Uncertainties in data on organic aerosols

REFERENCES

• Berner, A., Dusek, U., Galambos, Z. and Kruisz, C. 1998. Sampling of fog droplets by cascade impactors. Contr. Atmos. Phys. 71, 101–114.
   Google Scholar
• Biswas, P., Jones, C. L. and Flagan, R. C. 1987. Distor-tion of size distributions by condensation and evapora-tion in aerosol instruments. J. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 7, 231–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadle, S., Groblicki, P. J. and Stroup, D. P. 1980. Auto-mated carbon analyzer for particulate samples. Anal. Chem. 52, 2201–2206.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Pritchett, L. C., Pierson, W. R., Frazier, C. A. and Purcell, R. G. 1993. The DRI thermal/optical reflectance carbon analysis system: description, evaluation and applications in US air quality studies. Atmos. Environ. 27A, 1185–1201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coutant, R. W., Brown, L., Chuang, J. C., Riggin, R. M. and Lewis, R. G. 1988. Phase distribution and artifact formation in ambient air sampling for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Atmos. Environ. 22, 403–409.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decesari, S., Facchini, M. C., DIM, S. and Tagliavini, E. 2000. Characterization of water-soluble organic com-pounds in atmospheric aerosol: a new approach. J. Geophys. Res. 105(D1), 1481–1489.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eatough, D. J., Wadsworth, A., Eatough, D. A., Craw-ford, J. W., Hansen, L. D. and Lewis, E. A. 1993. A multiple-system, multichannel diffusion denuder sam-pler for the determination of fine-particulate organic material in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 27, 1213–1219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eatough, D. J., Tang, H., Cui, W. and Machir, J. 1995. Determination of the size distribution and chemical composition of fine-particle semivolatile organic mat-erial in urban environments using diffusion denuder technology. Inhalation Toxicol. 7, 691–710.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eatough, D. J., Eatough, D. A., Lewis, L. and Lewis, E. A. 1996. Fine particle chemical composition and light extinction at Canyonlands National Park using organic particulate material concentrations obtained with a multisystem, multichannel diffusion denuder sampler. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (D14), 19,515–19,531
   Google Scholar
• Hering, S. V., Appel, B. R., Cheng, W., Salaymeh, F., Cadle, S. H., Mulawa, P. A., Cahill, T. A., Eldred, R. A., Surovik, M., Fitz, D., Howes, J. E., Knapp, K. T., Stockburger, L., Turpin, B. J., Huntzicker, J. J., Zhang, X. Q. and McMurry, P. H. 1990. Comparison of sampling methods for carbonaceous aerosols in ambient air. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 12, 200–213
   Google Scholar
• Hobbs, P. V. 1999. An overview of the University of Washington airborne measurements and results from the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observa-tional Experiment (TARFOX). J. Geophys. Res. 104(D2), 2233–2238.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huntzicker, J. J., Johnson, R. L., Shah, J. J. and Cary, R. A. 1982. Analysis of organic and elemental carbon in atmospheric aerosols by a thermal-optical method. In: Particulate carbon: atmospheric life cycle (eds G. T. Wolff and R. L. Klimisch). Plenum Press, New York, pp. 79–88.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Noone, K. J. and Charlson, R. J. 2000. Organic aerosols: review and state of the science. Reviews of Geophys., in press.
   Google Scholar
• Junge, C. 1952. Die Konstitution des atmosphaerischen Aerosols. Ann. Meteorol., Beiheft, 1–55.
   Google Scholar
• Kawamura, K. and Sakaguchi, F. 1999. Molecular distri-butions of water soluble dicarboxylic acids in marine aerosols over the Pacific Ocean including tropics. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 3501–3510.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klouda, G. A., Currie, L. A., Verkourten, R. M., Ein-feld, W. and Zak, B. D. 1988. Advances in microradio-carbon dating and the direct tracing of environmental carbon. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 123, 191–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liousse, C., Penner, J. E., Chuang, C., Walton, J. J., Eddleman, H. and Cachier, H. 1996. A global three-dimensional model study of carbonaceous aero-sols. J. Geophys. Res. 101 (D14), 19,411–19,432
   Google Scholar
• Malm, W. C., Sisler, J. F., Huffman, D., Eldred, R. A. and Cahill, D. M. 1994. Spatial and seasonal trends in particle concentration and optical extinction in the United States. J. Geophys. Res. 99(D1), 1347–1370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDow, S. R. and Huntzicker, J. J. 1990. Vapor adsorp-tion artifact in the sampling of organic aerosol: face velocity effects. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 2563–2571.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novakov, T., Hegg, D. A. and Hobbs, P. V. 1997. Air-borne measurements of carbonaceous aerosols on the East Coast of the United States. J. Geophys. Res. 102 (D25), 30,023–30,030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novakov, T., Bates, T. S. and Quinn, P. K. 2000. Ship-board measurements of concentrations and properties of carbonaceous aerosols during ACE-2. Tellus 52B, 228–238.
   Google Scholar
• NRC 1996. Panel on aerosol radiative forcing and cli-mate change. Aerosol radiative forcing and climate change. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Pankow, J. F. and Bidleman, T. F. 1991. Effects of tem-perature, TSP and percent non-exchangeable material in determining the gas-particle partitioning of organic compounds. Atmos. Environ. 25A, 2241–2249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putaud, J. P., VanDigenen, R., Mangoni, M., Virk-kula, A., Raes, F., Maring, H., Prospero, J. M., Swiet-licki, E., Berg, O. H., Hillamo, R. and Makeld, T. 2000. Chemical mass closure and assessment of the origin of the submicron aerosol in the marine boundary layer and the free troposphere at Tenerife during ACE-2. Tellus 52B, 141–168
   Google Scholar
• Rogge, W. F., Mazurek, M. A., Hildemann, L. M., Cass, G. R. and Simoneit, B. R. T. 1993. Quantification of urban organic aerosols at a molecular level: identifica-tion, abundance, and seasonal variation. Atmos. Environ. 27A(8), 1308–1330.
   Google Scholar
• Schuetzle, D., Cronn, D., Crittenden, A. L. and Charlson, R. J. 1975. Molecular composition of secondary aero-sol and its possible origin. Environ. Sci. Technol. 9, 838–845.
   Google Scholar
• Simoneit, B. R. T., Chester, R. and Eglinton, G. 1977. Biogenic lipids in particulates from the lower atmo-sphere over the Eastern Atlantic. Nature 267, 682–685.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpin, B. J., Huntzicker, J. J. and Hering, S. V. 1994. Investigation of organic aerosol sampling artifacts in the Los Angeles basin. Atmos. Environ. 28, 3061–3071.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar