rural India. Int J Educ Dev. 2011; 31: 394–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piotrowski M, Paat Y-K. Determinants of educational attainment in rural Thailand: a life course approach. Popul Res Policy Rev. 2012; 31: 907–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belachew T, Hadley C, Lindstrom D, Gebremariam A, Lachat C, Kolsteren P. Food insecurity, school absenteeism and educational attainment of adolescents in Jimma Zone Southwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study. Nutr J. 2011; 10: 29.
   Google Scholar
• Fleisch B, Schindler J. Gender repetition: school access, transitions and equity in the ‘Birth-to-Twenty’ cohort panel study in urban South Africa. Comp Educ. 2009; 45: 265–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwan PJ. The impact of Chile's school feeding program on education outcomes. Econ Educ Rev. 2013; 32: 122–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans DK, Miguel E. Orphans and schooling in Africa: a longitudinal analysis. Demography. 2007; 44: 35–57.
   Google Scholar
• Afridi F. The impact of school meals on school participation: evidence from rural India. J Dev Stud. 2011; 47: 1636–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazianga H. Income risk and household schooling decisions in Burkina Faso. World Dev. 2012; 40: 1647–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Case A, Ardington C. The impact of parental death on school outcomes: longitudinal evidence from South Africa. Demography. 2006; 43: 401–20.
   Google Scholar
• Grant MJ, Hallman KK. Pregnancy-related School Dropout and Prior School Performance in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Stud Fam Plan. 2008; 39: 369–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pridmore P, Jere C. Disrupting patterns of educational inequality and disadvantage in Malawi. Compare. 2009; 41: 513–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao M, Glewwe P. What determines basic school attainment in developing countries? Evidence from rural China. Econ Educ Rev. 2010; 29: 451–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glick P, Sahn DE. Early academic performance, grade repetition, and school attainment in Senegal: a panel data analysis. World Bank Econ Rev. 2010; 24: 93–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginsburg C, Richter LM, Fleisch B, Norris SA. An analysis of associations between residential and school mobility and educational outcomes in South African urban children: the Birth to Twenty cohort. Int J Educ Dev. 2011; 31: 213–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motala S, Dieltiens V, Sayed Y. Physical access to schooling in South Africa: mapping dropout, repetition and age-grade progression in two districts. Comp Educ. 2009; 45: 251–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filmer D, Pritchett L. The effect of household wealth on educational attainment: evidence from 35 countries. Popul Dev Rev. 1999; 25: 85–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant MJ, Behrman JR. Gender gaps in educational attainment in less developed countries. Popul Dev Rev. 2010; 36: 71–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyneman SP, Stern JMB. Low cost private schools for the poor: what public policy is appropriate. Int J Educ Dev. 2014; 35: 3–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filmer D. If you build it, will they come? School availability and school enrolment in 21 poor countries. J Dev Stud. 2007; 43: 901–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakwani N, Soares F, Son HH. Cash transfers for school-age children in African countries: simulation of impacts on poverty and school attendance. Dev Policy Rev. 2006; 24: 553–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longwe A, Smits J. Family planning outcomes and primary school attendance in sub-Saharan Africa. Stud Fam Plan. 2012; 43: 127–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schafer MJ. Household change and rural school enrolment in Malawi and Kenya. Sociol Q. 2006; 47: 665–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith-Greenway E, Heckert J. Does the orphan disadvantage “spill over”? An analysis of whether living in an area with a higher concentration of orphans is associated with children's school enrolment in sub-Saharan Africa. Demogr Res. 2013; 28: 1167–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuwor T, Sossou M-A. Gender discrimination and education in West Africa: strategies for maintaining girls in school. Int J Inclusive Educ. 2008; 12: 363–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colclough C, Rose P, Tembon M. Gender inequalities in primary schooling: the roles of poverty and adverse cultural practice. Int J Educ Dev. 2000; 20: 5–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biddlecom A, Gregory R, Lloyd C, Mensch B. Associations between premarital sex and leaving school in four sub-Saharan African countries. Stud Fam Plann. 2008; 39: 337–50.
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd CB, Mensch BS. Marriage and childbirth as factors in dropping out from school: an analysis of DHS data from sub-Saharan Africa. Popul Stud J Demogr. 2008; 62: 1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melhado L. Pregnancy and miscarriage are not the main reasons for leaving school in Africa. Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2008; 34: 147–8.
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd CB, Hewett P. Educational inequalities in the midst of persistent poverty: diversity across Africa in educational outcomes. J Int Dev. 2009; 21: 1137–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewin KM, Sabates R. Who gets what? Is improved access to basic education pro-poor in sub-Saharan Africa?. Int J Educ Dev. 2012; 32: 517–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poirier T. The effects of armed conflict on schooling in sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Educ Dev. 2012; 32: 341–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Education for all global monitoring report: teaching and learning – achieving quality for all. 2014; Paris: UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. Abolishing school fees in Africa: lessons from Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, and Mozambique. 2009; Washington, DC: The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Tooley J, Dixon P. Private schooling for low-income families: a census and comparative survey in East Delhi, India. Int J Educ Dev. 2007; 27: 205–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron S. Whether and where to enrol? Choosing a primary school in the slums of urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. Int J Educ Dev. 2011; 31: 357–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roby JL, Lambert MJ, Lambert J. ‘Barriers to girls’ education in Mozambique at household and community levels: an exploratory study. Int J Soc Welf. 2009; 18: 342–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington M, Karigu S. “It makes more sense to educate a boy”: girls ‘against the odds’ in Kajiado, Kenya. Int J Educ Dev. 2012; 32: 301–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar