Advanced search
Publication Cover
Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology Volume 52, 2000 - Issue 1
Journal homepage
329
Views
53
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Nitrogen deposition to the eastern Atlantic Ocean. The importance of south-easterly flow

Lucinda J. SpokesSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UKCorrespondence[email protected].
,
Stuart G. YeatmanSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
,
Sarah E. CornellSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
&
Tim D. JickellsSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
Pages 37-49 | Received 02 Mar 1999, Accepted 21 Jun 1999, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

  • Allen, A. G., Harrison, R. M. and Erisman, J.-W. 1989. Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride. Atmos. Environ. 23, 1591–1599.
  • Atherton, C. S. and Penner, J. E. 1990. The effects of biogenic hydrocarbons on the transformation of nitro-gen oxides in the troposphere. J. Geophys. Res. 95, 14027–14038.
  • Atkinson, R., Aschmann, S. M., Carter, W. P. L., Winer, A. M. and Pitts, J. N. 1982. Alkyl nitrate formation from the NOx-air photo oxidation of C2-C8 n-alkanes. J. Phys. Chem. 86, 4563–4569.
  • Buesseler, K. O. 1998. The decoupling of production and particulate export in the surface ocean. Global Biogeo-chem. Cycles 12, 297–310.
  • Bouwman, A. F., Lee, D. S., Asman, W. A. H., Dentener, F. J., Van der Hoek, K. W. and Olivier, J. G. J. 1997. A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 11, 561–587.
  • Brimblecombe P. and Clegg, S. L. 1988. The solubility and behaviour of acid gases in the marine aerosol. J. Atmos. Chem. 7, 1–18.
  • Buijsman, E., Maas, J. F. M. and Asman, W. A. H. 1987. Anthropogenic NH3 emissions in Europe. Atmos. Environ. 21, 1009–1022.
  • Cachier, H., Buat-Ménard, P., Fontugne, M and Chesselet, R. 1986. Long range transport of continentally derived particulate carbon in the marine atmosphere: Evidence from stable carbon isotope studies. Tellus 38, 161–177.
  • Chang, S. G. and Novakov, T. 1975. Formation of pollution particulate nitrogen compounds by NO-soot and NH3-soot gas-particle surface reactions. Atmos. Environ. 9, 495–504.
  • Clegg, S. L., Brimblecombe, P. and Wexler, A. S. 1998. Thermodynamic model of the system 11-NH-SO-NO-H2O at tropospheric temperatures. J. Phys. Chem. 102, 2137–2154.
  • Cornell, S. E., Rendell, A. R and Jickells, T. D. 1995. Atmospheric inputs of dissolved organic nitrogen to the oceans. Nature 376, 243–246.
  • Cornell, S. E., Jickells, T. D. and Thornton, C. A. 1998. Urea in rainwater and atmospheric aerosol. Atmos. Environ. 32, 1903–1910.
  • Cornell, S. E. and Jickells, T. D. 1999. Water-soluble organic nitrogen in atmospheric aerosol: A Comparison of UV and persulfate oxidation methods. Atmos. Environ. 33, 833–840.
  • Dentener, F. J. and Crutzen, P. J. 1994. A three-dimensional model of the global ammonia cycle. J. Atmos. Chem. 19, 331–369.
  • Duce, R. A., Liss, P. S., Merrill, J. T., Atlas, E. L., Buat-Ménard, P., Hicks, B. B., Miller, J. M., Prospero, J. M., Arimoto, R., Church, T. M., Ellis, W., Galloway, J. N., Hansen, L., Jickells, T. D., Knap, A. H., Reinhardt, K. H., Schneider, B., Soudine, A., Tokos, J. J., Tsuno-gai, S., Wollast, R, Zhou, M. 1991. The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean. Global Bio-geochem. Cycles 5, 193–259.
  • Dugdale, R. C. 1967. Nutrient limitation in the seas: Dynamics, identification and significance. Limnol. Oceanogr. 12, 685–695.
  • Dugdale, R. C. and Goering, J. J. 1967. Uptake of new and regenerated forms of nitrogen in primary productivity. Limnol. Oceanogr. 12, 196–206.
