Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among HIV patients in Benin City, Nigeria

References

• Chan MS, Medley GF, Jamison D, Bundy DAB. The evaluation of potential global morbidity due to intestinal nematode infections. Parasitology. 1994; 109: 372–87.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Communicable diseases chister. Severe falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002; 94: 551–90.
   Google Scholar
• Durack DI. Opportunistic infections and kaposis sarcoma in homosexual men. New Engl J Med. 1981; 305: 1465–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bundy D, Sher A, Michael E. Good worms or bad worms: do worm infections affect the epidemiological patterns of other diseases. Parasitol Today. 2000; 16: 273–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zheng XY. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevention and control in China. Clin J Epidemiol. 1999; 20: 131–4.
   Google Scholar
• Morris A, Lundgren JD, Masur H, Walzer PD, Hanson DL, Frederick T, et al.. Current epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004; 10: 1713–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramakrishnan K, Shenbagarathai R, Uma A, Karitha K, Rajendran R, Thirumalaikolundusbramanian P. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients with diarrhea in Madurai city, South India. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2007; 60: 209–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen NO, Friis H, Magnussen P, Krarup H, Magesa S, Simansen P. Co-infection with subclinical HIV and Wuchereria bancrofti, and the role of malaria and hookworm in adult Tanzanians: infection intensities, CD4/CD8 counts and cytokine responses. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2007; 101: 602–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucas SB. Missing infections in AIDS. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1990; 84: 34–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okodua M, Adeyeba OA, Talfeng YM, Okpala HO. Age and sex distribution of intestinal parasitic infections among HIV infected subjects in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Online J Health Allied Sci. 2003; 4: 3–5.
   Google Scholar
• Adesiji YO, Lawal RO, Taiwo SS, Fayemiwo SA, Adeyeba OA. Cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected patients with diarrhea in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Eur J Gen Med. 2007; 4: 119–22.
   Google Scholar
• Akinbo FO, Okaka CE, Machado RLD, Omoregie R, Onunu AN. Cryptosporidiosis among HIV-infected patients with diarrhea in Edo State, Midwestern Nigeria. Malaysian J Microbiol. 2010; 6: 99–101.
   Google Scholar
• Omalu ICJ, Yako AB, Duhlinska DD, Anyanwu GI, Pam VA, Inyama PU. First detection of intestinal microsporidia in Nigeria. Online J Health All Sci. 2005; 3: 4.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections. WHO Technical Report Series 666. Geneva: WHO. 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Büyükbaba BO, Uysal H, Alan S, Nazlican O. Investigation of intestinal parasites in AIDS patients. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2004; 38: 121–8.
   Google Scholar
• Oguntibeju OO. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV-positive/AIDS patients. Malaysian J Med Sci. 2006; 13: 68–73.
   Google Scholar
• Kuppamattus R, Rajaiah S, Alagappan U, Karuppusamu K, Rathinasainy R, Ponniah T. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestation in HIV/AIDS patients with diarrhea in Madurai city, South India. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2007; 60: 209–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammad RZ, Ah JM, Mostafa R, Ahmed RM, Siavash V, Minoo M. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic pathogens among HIV-positive individuals in Iran. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2004; 57: 268–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awole M, Gebre-Selassie S, Kassa T, Kibru G. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV-infected adult patients in southwestern Ethiopia. Ethiopian J Health Dev. 2003; 17: 71–8.
   Google Scholar
• Moura H, Fernandes O, Viola JPB, Silva SP, Passes RH, Lima DB. Enteric parasites and HIV infection: occurrence in AIDS patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1989; 84: 527–33.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandonisio O, Maggi MA, Lisi A, Anriola A, Acquafredda A, Angarano G. Intestinal protozoa in HIV-infected patients in Apulia, South Italy. Epidemiol Infect. 1999; 123: 457–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiwanitkit V. Intestinal parasitic infections in Thai HIV-infected patients with different immunity. Biomed Centr Gastroenterol. 2001; 1: 1–3.
