Egg laying, chick growth and food of kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla at Hopen, Svalbard

References

• Baird, P. H. 1990: Influence of abiotic factors and prey distribution on diet and reproductive success of three seabird species in Alaska. Ornis Scand. 21, 224–235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. 1978: The breeding biology of the Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla (L.), in Troms, North Norway. Cand. Real. Thesis, Univ. of Tromso. 132 pp + appendices.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. 1983: Seabird Research on Homo, East Finnmark with notes from Nordland, Troms and W. Finn-mark 1980-1983. A preliminary Report. Unpubl. Rep., Tromso Museum, Univ. of Tromso. 62 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. 1989: The effect of egg harvesting on the growth of chicks and breeding success of the Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis and the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla on Bleiksoy, North Norway. Ornis Fennica 66,117–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. 1996: Prey harvest, chick growth and production of three seabird species on Bleiksoy, North Norway during years of variable food availability. Pp. 20-26 in Montevecchi, W. A. (ed.): Studies of High-latitude Seabirds. 4. Trophic relationships and energetics of endotherms in cold ocean systems. CWS Occ. Paper 91. Ottawa.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. & Furness, R. W. 1990. The prey and diving depths of seabirds on Hornoy, North Norway, after a decrease in the Barents Sea capelin stocks. Ornis Scand. 21, 179–186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. & Krasnov, Y. V. 1996: Recent responses to changes in stocks of prey species by seabirds breeding in the southern Barents Sea. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 53, 713–722.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. & Mehlum, F. 1989: Bird observations and seabird census at Hopen, Svalbard. Fauna norv. Ser. C, Cinclus 12, 21–29.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. & Runde, O. J. 1980: Growth and survival of nestling Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Norway. Ornis Scand. 11, 228–235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, R. T. & Tertiski, G. In press: The Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. In Anker-Nilssen, T., Bakken, V., Bianlci, V., Golovkin, A. & Tatarinkova, I. (eds.): Status of Marine Birds Breeding in the Barents Sea Region.
   Google Scholar
• Belopol'skii, L. O. 1957: Ecology of Sea Colony Birds of the Barents Sea. Israel Progr. For Scientific Translations, Jerusalem. 346 pp. (Translated from Russian, 1961).
   Google Scholar
• Breiby, A. 1985: Otolitter fra saltavannsfisker i Nord-Norge. Tromura Natvitenskap nr. 45, Univ. of Tromso. 30 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Coulson, J. C. & White, E. 1958: Observations on the breeding of the kittiwake. Bird Study 5, 74–83.
   Google Scholar
• Cullen, E. 1957: Adaptations in the kittiwake to cliffnesting. Ibis 99, 275–302.
   Google Scholar
• Dragesund, O. & Gjoszeter, J. 1988: The Barents Sea. Pp. 339-361 in Postma, H. & ZijIstra, J. J. (eds.): Continental shelves. Ecosystems of the world 27. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   Google Scholar
• Fadley, B. S., Piatt, J. F., Hatch, S. A. & Roseneau, D. G. 1989: Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of Seabirds at Cape Thompson, Alaska. Alaksa Fish & Wild!. Res. Center. Final rep., OCS Study MMS 89-0014. US Fish & Wild!. Serv. 429 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Furness, R. W. & Barrett, R. T. 1985: The food requirements and ecological relationships of a seabird community in North Norway. Ornis Scand. 16, 305–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabrielsen, G. W. 1994: Energy Expenditure in Arctic Seabirds. Dr. Philos thesis, Univ. of Tromso.
   Google Scholar
• Gabrielsen, G. W., Klaasen, M. & Mehlum, F. 1992: Energetics of Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla chicks. Ardea 80, 29–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabrielsen, G. W., Mehlum, F. & Nagy, K. A. 1987: Daily energy expenditure and energy utilization of free-ranging Black-legged Kittiwakes. Condor 89, 126–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galbraith, H. 1983: The diet and feeding ecology of breeding Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla. Bird Study 30, 109–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galkin, A. S. & Ushakov, N. G. 1977: Capelin investigations in the Barents Sea for 1971-1976. ICES Rep. CM. 1977IH:6, 1-20.
   Google Scholar
• Gaston, A. J. 1988: Timing of breeding of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla and growth and diet of the chicks at Hantzch Island, N.W.T., Canada. Seabird 11, 3–11.
