- Anthes, R. A., Kuo, Y-H. and Gyakum, J. R. 1983.Numerical simulations of a case on explosive marine cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev. 111, 1174–1188.
- Bijlsma, S. J. and Hafkenscheid, L. M. 1984. A non-linear normal mode initialization method for a limited area model. Internal KNMI Note, 38 pp.
- Bratseth, A. M. 1985. A note on CISK in polar air masses. Tel/us 37A, 403-406. Polar low special issue.
- Browning, K. A. and Hill, F. F. 1985. Mesoscale analysis of a polar trough interacting with a polar front. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 111, 445–462.
- Businger, S. 1985. The synoptic climatology of polar low outbreaks. Tellus 37A, 419–432.
- Businger, S. 1987. The synoptic climatology of polar air outbreaks over the Gulf of Alaska andthe Bering Sea. Tellus 39A,307–325.
- Craig, G. and Cho, H-R. 1988. Cumulus heating and CISK in the extratropical atmosphere. Part I: Polar lows and comma clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 43,2622–2640.
- Forbes, G. S. and Lottes, W. D. 1985. Classification of meso-scale vortices in polar air streams and the influence of the large scale environment on their evolutions. Tellus 37A, 132–155.
- Gustafsson, N., Järvenoja, S., Källberg, P. and Woetmann Nielsen, N. 198.6.8tis1ine experiments with a high resolution limited area model. HIRLAM Technical Report No. I, Copenhagen, 17 November 1986.87 pp.
- Gustafsson, N. and Järvenoja, S. 1987. Sensitivity tests with a limited area version of the ECMWF analysis scheme. HIRLAM Technical Note No. 3, Copenhagen, October 1987. 26 pp.
- Harrold, T. W. and Browning, K. A. 1969. The polar low as a baroclinic disturbance. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 95,710–723.
- Kuo, Y-H. and Reed, R. J. 1988. Numerical simulation of an explosively deepening cyclone in the Eastern Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev. 116,2081–2105.
- Locatelli, J. D., Hobbs, P. V. and Werth, J. A. 1982. Mesoscale structures of vortices in polar air streams. Mon. Wea. Rev. 110,1417–1433.
- Lystad, M. (ed.) 1986. Polar lows in the Norwegian, Greenland and Barents Sea. Polar Lows Project, Final Report. The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway.
- Lönnberg, P. and Shaw, D. 1987. ECMWF data assimilation scientific documentation, Research Manual 1. Mansfield, D. A. 1974. Polar lows: the development of baroclinic disturbances in cold air outbreaks. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 100, 541–554.
- økland, H. 1987. Heating by organized convection as a source of polar low intensification. Tellus 39A,397–407.
- økland, H. and Schyberg, H. 1987. On the contrasting influence of organized moist convection and surface heat flux on a barotropic vortex. Tellus 39A,385–389.
- Orlanski, I. 1986. Localized baroclinicity. A source for meso-alpha cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci.43, 2857–2885.
- Rasmussen, E. 1977. The polar low as a CISK-phenomenon. Report No. 6, University of Copenhagen, Institution for theoretical meteorology.
- Rasmussen, E. 1979. The polar low as an extratropical CISK-disturbance. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 105,531–549.
- Rasmussen, E. 1981. An investigation of polar low with a spiral cloud structure. J. Atmos. Sci. 38,1785–1792.
- Rasmussen, E. 1985. A case study of a polar low development over the Barents Sea. Tellus 37A,407–418.
- Reed, R. J. 1979. Cyclogenesis in polar air streams. Mon. Wea. Rev. 107,38–52.
- Reed, R. J. and Blier, W. 1986. A case study of comma cloud development in the Eastern Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev. 114,1681–1695.
- Sardie, J. M. and Warner, T. T. 1983. On the mechanism for the development of polar lows. J.Atmos. Sci. 40,869–881.
- Sardie, J. M. and Warner, T. T. 1985. A numerical study of the development mechanisms of polar lows. Tellus 37A,460–477.
- Staley, D. 0. and Gall, R. L. 1977. On the wavelength of maximum baroclinic instability. J.Atmos. Sci. 34,1679–1688.
- Uccellini, L. W. 1986. The possible influence of up-stream upper-level baroclinic processes onthe development of the QE II storm. Mon. Wea. Rev. 114,1019–1027.
- Unden, P. 1982. The Swedish limited area model. SMHI Reports. Meteorology and Climatology, RMK 35,33 pp.
- Zick, C. 1983. Methods and results of an analysis of comma cloud developments by mean of vorticity fields from upper tropospheric satellite wind data. Meteorol. Rdsch. 36,69–84.
Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography
Volume 42, 1990 - Issue 1
Open access
108
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles
A study of non-forecasted cyclogenesis in a polar air mass over the Baltic Sea
Kai MyrbergDepartment of Meteorology, University of Helsinki, Hallituskatu 11-13, SF-00100, Helsinki, Finland,
, Jarmo KoistinenDepartment of Meteorology, University of Helsinki, Hallituskatu 11-13, SF-00100, Helsinki, Finland,
& Simo JärvenojaFinnish Meteorological Institute, Box 503, SF-00101, Helsinki, Finland
Pages 165-173
|
Received 02 Nov 1988, Accepted 08 May 1989, Published online: 15 Dec 2016
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.