606
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Climate dynamics and climate modelling

A response in the ENSO cycle to an extratropical forcing mechanism during the El Niño to La Niña transition

, &
Article: 22431 | Received 21 Jul 2013, Accepted 17 Nov 2013, Published online: 13 Dec 2013

References

  • Battisti D. S . Dynamics and thermodynamics of a warming event in a coupled tropical atmosphere–ocean model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1988; 45: 2889–2919.
  • Battisti D. S , Hirst A. C . Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere–ocean model: Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry, and nonlinearity. J. Atmos. Sci. 1989; 46: 1687–1712.
  • Bjerknes J . A possible response of the atmospheric Hadley circulation to equatorial anomalies of ocean temperature. Tellus. 1966; 18: 820–829.
  • Bjerknes J . Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1969; 97: 163–172.
  • Chiang J. C. H , Vimont D. J . Analogous Pacific and Atlantic meridional modes of tropical atmosphere–ocean variability. J. Climate. 2004; 17: 4143–4158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4953.1 .
  • Deser C , Capotondi A , Saravanan R , Phillips S . Tropical Pacific and Atlantic climate variability in CCSM3. J. Climate. 2006; 19: 2451–2481.
  • Giannini A , Kushnir Y , Cane M. A . Interannual variability of Caribbean Rainfall, ENSO, and the Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate. 2000; 13: 297–311.
  • Hoskins B. J , Karoly D. J . The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci. 1981; 38: 1179–1196.
  • Kalnay E , Kanamitsu M , Kisler R , Collins W , Deaven D , co-authors . The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 1996; 77: 437–471.
  • Kushnir Y , Robinson W. A , Bladé I , Hall N. M. J , Peng S , co-authors . Atmospheric GCM response to extratropical SST anomalies: synthesis and evaluation. J. Climate. 2002; 15: 2233–2256.
  • Lupo A. R , Bosart L.F . An analysis of a relatively rare case of continental blocking. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 1999; 125: 107–138.
  • Matthews A. J , Kiladis G. N . A model of Rossby waves linked to submonthly convection over the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci. 2000; 57: 3785–3798.
  • McPhaden M. J . Genesis and evolution of the 1997–98 El Niño. Science. 1999; 283: 950–954.
  • McPhaden M. J , Zebiak S. E , Glantz M. H . ENSO as an integrating concept in Earth science. Science. 2006; 314: 1740–1745.
  • Peixoto J. P , Oort A. H . Physics of Climate.
  • Peixoto J. P , Oort A. H . Physics of Climate.
  • Prabhu A , Mahajan P. N , Khaladkar R. M , Chipade M. D . Role of Antarctic circumpolar wave in modulating the extremes of Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010; 37: L14106. 5.
  • Rasmusson E. M , Carpenter T. H . Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern oscillation/ El Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1982; 110: 354–384.
  • Schopf P. S , Suarez M. J . Vacillations in a coupled ocean–atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sci. 1988; 45: 549–566.
  • Simmons A. J , Wallace J. M , Branstator G. W . Barotropic wave propagation and instability, and atmospheric teleconnection patterns. J. Atmos. Sci. 1983; 40: 1363–1392.
  • Tziperman E , Stone L , Cane M. A , Jarosh H . El Niño Chaos: Overlapping of Resonances between the seasonal cycle and the Pacific Ocean–atmosphere oscillator. Science. 1994; 264: 72–74.
  • Wallace J. M , Gutzler D. S . Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1981; 109: 784–812.
  • Wang Y . Effects of blocking anticyclones in Eurasia in the rainy season (Meiyu/Baiu season). J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 1992; 70: 929–951.
  • Wang Y , Lupo A. R . An extratropical air–sea interaction over the North Pacific in association with a preceding El Niño episode in early summer. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2009; 137: 3771–3785.
  • Wang Y , Yamazaki K , Fujiyoshi Y . The interaction between two separate propagations of Rossby Waves. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2007; 135: 3521–3540.
  • Wang Y , Yasunari T . A diagnostic analysis of the wave train propagating from high-latitudes to low-latitudes in early summer. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan. 1994; 72: 269–279.
  • Wang Y , Zhai P , Qin J . Construction of the OKJ teleconnection index. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2013; 111: 303–314.
  • Wytrki K . The dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1975; 5: 572–584.
  • Zhang L , Chang P , Ji L . Linking the Pacific Meridional Mode to ENSO: Coupled Model Analysis. J. Climate. 2009; 22: 3488–3505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2473.1 .