   Google Scholar
• Hamer, K. C., Monaghan, P., Uttley, J. D., Walton, P. & Burns, M. D. 1993: The influence of food supply on the breeding ecology of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Shetland. Ibis 135, 255–263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatch, S. A., Byrd, G. V., Irons, D. B. & Hunt, G. L. 1993: Status and ecology of Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and R. brevirostris) in the North Pacific. Pp. 140-153 in Vermeer, K., Briggs, K. T., Morgan, K. H. & Siegel-Causey, D. (eds.): The Status, Ecology, and Conservation of Marine Birds of the North Pacific. CWS Special Publ., Ottawa.
   Google Scholar
• Härkönen, T. 1986: Guide to the Otoliths of the Bony Fishes of the Northeast Atlantic. Danbiu ApS, Hellerup. 256 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Loeng, H. 1989: Ecological features of the Barents Sea. Pp. 327-365 in Rey, L. Proceedings of the 6th Conference of the Comité Artique International, 13-15 May 1985. E. J. Brill. Leiden.
   Google Scholar
• Lydersen, C., Gjertz, I. & Weslawski, J. M. 1989: Stomach contents of autumn-feeding vertebrates from Homsund, Svalbard. Polar Record 25, 107–114.
   Google Scholar
• Lønne, O. J. & Gabrielsen, G. W. 1992: Summer diet of seabirds feeding in sea-ice-covered waters near Svalbard. Polar Biol. 12, 685–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Løvenskiold, H. L. 1964: Avifauna Svalbardensis. Norsk Polarinst. Skr. No. 129, 1-455.
   Google Scholar
• Maunder, J. E. & Threlfall, W. 1972: The breeding biology of the Black-legged Kittiwake in Newfoundland. Auk 89, 789–816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehlum, F. & Bakken, V. 1994: Seabirds in Svalbard (Norway): status, recent changes and management. Pp. 155-171 in Nettleship, D.N., Burger, J. & Gochfeld, M. (eds.): Seabirds on Islands. Threats, case studies and action plans. Birdlife Conservation Series No. 1, Cambridge, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Mehlum, F. & Gabrielsen, G.W. 1993: The diet of high-arctic seabirds in coastal and ice-covered, pelagic areas near the Svalbard archipelago. Polar Res. 12, 1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, T. H. 1968: The feeding biology of sea-bird species breeding on the Fame Islands, Northumberland. J. Animal Ecol. 37, 521–552.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poluszynski, J. 1979: Some observations of breeding kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) on Helgoland. Abh.a.d. Geb. Vogeld. 6, 113–120.
   Google Scholar
• Ricklefs, R. E. 1967: A graphical method of fitting equations to growth curves. Ecol. 48, 978–983.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, B. D. & Hatch, S. A. 1993: Behavioral ecology of Black-legged Kittiwakes during chick rearing in a failing colony. Condor 95, 330–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runde, O. & Barrett, R. T. 1981: Variations in egg size and incubation period of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in Norway. Ornis Scand. 12, 80–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swartz, L. G. 1966: Sea-cliff birds. Pp. 611-678 in Wilimovsky, N. J. & Wolfe, J. N. (eds.): Environment of the Cape Thompson Region, Alaska. US Atomic Energy Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Uspenslcii, S. M. 1956: The Bird Bazaars of Novaya Zemlya. CWS translation of Russian game Reports, Vol. 4, Ottawa. 159 pp. (Translated from Russian, 1958).
   Google Scholar
• Wanless, S. & Harris, M. P. 1992: Activity budgets, diet and breeding success of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla on the Isle of May. Bird Study 39, 145–154.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanuki, Y., Naito, Y. & Schauer, J. 1992: Chick diet and daily activity pattern of Common Murres and Black-legged Kittiwakes at Bluff seabird colony, Norton Sound, Alaska. Proc. NIPR Symp. Polar Biol. 5, 98–104.
   Google Scholar
• Weslawski, J. M., Stempniewicz, L. & Galaktionov, K. 1994: Summer diet of seabirds from the Frans Josef Land archipelago, Russian Arctic. Polar Res. 13, 173–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaferman, M. L. 1972: Observations on capelin in the area of Hope Island. Materialy rybokhozyaistvennykh issledovanii Severnogo basseina, 19, 93-100. (Fish. Res. Bd., Canada Transl. Ser. No. 2840, 1973).
   Google Scholar