52
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Bifurcation properties of quasi-geostrophic, barotropic models and their relation to atmospheric blocking

Pages 255-265 | Received 13 Jul 1981, Accepted 12 Oct 1981, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

  • Bengtsson, L., Kanamitsu, M., Milberg, P. and Uppala, S. 1981. The FGGE III-b system at ECMWF. To appear in Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
  • Charney, J. G. and DeVore, J. G. 1979. Multiple flow equilibria in the atmosphere and blocking. J. Atmos. Sci. 36, 1205–1216.
  • Davey, M. K. 1980. A quasi-linear theory for rotating flow over topography. Part I: Steady 11-plane channel. J. Fluid Mech. 99, 267–292.
  • Davey, M. K. 1981. A quasi-linear theory for rotating flow over topography. Part II: Beta-plane annulus. J. Fluid Mech. 103, 297–320.
  • Hoskins, B. 1 1973. Stability of the Rossby-Haurwits wave. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 99, 723–745.
  • Hoskins, B. J. and Simmons, A. J. 1975. A multi-layer spectral model and the semi-implicit method. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 101, 637–655.
  • Källén, E. 1981. The non-linear effects of orographic and momentum forcing in a low-order, barotropic model. J. Atmos. Sc L 39, 2150–2163.
  • Marsden, J. E. and McCracken, M. 1976. The Hopf bifurcation and its applications. New York: Springer Verlag, pp. 408.
  • McWilliams, J. C. 1980. An application of equivalent modons to atmospheric blocking. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 5, 43-66.
  • Saltzman, B. 1970. Large-scale atmospheric energetics in wave number domain. Rev. Geophys. and Space Phys. 8, 289–302.
  • Savijärvi, H. 1978. The interaction of the monthly mean flow and large scale transient eddies in two different circulation types, Part II. Geophysica 14, 207–229.
  • Steinberg, H. L., Wiin-Nielsen, A. and Yang, C.-H. 1971. On non-linear cascades in large-scale atmospheric flow J. Geophys. Res. 76, 8629–8640.
  • Vickroy, J. G. and Dutton, J. A. 1979. Bifurcation and catastrophe in a simple, forced, dissipative quasi-geostrophic flow. J. Atmos. Sci. 36,42–52.
  • Webster, P. J. 1981. Mechanisms determining the atmospheric response to sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Atmos, Sci. 38, 554–571.
  • Wiin-Nielsen, A. C. 1979. Steady states and stability properties of a low-order barotropic system with forcing and dissipation. Tellus 31, 375–386.