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Polar Research Volume 10, 1991 - Issue 2: Special Issue: Proceedings of the Pro mare Symposium on Polar Marine Ecology. Part 2
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Original Articles

Food energy requirements of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) population in the Barents and White seas

Nina Hedlund MarkussenDivision of General Physiology. P.O. Box 1051 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway;
&
Nils Are ØritslandNorsk Polarinstitutt, P.O. Box 158, N-1330 Oslo Lufthavn, Norway.
Pages 603-608 | Published online: 16 Dec 2016

References

  • Anon 1988: Forskningsarbeider og selfangst i det nordostlige Atlanterhav i 1988. Report, 28 pp. (Translation to Norwegian by Per Mohr 1989). USSR, Ministry of Fisheries.
  • Ashwell-Erickson, S. & Elsner, R. 1981: The energy cost of free existence for Bering Sea harbour and spotted seals. Pp. 869-899 in Hood, D. W. & Calder, J. A. (eds): The eastern Bering sea shelf: oceanography and resources. Vol. 2, Seattle, Washington. Office of Marine Pollution Assessment, NOAA, Univ. of Washington Press.
  • Benjaminsen, T. 1979: Pup production and sustainable yield of White Sea harp seals. Fiskeridir. Skr. Ser. Havunders. 16, 551–559.
  • Bowen, W. D. 1985: Harp seal feeding and interactions with commercial fisheries in the north-west Atlantic. Pp. 135-152 in Beddington, J. E., Beverton, R. J. H. & Lavigne, D. M. (eds): Marine Mammals and Fisheries. George Allen and Unwin, London.
  • Innes, S., Stewart, R. E. & Lavigne, D. M. 1981: Growth in northwest Atlantic harp seals Phoca groenlandica. J. Zool. Lond. 194, 11–24.
  • Kapel, F. & Angantyr, L. A. 1989: Feeding patterns of harp seals in coastal waters of West Greenland, with a note on offshore feeding. Comm. Meet. Int. Counc. Explor. Sea. N:6.
  • Keiver, K. M., Ronald, K. & Beamish, F. W. H. 1984: Metab-olizable energy requirements for maintenance and faecal and urinary losses of juvenile harp seals (Phoca groenlandica). Can. J. Zool. 62, 769–776.
  • Lavigne, D. M., Baccard, W. W., Innes, S. & Oritsland, N. A. 1982: Pinniped bioenergetics. Pp. 191-235 in Mammals in the seas, Vol. IV. Small cetaceans, seals, sirenians and otters. FAO Fisheries Ser. 5 Rome.
  • Lavigne, D. M., Innes, S., Stewart, R. E. A. & Worthy, G. A. J. 1985: An annual energy budget for northwest Atlantic harp seals. Pp. 319-336 in Beddington, J. E., Beverton, R. J. H. & Lavigne, D. M. (eds): Marine Mammals and Fisheries. George Allen and Unwin, London.
  • Lydersen, C., Agantyr, L. A., Wiig, O. & Oritsland, T. 1991: Feeding habits of northwest Atlantic harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) among the summer ice edge of the Barents Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquas. Sci. 48, 2180-2183.
  • Markussen, N. H. Ryg, M. & Lydersen, C. 1992: Food consumption of the NE Atlantic minke whale (Balaenoptera acuturostrata) population estimated with a simulation model. ICES Journal of Marine Sciences. In press.
  • McLaren, I. A. & Smith. T. G. 1985: Population ecology of seals: retrospective and prospective views. Marine Mammal Sc. 1 (1), 54–83.
  • Sergeant, D. E. 1973: Feeding, growth and productivity of northwest Atlantic harp seals. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 30. 17–19.
  • Sivertsen, E. 1941: On the biology of the harp seal. HvaiMilers Skrifter. 28. 1–166.
  • Øritsland. N. A. & Markussen. N. H. 1990: Outline of a physiologically based model for population energetics. Ecol. Modelling 52, 267–288.
  • Øritsland, T. 1990: Seals in the northeast Atlantic and interactions with fisheries. Comire Arcrique Internat. Commentary 2. 10–13.

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