   Google Scholar
• Udeh EO, Goselle ON, D-Popova DD, Abelau M, Popov TV, Jane N, et al.. The prevalence of intestinal protozoans in HIV/AIDS patients in Abuja, Nigeria. Sci World J. 2008; 3: 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Zelalem MT, Abebe G, Mulu A. Opportunistic and other intestinal parasitic infections in AIDS patients, HIV sero-positive healthy carriers and HIV sero-negative individuals in Southwest, Ethiopia. East Afr J Public Health. 2008; 5: 169–73.
   Google Scholar
• Oguntibeju OO, Vanden-Heever WMJ, Van Schalkwyk FE. Effect of liquid nutritional supplement on viral load and haematological parameters in HIV-positive/AIDS patients. Br J Biomed Sci. 2006; 63: 134–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurniawan A, Karyadi T, Dwintasari SW, Sari IP, Yunihastuti E, Diauzi S, et al.. Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhea in Jakarta in Indonesia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009; 103: 892–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JK, Song HJ, Yu JR. Prevalence of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in non-HIV patients in Jeollanam-do, Korea. Korean J Parasitol. 2005; 43: 111–4.
   Google Scholar
• Endeshaw T, Mohammed H, Woldemichael T. Cryptosporidium parvum and other intestinal parasites among diarrheal patients referred to EHNRI in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Med J. 2004; 42: 195–8.
   Google Scholar
• Vignesh R, Balakrishnan P, Shankar EM, Murugavel KG, Hands S, Cecelia AJ, et al.. High proportion of isosporiasis among HIV-infected patients with diarrhea in Southern India. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007; 77: 823–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guptal S, Narang S, Nunavath V, Singh S. Chronic diarrhea in HIV patients: prevalence of coccidian parasites. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2008; 26: 172–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni SV, Kairon R, Sane SS, Padmawar PS, Kale VA, Thakar MR, et al.. Opportunistic parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhea by the level of immunosuppression. Indian J Med Res. 2009; 130: 63–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeh EI, Obadofin MO, Brindeiro B, Baugher G, Frost F, Vanderjagt D, et al.. Intestinal parasitism in rural and areas of north central Nigeria: an update. Intern J Microbiol. 2006; 2: 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Ajjampur SSR, Asirvatham JR, Muthusamy D, Gladstone BP, Abraham OC, Mathai D, et al.. Clinical features and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-infected adults in India. Indian J Med Res. 2007; 126: 553–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen E, Lebech M, Hojlyng N, Holten-Andersen W, Molbak K, Hogh B, et al.. Parasitic diseases in patients with impaired immune response, clinical picture and diagnosis. Ugeskr Laeger. 1992; 154: 2475–80.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar SS, Ananthan S, Saravanan P. Role of coccidian parasites in causation of diarrhea in infected patients in Chennai. Indian J Med Res. 2002; 116: 85–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akinbo FO, Okaka CE, Machacho RLD. Isosporiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in Edo State, Nigeria. Malaysian J Med Sci. 2009; 16: 43–6.
   Google Scholar
• Mohandas K, Sehgal R, Sud A, Malla N. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic pathogens in HIV-seropositive individuals in northern India. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2002; 55: 83–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meamar AR, Rezaiam M, Mohraz M, Zahabium F, Hadighi R, Kia EB. A comparative analysis of intestinal parasitic infections between HIV/AIDS patients and non-HIV infected individuals. Iranian J Parasitol. 2007; 2: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Tuli L, Gulati AK, Sundar S, Mohapatra TM. Correlation between CD4 counts of HIV patients and enteric protozoan in different seasons – an experience of the tertiary care hospital in Varanasi (India). Biomed Centr Gastroenterol. 2008; 8: 36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber R, Biyan RT, Owen RL, Wilcox CM, Gorelkin LG, Visversve R. Improved light-microscopical detection of microsporidial spores in a stool and duodenal aspirates. The enteric opportunistic infections working group. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326: 161–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisseha B, Patros B, Woldemichael T, Mohammed H. Diarrhea-associated parasitic infections agents in AIDS patients within selected Addis Ababa Hospitals. Ethiopian J Health Dev. 1999; 13: 169–74.
   Google Scholar