166
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The effect of electrical conductivity on the growth of the electric field in a thunderstorm

&
Pages 497-506 | Received 13 May 1974, Accepted 28 Oct 1974, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

References

  • Brown, K. A., Krehbiel, P. R., Moore, C. B. and Sargent, G. N. 1971. Electrical screening layers around charged clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 2825–2835.
  • Chalmers, J. A. 1967. Atmospheric electricity, pp. 212, 324. Pergamon Press, New York.
  • Dawson, G. A. 1970. Electrical corona from water drop surfaces. J. Geophys. Res. 75, 2153–2158.
  • Dolezalek, H. 1972. Discussion of the fundamental problem of atmospheric electricity. Pure and Ap-plied Geophysics 100, 8–42.
  • Evans, W. H. 1969. Electric fields and conductivity in thunderclouds. J. Geophys. Res. 74, 939-948.
  • Freier, G.. 1962. Conductivity of the air in thunder-storms. J. Geophys. Res. 67, 4683–4692.
  • Freier, G. 1963. A theoretical study of the conduc-tivity of air in thunderstorms. J. Geophys, Res. 68, 4941–4947.
  • Freier, G. 1968. The electrical structure of thunder-storms. Proc. of the Int. (Jon!. on Cloud Physics, Aug. 26-30, Toronto, Canada, pp. 597-603.
  • Levin, Z. and Ziv, A. 1974. The electrification of thunderclouds and the rain gush. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 2699–2705.
  • Mason, B. J. 1971. The physics of clouds, p. 550. Oxford University Press, London.
  • Mason, B. J. 1972. The physics of the thunder-storm. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A327, 433–466.
  • Moore, C. B., Vonnegut, B. and Einslie, A. G. 1959. Observations of thunderstorms in New Mexico. Report to the Office of Naval Research under contract Nonr1684(00), A. D. Little, Inc.
  • Moore, C. B., Vormegut, B. and Mallahan, F. J. 1961. Airborne filters for the measurement of atmos-pheric space charge. J. Geophys. Res. 66, 3219–3226.
  • Moore, C. B. 1972. Reply to comments on “electric field measurements in thunderclouds using in-strumented rockets”. J. Geophys. Res. 77, 506–509.
  • Muchnik, V. M. 1974. Comments on “The effect of potential gradient on the charge separation dur-ing interactions of snow crystals with an ice sphere”. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 597-598.
  • Paluch, I. R. and Sartor, J. D. 1973. Thunderstorm electrification by the inductive charging mech-anism: I. Particle charges and electric fields. J. Atmos. Sci. 30, 1166–1173.
  • Panofsky, W. K. H. and Phillips, M. 1953. Classical electricity and magnetism. Addison-Wesley, Cam-bridge, Mass.
  • Pisler, E. and Atkinson, W. R. 1971. Atmospheric electrical discharge in the presence of water and ice particles. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 2805–2824.
  • Sartor, J. D. 1967. The role of particle interactions in the distribution of electricity in thunderstorms. J. Atmos. Sci. 24, 601–615.
  • Sartor, J. D. 1970. General thunderstorm electricity. Report of the Laboratory of Atmospheric Scien-ces, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado.
  • Scott, W. D. and Levin, Z. 1974. Reply to “Comments on the effect of potential gradient on the charge separation during interactions of snow crystals with an ice sphere”. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 598–599.
  • Vonnegut, B., Moore, C. B. and Botka, A. T. 1959. Preliminary results of an experiment to determine the initial precedence of organized electri-fication and precipitation in thunderstorms. J. Geophys. Rea. 64, 347–357.
  • Vonnegut, B., Moore, C. B., Semonin, R. G., Bul-lock, J. W., Staggs, D. W. and Bradley, W. E. 1962. Effect of atmospheric space charge on ini-tial electrification of cumulus clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 67, 3903–3922.
  • Vonnegut, B. 1969. Discussion of paper by W. H. Evans, “Electric fields and conductivity in thunderclouds”. J. Geophys. Res. 74, 7053–7065.
  • Wilson, C. T. R. 1956. A theory of thundercloud electricity. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) 236A, 297.
  • Winn, W. P. and Moore, C. B. 1971. Electric field measurements in thunderclouds using instru-mented rockets. J. Geophys. Rea. 76, 5003-5017.
  • Ziv, A. and Levin, Z. 1974. Thunderstorm electrifica-tion: cloud growth and electrical development. J. Atmos. Sci. 31, 1652–1661.