491
Views
23
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Reduction of biosphere life span as a consequence of geodynamics

, , , , &
Pages 94-107 | Received 10 Oct 1998, Accepted 17 Jun 1999, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

  • Armstrong, R. L. 1981. The persistent myth of the crustal growth. Aust. J. Earth Sci. 38, 613–630.
  • Berner, R. A. 1991. A model for atmospheric CO2 over Phanerozoic time. Am. J. Sci. 291, 339–376.
  • Berner, R. A. 1992. Weathering, plants, and long-term carbon cycle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 3225–3231.
  • Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C. and Garrels, R. M. 1983. The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effects on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years. Am. J. Sci. 283, 641–683.
  • Bugbee, B. G. and Salisbury, F. B. 1986. Studies on maximum yield of wheat for the controlled environments of space. In: Controlled ecological life support systems: CELSS 1985 Workshop, ed. R. D. MacElroy, N. Y. Martello, D. T. Smernoff. NASA-TM-88215, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington DC, pp. 447–486
  • Caldeira, K. 1991. Continental-pelagic carbonate parti-tioning and the global carbonate-silicate cycle. Geo-logy 19, 204–206.
  • Caldeira, K. 1992. Enhanced cenozoic chemical weathering and the subduction of pelagic carbonate. Nature 357, 578–581.
  • Caldeira, K. 1995. Long-term control of atmospheric carbon dioxide - low-temperature seafloor alteration or terrestrial silicate-rock weathering. Am. J. Sci. 295, 1077–1114.
  • Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J. F. 1992. The life span of the biosphere revisited. Nature 360, 721–723.
  • Condie, K. C. 1990. Growth and accretion of continental crust: inferences based on Laurentia. Chem. Geology 83, 183–194.
  • Forget, F. and Pierrehumbert, R.T. 1997. Warming early Mars with carbon dioxide clouds that scatter infrared radiation. Science 278, 1273–1276.
  • Franck, S. 1998. Evolution of the global heat flow over 4.6 Gyr. Tectonophysics 291, 9–18.
  • Franck, S. and Bounama, Ch. 1995. Effects of water-dependent creep rate on the volatile exchange between mantle and surface reservoirs. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 92, 57–65.
  • Franck, S. and Bounama, Ch. 1997. Continental growth and volatile exchange during Earth's evolution. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 100, 189–196.
  • Franck, S., Kossacki, K. and Bounama, Ch. 1999. Modelling the global carbon cycle for the past and future evolution of the Earth system. Chem. Geology 159, 305–317.
  • Fyfe, W. D. 1978. Evolution of the earth's crust: modern plate tectonics to ancient hot spot tectonics? Chem. Geol. 23, 89–114.
  • Ganopolski, A., Kubatzki, C., Claussen, M., Brovkin, V. and Petoukhov, V. 1998. Vegetation-atmosphere-ocean interaction on climate during Mid-Holocene. Science 280, 1916–1919.
  • Goddéris, Y. and Francois, L. M. 1995. The cenozoic evolution of the strontium and carbon cycle: relative importance of continental erosion and mantle exchanges. Chem. Geology 126, 169–190.
  • Hart, M. H. 1978. The evolution of the atmosphere of the Earth. Icarus 33, 23–39.
  • Hart, M. H. 1979. Habitable zones about main sequence stars. Icarus 37, 351–357.
  • Jackson, M. J. and Pollack, H. N. 1987. Mantle devolatilization and convection: implications for the thermal history of the Earth. Geophys. Res. Lett. 14, 7, 737–740.
  • Kasting, J. F. 1984. Comments on the BLAG model: the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years. Am. J. Sci. 284, 1175–1182.
  • Kasting, J. F. 1992. The proterozoic biosphere. Schopf, J. W., Klein, C. (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 165–168
  • Kasting, J. F. 1997. Habitable zones around low mass stars and the search for extraterrestrial life. Origins of Life 27, 291–307.
  • Kasting, J. F., Toon, O. B. and Pollack, J. B. 1988. How climate evolved on the terrestrial planets. Sci. Am. 258,2, 46–53.
  • Kasting, J. F., Whitmire, D. P. and Reynolds, R. T. 1993. Habitable zones around main sequence stars. Icarus 101, 108–128.
  • Krumbein, W. E. 1995. A neglected carbon sink? Bio-degradation of rocks. In: Microbial diversity and ecosystem function. Allsopp, D., Colwell, R. R. and Hawksworth, D. L. (eds.). CAB International, Wallingford.
  • Kuhn, W. R., Walker, J. C. G. and Marshall, H. G. 1989 The effect on Earth's surface temperature from variations in rotation rate, continent formation, solar luminosity, and carbon dioxide. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 11,129-11,136.
