References
- Beard, K. V. 1992. Ice initiation in warm-base convective clouds: An assessment of microphysical mechanisms. Atmos. Res. 28, 125–152.
- Bigg, E. K. and Stevenson, C. M. 1970. Comparison of concentrations of ice nuclei in different parts of the world. J. Rech. Atmos. 4, 41–58.
- Bigg, E. K. 1973. Ice nucleus concentrations in remote areas. J. Atmos. Sci.30, 1153–1157.
- Bigg, E. K. 1990a. Measurements of concentrations of natural ice nuclei. Atmos. Res. 25, 397–408.
- Bigg, E. K. 1990b. Long-term trends in ice nucleus concentrations. Atmos. Res. 25, 409–415.
- Borys, R. D. 1983. The effects of long range transport of air pollutants on Arctic cloud active aerosol. Atmos. Sci. (paper no. 367), Dept. Atmos. Sci. Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, USA, 318 pp.
- Borys, R. 1989. Studies of ice nucleation by Arctic aerosol on AGASP-II. J. Atmos. Chem. 9, 169–186.
- Cipriano, R. J. and Blanchard, D. C. 1981. Bubble and aerosol spectra produced by a laboratory “breaking wave”. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8085–8092.
- Duce, R. A., Mohnen, V. A., Zimmerman, P. R., Grosjean, D., Cautreels, R., Jaenicke, R., Ogren, J. A., Pellizari, E. D. and Wallace, G. T. 1983. Organic material in the global troposphere. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 21, 921–952.
- Flyger, H., Hansen, K., Megaw, W. J. and Cox, L. C. 1973. The background level of the summer tropospheric aerosol over Greenland and the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Appl. Meteorol. 12, 161–174.
- Flyger, H., Heidam, N. Z., Hansen, K., Megaw, W. J., Walter, E.G. and Hogan, A. W. 1976. The background level of the summer tropospheric aerosol, sulfur dioxide and ozone over Greenland and the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Aerosol Sci.7 , 103–140.
- Flyger, H. and Heidam, N. Z. 1978. Groundlevel measurements of the summer tropospheric aerosol in northern Greenland. J. Aerosol Sci. 9, 157–168.
- Gavish, M., Popovitz-Biro, R., Lahay, M. and Leiserowitz, L. 1990. Ice nucleation by alcohols arranged in monolayers at the surface of water drops. Science 250, 973–975.
- Holroyd, E. W., Super, A. B. and Silverman, B. A. 1978. The practability of dry ice for on-top seeding of convective clouds. J. Appl. Meteorol. 17, 49–63.
- Kumai, M. and Francis, K. E. 1962. Nuclei in snow and ice crystals on the Greenland ice cap under natural and artificially stimulated conditions. J. Atmos. Sci. 19, 474–481.
- Leck, C. and Persson C. 1996. Seasonal and short-term variability in dimethylsulfide, sulfur dioxide and biogenic sulfur and sea salt aerosol particles in the Arctic marine boundary layer, during summer and autumn. Tellus 48B, 272–299.
- McGrath, R. 1989. Trajectory models and their use in the Irish Meteorological Service. Memorandum no. 112/89, Irish Meteorological Service, Dublin, January 1989.
- Pruppacher, H. R. and Klett, J. D. 1978. Microphysics of cloud and precipitation. D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland.
- Radke, L. F., Hobbs, P. V. and Pinnons, J. E. 1976. Observations of cloud condensation nuclei, sodium-containing particles, ice nuclei and the light-scattering coefficients near Barow, Alaska. J. Appl. Meteorol. 15, 982–995.
- Rosinski, J., Haagenson, P. L., Nagamoto, C. T. and Parungo, F. 1986. Ice-forming nuclei of maritime origin. J. Aerosol. Sci. 17, 23–46.
- Schnell, R. C. and Vali, G. 1975. Freezing nuclei in marine waters. Tellus 27, 23–46.
- Schnell, R. C. and Vali, G. 1976. Biogenic ice nuclei: Part I. Terrestrial and marine sources. J. Atmos. Sci. 33,1554–1564.
- Schnell, R. C. 1977. Ice nuclei in seawater, fog water and marine air off the coast of Nova Scotia: summer 1875. J. Atmos. Sci. 34, 1299–1305.
- Schnell, R. C. 1981, Kaolin and a biogenic ice nucleant: some nucleation and identification studies. Atmospheric aerosols and nuclei, pp. 353–357. Ed. A. F. Roddy and T. C. O'Connor, Galway Univ. Press, Eire. Proc. 9th Int. Conf on Atmospheric aerosols, condensation nuclei and ice nuclei, University Coll., Galway, Ireland, 21-27 September 1977.