  • Eldering, A., Solomon, P. A., Salmon, L. G., Fall, T. and Cass, G. R. 1991. Hydrochloric acid: a regional per-spective on concentrations and formation in the atmo-sphere of southern California. Atmos. Environ. 25A, 2091–2102.
  • Eppley, R. W. and Peterson, B. W. 1979. Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean. Nature 282, 677–680.
  • Galloway, J. N., Schlesinger, W. H., Levy II, H., Michaels, and Schnoor, J. L. 1995. Nitrogen fixation: Anthropogenic enhancement-environmental response. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 9, 235–252.
  • Gibb, S. W., Mantoura, R. F. C. and Liss, P. S. 1995. Analysis of ammonia and methylamines in natural-waters by flow-injection gas-diffusion coupled to ion chromatography. Anal. Chim. Acta 316, 291–304.
  • Gorzelska, K., Galloway, J. N., Watterson, K. and Keene, W. C. 1992. Water soluble primary amine compounds in rural continental precipitation. Atmos. Environ. 26A, 1005–1018.
  • Harrison, R. M. and MacKenzie, A. R. 1990. A numerical simulation of kinetic constraints upon achievement of the ammonium nitrate dissociation equilibrium in the troposphere. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 91–102.
  • Harrison, R. M. and Pio, C. A. 1983a. An investigation of the atmospheric HNO3-NH3-NH4NO3 equilibrium relationship in a cool humid climate. Tellus 35B, 155–159.
  • Harrison, R. M. and Pio, C. A. 1983b. Size-differentiated composition of inorganic atmospheric aerosols of both marine and polluted continental origin. Atmos. Environ. 17, 1733–1738.
  • Holland, D. M., Principe, P. P. and Sickles II, J. E. 1999. Trends in atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen species in the eastern United States for 1989-1995. Atmos. Environ. 33, 37–49.
  • Jickells, T. D. 1998. Nutrient biogeochemistry of the coastal zone. Science 281, 217–222.
  • Kane, M. M., Rendell, A. R. and Jickells, T. D. 1994. Atmospheric scavenging processes over the North Sea. Atmos. Environ. 28, 2523–2530.
  • Knap, A. H., Jickells, T., Pszenny, A. and Galloway, J. 1986. Significance of atmospherically-derived fixed nitrogen on productivity of the Sargasso Sea. Nature 320, 158–160.
  • Meng, Z. and Seinfeld, J.H. 1996. Time scales to achieve atmospheric gas-aerosol equilibrium for volatile species. Atmos. Environ. 30, 2889–2900.
  • Michaels, A. F., Siegel, D. A., Johnson, R. J., Knap, A. H. and Galloway, J. N. 1993. Episodic inputs of atmo-spheric nitrogen to the Sargasso Sea: contributions to new production and phytoplankton blooms. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7, 339–351.
  • Milne, P. J. and Zika, R. G. 1993. Amino-acid nitrogen in atmospheric aerosols - occurrence, sources and photochemical modification. J. Atmos. Chem. 16, 361–398.
  • Mozurkewich, M. 1993. The dissociation constant of ammonium nitrate and its dependence on temperature, relative humidity and particle size. Atmos. Environ. 27A, 261–270.
  • Nixon, S. W. 1995. Coastal marine eutrophication: a definition, social causes, and future concerns. Ophelia 41, 199–219.
  • Nixon, S. W., Ammerman, J. W., Atkinson, L. P., Berounsky, V. M., Billen, G., Boicourt, W. C., Boynton, W. R., Church, T. M., Ditoro, D. M., Elmgren, R., Garber, J. H., Giblin, A. E., Jahnke, R. A., Owens, N. J. P., Pilson, M. E. Q. and Seitzinger, S. P. 1996. The fate of nitrogen and phosphorus at the land sea margin of the North Atlantic Ocean. Biogeochem. 35, 141–180.
  • Osborne, P.J., Preston, M.R. and Chen, H.Y. 1997. Azaarenes in sediments, suspended particles and aero-sol associated with the River Mersey estuary. Mar. Chem. 58, 73–83.
  • Ottely, C. J. and Harrison, R. M. 1993. Atmospheric dry deposition flux of metallic species to the North Sea. Atmos. Environ. 27A, 685–695.