  • Kump, L. R. and Volk, T. 1991. Gaia's garden and BLAG's greenhouse: global biogeochemical climate regulation. In: Scientists on Gaia, ed. S. H. Schneider and P. J. Boston. MIT Press, Cambridge, 191–199
  • Lasaga, A. C., Berner, R. A. and Garrels, R. M. 1985. An improved geochemical model of atmospheric CO2 fluctuation over the past 100 million years. In: The carbon cycle and atmospheric CO2: natural variations Archaean to present. Geophys. Monograph 32, ed. E. T. Sundquist and W. S. Broecker. AGU, Washington DC, pp. 397–441
  • Lovelock, J. E. and Whitfield, M. 1982. Life span of biosphere. Nature 296, 561–563.
  • Marshall, H. G., Walker, J. C. G, and Kuhn, W. R. 1988. Long-term climate change and the geochemical cycle of carbon. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 781–801.
  • McGovern, P. J. and Schubert, G. 1989. Thermal evolution of the Earth: effects of volatile exchange between atmosphere and interior. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 96, 27–37.
  • Nisbet, E. G. 1987. The young Earth: an introduction to Archean geology. Allen & Unwin Inc., London, pp. 402.
  • Reymer, A. and Schubert, G. 1984. Phanerozoic addition rates of the continental crust and crustal growth. Tectonics 3, 63–67.
  • Richter, O. 1985. Simulation des Verhaltens ökologischer Systeme: Mathematische Methoden und Modelle. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp. 219.
  • Sagan, C. and Mullen, G. 1972. Earth and Mars: evolution of atmospheres and surface temperatures. Science 177, 52–56.
  • Schellnhuber, H.-J. and Kropp, J. 1998. Geocybernetics: controlling a complex dynamic system under uncertainty. Naturwissenschaften 85, 411–425.
  • Schneider, S. H. and Boston, P. J. (eds.) 1991. Scientists on Gaia. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp. 550.
  • Schwartzman, D., McMenamin, M. and Volk, T. 1993. Did surface temperatures constrain microbial evolution? BioSci. 43, 390–393.
  • Schwartzman, D. W. and Volk, T. 1989. Biotic enhancement of weathering and the habitability of earth. Nature 340, 457–460.
  • Stumm, W. and Morgan, J. J. 1981. Aquatic chemistry. Wiley, New York, 780 pp.
  • Sylvester, P. J., Campbell, I. H. and Bowyer, D. A. 1997. Niobium/uranium evidence for early formation of the continental crust. Science 275, 521–523.
  • Taylor, S. R. and McLennan, S. M. 1995. The geological evolution of the continental crust. Rev. Geophysics 33, 641–265.
  • Turcotte, D. L. and Schubert, G. 1982. Geodynamics. Wiley, New York, 450 pp.
  • Volk, T. 1987. Feedbacks between weathering and atmo-spheric CO2 over the last 100 million years. Am. J. Sci. 287, 763–779.
  • Volk, T. 1989. Sensitivity of climate and atmospheric CO2 deep-ocean and shallow-ocean carbonate burial. Nature 337, 637–640.
  • Von Bloh, W., Block, A. and Schellnhuber, H.-J. 1997. Self-stabilisation of the biosphere under global change: a tutorial geophysiological approach. Tellus 49B, 249–262.
  • Walker, J. C. G., Hays, P. B. and Kasting, J. F. 1981. A negative feedback mechanism for the long-term stabilization of Earth's surface temperature. J. Geophys, Res. 86, 9776–9782.
  • Watson, A. J. and Lovelock, J. E. 1983. Biological homeostasis of the global environment: the parable of Daisyworld. Tellus 35B, 284–289.
  • Williams, D. M. 1998. The stability of habitable planetary environments. Thesis, Pennsylvania State University. Williams, D. M. and Kasting, J. F. 1997. Habitable planets with high obliquities. Icarus 129, 254–267.
  • Williams, D. R. and Pan, V. 1992. Internally heated mantle convection and the thermal and degassing history of the Earth. J. Geophys. Res. 97, B6, 8937–8950.
  • Wolery, T. J. and Sleep, N. H. 1976. Hydrothermal circulation and geochemical flux at mid-ocean ridges. J. Geol. 84, 249–275.
  • Wolery, T. J. and Sleep, N. H. 1988. Interactions of geochemical cycles with the mantle. In: Chemical cycles in the evolution of the earth, eds. C. B. Gregor, R. M. Garrels, F. T. Mackenzie, J. B. Maynard. Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 77–103