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Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology Volume 42, 1990 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Measurements of cloud water deposition on vegetation using a lysimeter and a flux gradient technique

D. FowlerInstitute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 OQB, Midlothian, Scotland,
,
A. P. MorseUniversity of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 88, ManchesterM60 JQD, UK
,
M. W. GallagherUniversity of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 88, ManchesterM60 JQD, UK
&
T. W. ChoulartonUniversity of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 88, ManchesterM60 JQD, UK
Pages 285-293 | Received 29 Sep 1988, Accepted 06 Sep 1989, Published online: 18 Jan 2017

References

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  • Choularton, T. W., Consterdine, I. E., Gardiner, B. A., Gay, M., Hill, M. K., Latham, J. and Stromberg, I. M. 1986. Field studies of the optical and microphysical characteristics of clouds enveloping Great Dun Fell. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 112, 131–148.
  • Dollard, G. J., Unsworth, M. H. and Harvey, M. J. 1983. Field measurements of turbulent fluxes of wind-driven fogs to a grass surface. Atmos. Environ. 17, 775–780.
  • Fowler, D., Cape, J. N., Leith, I. D., Choularton, T. W., Gay, M. J. and Jones, A. 1988. The influence of altitude on rainfall composition at Great Dun Fell. Atmos. Environ. 22, 1355–1362.
  • Gallagher, M. W., Choularton, T. W., Morse, A. P. and Fowler, D. 1988. Measurements of the size depen-dence of cloud droplet deposition at a hill site. Quart. J. Roy. Soc. 114, 1291–1304.
  • Hori, T. 1953. Studies on fogs in relation to fog preventing forests. Tanne Trading Co., Sapporo, Japan.
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  • Lovett, G. M. 1984. Rates and mechanisms of cloud water deposition to a subalpine balsam fir forest. Atmos. Environ. 18, 361–367.
  • Milne, R., Crossley, A. and Unsworth, M. H. 1988. Physics of cloudwater deposition and evaporation at Castlelaw, S.E. Scotland. In: Acid deposition processes at high elevation (eds. M. H. Unsworth and D. Fowler). Springer-Verlag, Vol. C252, 299–308.
  • Meteorological Office, 1977. Annual rainfall in North-ern Britain 1941-1970, M0886 Meteorological Office, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2SZ, UK.
  • Rutter, A. J. 1975. The hydrological cycle in vegetation. In: Vegetation and the atmosphere (ed. J. L. Monteith). London: Academic Press, 11–50.
  • Schmitt, G. 1988. Measurements of the chemical com-position in cloud and fog water. In: Acid deposition at high elevation (eds. M. H. Unsworth and D. Fowler). Springer-Verlag, Vol. C252, 403–418.
  • Shuttleworth, W. H. J. 1977. The exchange of wind-driven fog and mist between vegetation and the atmosphere. Boundary layer. Met. 12, 463–489.
  • Thom, A. S. 1975. Momentum mass and heat exchange. In: Vegetation and the atmosphere (ed. J. L. Monteith). New York: Academic Press, 57–109.
  • Unsworth, M. H. 1984. Evaporation from forests in cloud enhances the effects of acid deposition. Nature 312, 262–264.
  • Weathers, K. C., Likens, G. E., Bormann, F. H., Eaton, J. S., Kimball, K. D., Galloway, J. N., Siccama, T. G. and Smilet, D. 1988. Chemical concentrations in cloud water from four sites in the Eastern United States. In: Acid deposition processes at high elevation (eds. M. H. Unsworth and D. Fowler). Springer-Verlag, Vol. C2562, 345–358.

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