  • Owens, N. J. P., Galloway, J. N. and Duce, R. A. 1992. Episodic atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the oligo-trophic oceans. Nature 357, 397–399.
  • Parsons, T. R., Maita, Y. and Lalli, C. M. 1984. A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
  • Paerl, H. W. 1985. Enhancement of marine primary productivity by nitrogen enriched acid rain. Nature 315, 747–749.
  • Paerl, H. W. 1988. Nuisance phytoplankton blooms in coastal, estuarine and inland waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33, 823–847.
  • Paerl, H. W. 1995. Coastal Eutrophication in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition: Current perspectives. Ophelia 41, 237–259.
  • Paerl, H. W. 1997. Coastal eutrophication and harmful algal blooms: Importance of atmospheric deposition and groundwater as “new” nitrogen and other nutrient sources. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 1154–1165.
  • Pakkanen, T. A. 1996. Study of formation of coarse particle nitrate aerosol. Atmos. Environ. 30, 2475–2482.
  • Peierls. B. L. and Paerls, H. W. 1997. Bioavailability of atmospheric organic nitrogen deposition to coastal phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, 1819–1823.
  • Pio, C. A., Nunes, T. V. and Leal, R. M. 1992. Kinetic and thermodynamic behaviour of volatile ammonium compounds in industrial and marine atmospheres. Atmos. Environ. 26A, 505–512.
  • Prospero, J. M., Barrett, K., Church, T., Dentener, F., Duce, R. A., Galloway, J. N., Levy II, H., Moody, and Quinn, P. 1996. Atmospheric deposition of nutrients to the North Atlantic Basin. Biogeochem. 35, 27–73.
  • Quinn, P. K., Charlson, R. J. and Bates, T. S. 1988.
  • Simultaneous observations of ammonia in the atmo-sphere and ocean. Nature 355, 336–338.
  • Sathyendranath, S., Longhurst, A., Caverhill, C. M. and Platt, T. 1995. Regionally and seasonally differentiated primary productivity in the North Atlantic. Deep Sea Res., 42, 1773–1802.
  • Seitzinger, S. P. and Giblin, A. E. 1996. Estimating denitrification in North Atlantic continental shelf sediments. Biogeochem. 35, 235–260.
  • Spokes, L., Jickells, T., Rendell, A., Schulz, M., Rebers, A., Dannecker, W., Kruger, O., Leermakers, M. and Baeyens, W. 1993. High atmospheric nitrogen deposition events over the North Sea. Mar. Poll. Bull. 26, 698–703.
  • Stelson, A. W. and Seinfeld, J. H. 1982. Relative humidity and temperature dependence of the ammonium nitrate dissociation constant. Atmos. Environ. 16, 983–992.
  • Timperley, M. H., Vigor-Brown, R. J., Kawashima, M. and Ishigami, M. 1985. Organic nitrogen compounds in atmospheric precipitation: their chemistry and availability to phytoplankton. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42, 1171–1177.
  • Van Neste, A., Duce, R. A. and Lee, C. 1987. Methyl-amines in the marine atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Letts. 14, 711–714.
  • Wall, S. M., John, W. and Ondo, J. L. 1988. Measurement of aerosol size distributions for nitrate and major ionic species. Atmos. Environ. 22, 1649–1656.
  • Walsh, T. W. 1989. Total dissolved nitrogen in seawater: A new high-temperature combustion method and a comparison with photo-oxidation. Mar. Chem. 26, 295–311.
  • Wangberg, I., Barnes, I. and Becker, K. H. 1996. Atmo-spheric chemistry of bifunctional cycloalkyl nitrates. Chem. Phys. Letts. 261, 138–144.
  • Wangberg, I., Barnes, I. and Becker, K. H. 1997. Product and mechanistic study of the reaction of NO3 radicals with alpha-pinene. Environ. Sci. Technol. 31, 2130–2135.
  • Wollast, R. 1991. The coastal organic carbon cycle: fluxes, sources and sinks. In: Ocean margin processes in global change, eds.: R. C. F. Mantoura et al. Wiley. Zhang, J. 1994. Atmospheric wet deposition of nutrient elements: Correlation with harmful biological blooms in north-west Pacific coastal zones. Ambio 23, 464–465.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.